中国小微企业简易重整程序的构建

袁梓旋 한국채무자회생법학회 2023 회생법학 Vol.27 No.-

中国小微企业近年来发展迅速,已然成为吸纳社会就业的主体,为中国的经济发展增添了巨大的活力,成为中国市场经济中不可或缺的重要一环。同大型企业相较,中小企业具有运营规模较小、组织结构相对灵活的优势,但也存在着体量小、资本不足、市场份额小、经营环境差,融资能力弱等诸多的劣势。中国破产法中的重整制度是在借鉴美国破产法第 11 章的基础上以大公司重整为预设背景制定的,与中小企业存在明显的不适配性。自 2018 年以来,中国各地法院在积极探索简易化的审理机制,在前述背景下,可以得出建立中国的中小企业简易重整制度的必要性。对中国中小企业实现有效重整,通过简易程序来为中小企业节约成本,更好地保护中小企业的发展,才能更充分地发挥中小企业促进就业、提高收入水平、促进社会经济健康发展的功能。 在破产重整制度下设置区别化的简易重整制度、明确界定中小企业的范围、增加适用主体范围、降低中小企业的重整成本、简化调查和申请方式、提高重整草案的获批率等。构建中国小微企业简易重整制度不是简单的简化程序环节,而应是在实体和程序两方面做到治理结构一体化的全面简易性。明确简易重整制度适用的企业范围并完善具体的重整程序,建立中小企业重整的价值识别机制。通过制度衔接最大程度的实现制度的简易性。 Small and micro enterprises in China have developed rapidly in recent years, and have become the main body to absorb social employment, adding great vitality to China's economic development and becoming an indispensable part of China's market economy. Compared with large enterprises, small and medium-sized enterprises have the advantages of smaller operation scale and relatively flexible organizational structure, but they also have many disadvantages such as small size, insufficient capital, small market share, poor operating environment and weak financing ability. The reorganization system in China Bankruptcy Law is based on Chapter 11 of American Bankruptcy Law, and it is obviously unsuitable for small and medium-sized enterprises. Since 2018, courts all over China have been actively exploring simplified trial mechanism. Under the above background, it is necessary to establish a simplified reorganization system for small and medium-sized enterprises in China. Only by effectively reorganizing small and medium-sized enterprises in China, saving costs for small and medium-sized enterprises through simple procedures and better protecting the development of small and medium-sized enterprises can they give full play to their functions of promoting employment, raising income level and promoting healthy social and economic development. Under the bankruptcy reorganization system, we should set up a differentiated simple reorganization system, clearly define the scope of small and medium-sized enterprises, increase the scope of applicable subjects, reduce the reorganization cost of small and medium-sized enterprises, simplify the investigation and application methods, and improve the approval rate of the reorganization draft. Building a simple reorganization system for small and micro enterprises in China is not a simple simplification of procedures, but a comprehensive and simple integration of governance structure in both entities and procedures. Clarify the scope of enterprises to which the simple reorganization system applies, improve the specific reorganization procedures, and establish a value recognition mechanism for the reorganization of small and medium-sized enterprises. Realize the simplicity of the system to the greatest extent through the convergence of the system.

