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방광의 만성 질환: 과민성방광과 방광통증증후군/사이질방광염
윤하나 대한의사협회 2021 대한의사협회지 Vol.64 No.11
Background: Overactive bladder (OAB) and interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) are debilitatingchronic bladder diseases that affect patients’ quality of life. Their etiologies and clinical phenotypes vary, and management strategies should be selected after excluding the possibilities of other pathological conditions with careful consideration of a multidisciplinary integrated approach to ensure optimal success. Current Concepts: OAB is a symptom complex characterized by urinary urgency and frequency and nocturia with or without urge incontinence, and its key symptom is urinary urgency. IC/BPS has symptoms similar to lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) associated with OAB but also has distinctly different symptoms, including the key symptom of an unpleasant sensation or pain perceived to be related to the urinary bladder associated with LUTS. Recent studies have revealed that these key symptoms of OAB or IC/BPS are also observed in some patients with other diseases. Patients showing no evidence of bacterial infection on urine culture and experiencing LUTS or pain for more than 6 weeks should be considered as having OAB or IC/BPS. Treatment strategies for OAB and IC/BPS focus on managing LUTS and bothersome pain. Noninvasive management should be considered initially, whereas surgical options should be considered only after conservative treatment failure. Discussion and Conclusion: OAB and IC/BPS symptoms overlap considerably in many patients. A more accurate differentiation of symptoms, including LUTS, would help achieve better treatment outcomes.
윤하나,Youngdong Yoo,서관용,Juneho In,김봉수 대한화학회 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.9
This review covers recent developments in our group regarding the synthesis, characterization and applications of single-crystalline one-dimensional nanostructures based on a wide range of material systems including noble metals, metal silicides and metal germanides. For the single-crystalline one-dimensional nanostructures growth, we have employed chemical vapor transport approach without using any catalysts, capping reagents, and templates because of its simplicity and wide applicability. Au, Pd, and Pt nanowires are epitaxially grown on various substrates, in which the nanowires grow from seed crystals by the correlations of the geometry and orientation of seed crystals with those of as-grown nanowires. We also present the synthesis of numerous metal silicide and germanide 1D nanostructures. By simply varying reaction conditions, furthermore, nanowires of metastable phase, such as Fe5Si3 and Co3Si, and composition tuned cobalt silicides (CoSi, Co2Si, Co3Si) and iron germanides (Fe1.3Ge and Fe3Ge) nanowires are synthesized. Such developments can be utilized as advanced platforms or building blocks for a wide range of applications such as plasmonics, sensings, nanoelectronics, and spintronics.
윤하나,박광성 대한의사협회 2016 대한의사협회지 Vol.59 No.2
In female sexual dysfunction (FSD), psychological and contextual factors significantly influence organic components of sexual response and behavior. The hormonal environment also affects FSD. Therefore, a tailored medical approach to each individual’s sexual symptom is inevitable. This paper reviews currently available pharmacological treatment of FSD including the most recent advances and future targets in pharmacotherapy. In hormonal therapies for FSD, efficacy of estrogens and androgens on the treatment of vaginal atrophy, low sexual desire, and small subsets of genital arousal disorder, respectively, have been demonstrated. However, we need more data regarding long-term safety. There are two non-hormonal agents approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Flibanserin has shown marginal benefit over placebo for the treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder. Ospemifen has shown beneficial effect on vulvovaginal pain from hormone related atrophy although it requires a longer period data to assess safety in other female genital organs, such as uterus and ovaries. Controversies still remain regarding hormonal therapies for FSD. Besides, some of the developing drugs still require more reliable safety and efficacy data. However, pharmacologic treatment of FSD is a promising field yet to be explored.
게이트키핑 이론의 재해석 : 뉴미디어 환경에서 큐레이션을 중심으로
윤하나,정정주 한국지역언론학회 2020 언론과학연구 Vol.20 No.3
With the development of information and communication technology, the popularity of traditional news media is decreasing, and news consumption is moving to new media platforms, such as social network services and messaging systems. Certain topics like social media, online journalism, and the multi-channelization of news are drawing attention, but discussions of the meaning of classical media theories in the new media environment are not enough. Therefore, this study aims to revisit gatekeeping theory through curation, which is a common practice of information delivery in the new media environment. Gatekeeping theory, which presupposes the scarcity of sources and channels, is somewhat shunned in accordance with the belief in a multi-channel environment that increases news accessibility. However, news consumers are actively consuming and reproducing news within their social networks, intervening in the practice of institutional-level gatekeeping and playing as another type of gatekeepers. This study focuses on the curation as a concrete form of gatekeeping of news inmates and theoretically looks at interactions between new media and mass media, new media and human actors, and human actors in the network. This comprehensive discussion could provide one direction for future research in online journalism. 정보통신 기술발달과 미디어환경의 변화에 따라 전통 언론매체인 종이신문과 텔레비전의 이용률은 감소하고, SNS 등 뉴미디어 플랫폼을 중심으로 한 뉴스 소비 경향이뚜렷해지고 있다. 소셜미디어, 온라인 저널리즘, 뉴스의 다채널화 등 저널리즘의 특정한 주제들이 주목받지만 고전적인 언론 모델이 새로운 매체 환경에서 지니는 의미에대한 논의는 미진한 상황이다. 본 연구는 이와 같은 문제의식을 바탕으로 저널리즘 연구의 대표적 이론인 게이트키핑을 뉴미디어의 보편적인 정보 전달 방식인 큐레이션을통해 재해석해보고자 한다. 소수의 정보원과 채널의 희소성을 상정하는 게이트키핑 이론은 뉴스 접근성을 높이는 다채널 환경에 대한 믿음을 기반으로 외면 받고 있는 것이사실이다. 그러나 뉴미디어 환경의 뉴스 수용자들은 자신의 네트워크 내에서 적극적으로 뉴스를 소비하고 재생산함으로써 제도권의 게이트키핑 실천에 개입하는 한편, 또다른 게이트키퍼의 역할을 수행하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 뉴스 수용자 게이트키핑의구체적인 실천 형식으로서의 큐레이션에 주목하고, 이를 가능하게 한 뉴미디어와 매스미디어, 뉴미디어와 인간 행위자, 그리고 네트워크 내 인간 행위자들 간 상호작용을이론적으로 살펴보았다. 이러한 통합적 논의를 통해 향후 온라인 저널리즘 연구에 하나의 방향성을 제시하고자 한다.