내부 기고 - 제6기 KAPE 주니어보드를 마치며_…

원재선,Won, Jae-Seon 축산물품질평가원 2016 KAPE누리 Vol.235 No.-

互联网平台交易的法律责任规范

袁梓旋 한중사회과학학회 2023 한중사회과학연구 Vol.21 No.4

At present, disputes in the field of Internet public welfare mainly involve aspects such as network public order, personal information protection, cyberspace purification and network system security, including illegal acts carried out by Internet platforms using algorithms, such as “big data to kill familiarity”, “platform binary choice” and algorithm collusion, etc., which pose a danger to the order of Internet space and social public interests. At the level of legal liability, China’s platform liability system has shifted to a more stringent “subject responsibility” paradigm. However, this kind of liability is not a traditional legal concept, and its nature is roughly similar to theoretical role liability, and its content is superimposed on ex ante control liability and ex post strict liability. With the strengthening of platform capabilities, platform responsibilities are further refined. The Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China draws on the “safe harbor rule” and “red flag rule” stipulated in the Digital Millennium Copyright Act of the United States, and formulates the “notification rule” of Article 1195, paragraph 2, and the “know rule” of Article 1197. Chinese academics call the above provisions the indirect infringement liability norms for online platforms. However, in tort law, the legal basis of online platforms and the “should know” in Article 1197 of the Civil Code impose to a certain extent the obligation of active prior review of the content posted by users, thus conflicting with the “notice-takedown” rule in Article 1195, paragraph 2, and such prior review obligations can be applied in the “should know” of Article 1197 of the Civil Code, thus becoming the basis for online platforms to bear private law liabilities. Although the issue of platform responsibility is becoming more and more complex, but the basic principles have not changed, platform governance obligations have become inevitable, through the research on the content of clear platform responsibility and platform power, this paper hopes to deeply explore the diversified governance model of platform autonomy norms and responsibility norms in China and South Korea, so as to realize the effective linkage of two-dimensional norms in the management and operation of Internet platforms.

단일 전력단 고주파 공진 인버터 링크형 DC-DC 컨버터의 특성해석에 관한 연구

원재선,박재욱,서철식,조규판,정도영,김동희,Won, Jae-Sun,Park, Jae-Wook,Seo, Cheol-Sik,Cho, Gyu-Pan,Jung, Do-Young,Kim, Dong-Hee 한국조명전기설비학회 2006 조명·전기설비학회논문지 Vol.20 No.2

본 논문에서는 고역률을 가지고 영전압 스위칭으로 동작되는 새로운 단일 전력단 고주파 공진 인버터 링크형 DC-DC 컨버터 회로에 관하여 기술하고 있다. 제안된 토폴로지는 역률 교정기로써 하프 브리지형 부스트 컨버터와 하프 브리지 고주파 공진 컨버터를 단일 전력단으로 일체화 시켰다. 역률 보상용 부스트 컨버터의 부스트 인덕터 전류를 가변 스위칭 주파수와 일정 듀티비를 가지고 불연속 전류 모드(DCM)로 동작시킴으로써 부가적인 입력 전류제어기 없이 높은 입력 역률을 얻을 수 있다. 또 제안한 토폴로지의 이론해석을 무차원화 파라미터를 도입하여 범용성 있게 하여 회로 설계 전단계에서 필요한 특성값을 도식적으로 표현하다. 첨가해, 제안한 토폴로지의 상용화 가능성과 이론해석의 정당성을 입증하기 위해 스위칭 소자로 Power-MOSFET IRF 740을 제안회로 토폴로지의 스위칭 소자로 채용해 실험 장치를 구성하여 검토를 행하였다. 제안된 컨버터는 향후 통신용 DC/DC 컨버터의 전원장치, 방전등용 진원장치 등의 전원시스템에 유용히 사용될 것으로 사료된다. This paper presents a novel single-stage high frequency resonant inverter link type DC-DC converter using zero voltage switching with high power-factor. The proposed topology is integrated half-bridge boost rectifier as power factor corrector(PFC) and half-bridge high frequency resonant converter into a single-stage. The input stage of the half-bridge boost rectifier works in discontinuous conduction mode(DCM) with constant duty cycle and variable switching frequency. So that a boost converter makes the line current follow naturally the sinusoidal line voltage waveform. Simulation results have demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed high frequency resonant converter. Characteristics values based on characteristics analysis through circuit analysis is given as basis data in design procedure. Also, experimental results are presented to verify theoretical discussion. This proposed inverter will be able to be practically used as a power supply in various fields as induction heating applications, fluorescent lamp and DC-DC converter etc.

동시대의 스튜디오 장신구에 나타나는 특징 연구 - CMF 핵심요소를 중심으로 -

원재선,서진환 한국기초조형학회 2020 기초조형학연구 Vol.21 No.2

Studio jewelry, which is reinterpreting various materials and techniques and reflecting the contemporary times, has grown into an artistic expression medium containing the philosophy of the artist. Recently, it has been seeking ways for emotional communication with the public. In this flow, in the field of studio jewelry, as well as emotional empathy with the wearer, jewelry that applies colors, materials, and finishes, which are the core elements of the CMF, is being developed in the design field as part of expanding the value of the jewelry. Hereupon, the purpose of this study is to confirm the new identity of contemporary studio jewelry through the case analysis of jewelry using CMF elements and to suggest the possibility of multiple uses of CMF. First of all, the concept of CMF and the case of design application were examined and the value of CMF was verified through this. Based on this, the theoretical considerations on studio jewelry and trend analysis showed that various applications of CMF elements were found in the jewelry field. The result is as follows. First, by expressing the visual sensibility through visual effects, various and beautiful colors are realized on the metal surface by using advanced coloring technology. Second, the use of new materials beyond material values freely expressed the form of the jewelry to build a new molding method, maximizing the touch felt through the material. Third, the unique surface finishing technique shared new experiences through visual and tactile sensory stimulation of the wearer based on the memory of raw materials. Based on this, it was possible to confirm the new trend of applying CMF in the studio jewelry representing contemporary. This study is expected to be helpful as a foundation for popularization and expansion of emotional communication through more active use of CMF in the field of studio jewelry. 다양한 재료나 기법을 재해석하고 동시대를 반영하며 변화하고 있는 스튜디오 장신구는 작가의 철학을 담은 예술적 표현 매체로 성장하였으며, 최근에는 보다 많은 대중과의 감성 소통을 위한 방안을 모색하고 있다. 이러한 흐름 속에서 착용자와의 정서적 공감과 더불어 장신구의 가치를 확대하기 위한일환으로 디자인 분야에서 활용되고 있는 CMF의 핵심요소인 색채, 재료, 마감을 적용한 스튜디오 장신구가 전개되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 CMF 요소를 활용한 장신구의 사례분석을 통하여 동시대에 나타나는 스튜디오 장신구의 새로운 정체성을 확인하고, CMF의 다각적 활용이 가능함을 제시하는 데목적이 있다. 우선 CMF의 개념과 디자인 적용사례에 대해 알아보고 이를 통해서 CMF의 활용 가치를확인하였다. 이를 바탕으로 스튜디오 장신구에 대한 이론적 고찰과 더불어 경향 분석을 통해서 장신구분야에서 CMF 요소의 다양한 활용을 확인할 수 있었다. 도출된 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 첨단 착색기술의 적용으로 금속 표면에 다양하고 미려한 색채를 구현하여 가시적 효과를 통한 시각적 감성을표현하였다. 둘째, 물질적 가치를 넘어서는 신소재의 사용은 장신구의 형태를 자유롭게 표현하여 새로운 조형방식을 구축하였으며, 재료를 통해 느껴지는 촉감을 극대화하였다. 셋째, 독창적인 표면 마감기법은 원재료가 가지고 있는 기억을 기반으로 착용자의 시각적·촉각적인 감각자극을 통한 새로운 경험을 공유하였다. 이를 토대로 동시대를 대표하는 스튜디오 장신구에서 CMF를 적용한 새로운 흐름을확인 할 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해서 스튜디오 장신구 분야에서 보다 적극적인 CMF 활용을 통한 감성소통의 확장과 더불어 대중화를 위한 기반을 마련할 수 있기를 기대한다.

노리개의 현대화를 위한 디자인 연구 : 한옥의 특징을 중심으로

원재선 한국상품문화디자인학회 2022 상품문화디자인학연구 Vol.70 No.-

This paper reinterprets the traditional Korean jewelry of norigae in a contemporary way, using the architectural elements of hanok. Contemporary jewelry has expanded its role by accepting various media and technologies and has established itself as an independent field in plastic arts. However, the norigae remains in the existing traditional form due to its unchanging design and use, and is not often worn in daily life. As a result, its role as a piece of jewelry has gradually decreased. Considering the historical and cultural value of the norigae, it is worth being explored and developed further, but the efforts to develop it according to today’s trend are still insufficient. Therefore, this study aims to seek for a new expression direction to design the norigae by utilizing new materials and technologies on the basis of its unique history and meaning. For this, we have examined the composition of the norigae and characteristics of its shape, and unfolded changes of its form and function in its principal design (the main decorative part of the norigae). For the sake of the principal design of the norigae, we paid attention to the external elements and internal meanings of hanok where traditional Korean beauty is inherent, and used lines of its windows and empty spaces in its yards as motifs. The results of the study are as follows. First, the principal design of the norigae that can be separated from the norigae can continue to be worn as a brooch on modern clothes after a wedding ceremony. Thus, it can continue to play a role of jewelry. Second, the norigae to which the esthetic elements of traditional hanok applies realizes the contemporization of tradition in terms of the enjoyment of culture. Third, the design reflecting the spirit that the emptiness of hanok implies is expressed in the form of an open space in the principal design of the norigae, showing the beauty in the emptiness of hanok. On the basis of the results of the research, it is hoped that the design for the contemporization of the norigae will be continuously studied. 본 논문은 우리나라의 전통 장신구인 노리개를 한옥의 건축 요소를 활용하여 현대적으로 재해석한 디자인 연구 논문이다. 현대장신구는 다양한 매체와 기술의 수용으로 역할을 확장하여 독립적인 조형 예술의 한 분야로 자리매김하고 있다. 그러나 노리개는 변함없는 디자인과 쓰임으로 기존의 전통적인 형식에 머물며 일상에서의 착용이 제한되었으며, 그 결과 장신구로서의 역할이 점차 줄어들게 되었다. 노리개의 역사와 문화적 역할을 고려해 봤을 때, 노리개는 지속적으로 탐구하고발전해야 할 가치가 있음에도 불구하고 이를 동시대에 맞게 개발하려는 노력은 아직 미흡한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 전통 노리개 고유의 역사와 의미를 바탕으로 동시대적 재료와 기술을 활용하여, 노리개의 역할 확장을 통한 새로운 디자인표현 방향을 모색하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구 방법은 노리개의 구성과 그 형태적 특징을 고찰하여, 주 장식인 주체 디자인의 조형적, 기능적 변화를 전개하였다. 주체 디자인은 동양의 아름다움을 내재한 한옥의 외적 요소와 내적 의미에 주목하여, 창을 구성하는 조형 요소인 선과 마당에 내재한 여백을 모티브로 활용하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 노리개로부터분리가 가능한 주체는 혼례 이후 현대 의복에 지속적으로 브로치로 착용이 가능하여 현대화 된 장신구의 역할을 지속할 수있다. 둘째, 전통 한옥의 조형적 요소를 디자인에 접목한 노리개는 문화의 향유를 바탕으로 전통의 현대화를 실현한다. 셋째, 한옥 고유의 비움에 대한 정신성을 반영한 디자인은 노리개의 주체에 열린 공간의 형태로 발현되어 동양의 여백의 미를 보여준다. 이러한 연구 결과를 토대로 앞으로 노리개의 현대화를 위한 디자인이 지속적으로 연구되기를 바란다.

급성기 안면마비 (Bell's palsy) 환자의 예후 및 치료율에 대한 임상고찰 80례

원재선,주경옥,조아름,김지현,김창환,Won, Jae-Sun,Chou, Ching-Yu,Cho, Ah-Reum,Kim, Ji-Hyun,Kim, Chang-Hwan 대한한방안이비인후피부과학회 2010 한방안이비인후피부과학회지 Vol.23 No.2

Objective : Bell's palsy is common and has many clinic study. but bell's palsy prognosis is not enough specific. So this study was evaluated bell's palsy prognosis, treatment number, sequela of normal group and bad prognosis group. Methods : From June 2009 to June 2010, patients who visited Dong-seo Oriental Medicine ENT. A clinic study was done on patient who were diagnosed bell's palsy, onset 2weeks within when first visited OPD and treated 3 times over in Dong-seo Oriental Medicine Cental. To evaluate grade of paralysis, House-Brackman Scale was used. We classified treatment numbers of each HB-Scale group, normal gIVroup and bad prognosis group. Results : The distribution of Onset HB-Scale : Gr II 26.25%, Gr III 67.5%, Gr IV 6.25% Onset HB-Scale Gr II patients completely recover 100% Onset HB-Scale Gr III patients completely recover 64.8%, improved 27.8%, nothing change 7.4% Onset HB-Scale Gr IV patients completely recover 40%, improved 60% Onset HB-Scale Gr II & IV patients recovery percentage make no difference of normal group (Group A) and bad prognosis. Onset HB-Scale Gr III patients completely recover Group A 66.7%, Group B 52.9%, improved Group A 23.2%, Group 35.3%, noting change Group A 5.1%, Group B 11.8% Onset HB-Scale Gr II patients has no sequela. Onset HB-Scale Gr III & IV patients has tendency that they treat more times, more improving and less sequela probability Conclusion : Onset HB-Scale is the indicator of acute bell's palsy prognosis.

PSIM을 이용한 전원 시스템 설계

원재선,김희승 전력전자학회 2014 전력전자학회지 Vol.19 No.1

医疗人工智能算法的法律规制识别

袁梓旋 원광대학교 법학연구소 2023 의생명과학과 법 Vol.30 No.-

医疗人工智能算法应用过程中存在诊疗活动自主性受限、诊疗过程透明性匮乏、医疗算法偏见性诱导以及安全性缺失风险。在风险防治过程中出现了传统监管缺陷、主体资格界定模糊、算法权力控制失衡、责任主体追溯难等现实挑战,迫切需要运用法律手段予以纾解。基于对法律体系完整性和医疗应用场景的特殊性。本文对医疗人工智能算法的规制研究以算法规制为视角,基于人工智能算法发展现状,将医疗人工智能算法视为产品,对医疗人工智能的应用发展提供方向性指引。医疗人工智能最终能否实现科技向善将受到多种因素影响,法律在其中的作用集中于预防、控制或避免算法风险对患者权利,医疗人工智能算法使用时,研发设计者需要对医疗数据的规范性和医疗算法产品运行的安全性进行审查并承担侵权责任,以确保医疗算法的安全可靠。对于医疗人工智能算法风险的有效防治,需要厘清医疗人工智能算法风险防治的困境,以便精准施策。本文认为,我国医疗人工智能算法规制立法应当以患者权利保障为核心。立法应当选择在保持立法的完整性和体系性的基础上,针对算法风险,将算法规制的相关内容在已有的患者权利保障和算法规制相关的立法当中进行完善,从而促进人工智能算法在医疗领域良性发展。 In the application of medical artificial intelligence algorithm, there are risks such as limited autonomy of diagnosis and treatment activities, lack of transparency in diagnosis and treatment process, biased induction of medical algorithm and lack of security. In the process of risk prevention, there are some practical challenges, such as the defects of traditional supervision, the vague definition of subject qualification, the imbalance of algorithmic power control, and the difficulty in tracing the responsible subject, which urgently need to be relieved by legal means. Based on the integrity of the legal system and the particularity of medical application scenarios. This paper studies the regulation of medical artificial intelligence algorithm from the perspective of algorithm regulation. Based on the development status of artificial intelligence algorithm, it regards medical artificial intelligence algorithm as a product and provides directional guidance for the application and development of medical artificial intelligence. Whether the medical artificial intelligence can finally realize the improvement of science and technology will be affected by many factors. The role of law in it focuses on preventing, controlling or avoiding the algorithm risks to patients' rights. When using the medical artificial intelligence algorithm, the R&D designer needs to review the standardization of medical data and the safety of medical algorithm products and bear the tort liability to ensure the safety and reliability of medical algorithms. For the effective prevention and control of medical artificial intelligence algorithm risk, it is necessary to clarify the dilemma of medical artificial intelligence algorithm risk prevention and control in order to make accurate policies. This paper holds that the legislation of medical artificial intelligence algorithm regulation in China should focus on the protection of patients' rights. Legislation should choose to improve the relevant content of algorithm regulation in the existing legislation related to patient rights protection and algorithm regulation on the basis of maintaining the integrity and systematization of legislation, so as to promote the benign development of artificial intelligence algorithm in the medical field.

정합용 변압기를 고려한 ZVS-FB형 고주파 공진 인버터에 관한 연구

원재선,김종해,김동희,정도영,이상호,이봉섭 영남대학교 공업기술연구소 1999 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.27 No.1

In this paper, a theoretical analysis of zero-voltage-switching inverter with each capacitor in parallel with each switching device is presented along with experimental results. The proposed inverter offers both zero turn-on and zero turn-off switching losses, yielding high efficiency at high frequencies. In addition, the soft switching method reduces switching noise associated with the high frequency ringing and high voltage stress at the switching instants. Also, the equivalent circuit of a matching transformer converted primary to secondary side and normalized parameter for generally description are introduced to the estimation of the proposed circuit. A 1KW class-D inverter was built and tested. The theoretical results are in good agreement with the experimental ones. ZVS can be achieved above the resonant frequency and in a limited range of the load resistance. The proposed circuit is considered to be useful for induction heating applications.