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오태원,이원영,신상영 대한전자공학회 1997 電子工學會論文誌, D Vol.d34 No.11
a wavelength division multiplexer based on a polymeric arrayed-waveguide grating has been designed and fabricated. A 4-channel multiplexer with a spacing of 3.2 nm is designe dby using te 2-dimensional beam propagation method. A UV-curable epoxy, NOA73, is used for the core layer, and a passive polymer, PMMA, for the cladding layer. The polymer waveguides are fabricated by the reactive ion etching method and their optical properties are characterized. The fabricted device has a center wavelength of 1548.3 nm, and the wavelength spacing between the channels is 3.2nm. The measured crosstalk is better than -18dB.
VR의 특징으로 본 R. 에스테스의 하이퍼리얼리즘 연구
오태원 한국일러스아트학회 2021 조형미디어학 Vol.24 No.1
VR is becoming a practical and popular medium for many people in various arts fields. In this study, the boundary between the virtual and the real that is realized in the virtual technology of VR, and the features of hyper-realism that are very similar to those in which the features of hyperrealism art that cause an illusion are viewed as more real than the real are the features of VR. In comparison with the characteristics, it was more noted that it has a homogeneous phenomenon within the keywords of virtual and real. Among them, the works of Richard (hereinafter R.) Estes, a representative of hyperrealistic paintings, are more realistic than actual photographs, and were based on photographs, but they exist as a recombination technique of images that break down the traditional technique of'reproduction' of photographs. It creates a new virtual space, not real, by mixing the places in the picture. This study derives the relationship between the virtual and the real boundary with VR at this point, and although it seems more real than the real one, the hyperrealism of R. Estes, which makes you immediately immerse yourself in the image, which is a virtual space, is in the present era. It was judged that the characteristics were very similar when compared to the art and technology of the Korean War. Therefore, this study analyzes the characteristics of early hyperrealistic works and especially R. Estes' works based on the features of VR, and through this, re-examines the possibility of seeing R. Estes' hyperrealism as post-hyperrealism. VR은 여러 예술분야에서 많은 사람들에게 실용적이고 대중적인 매체가 되고 있다. 본 연구는 VR의 가상기술에서 구현시키는 가상과 실재의 경계와 실재보다 더 실재로 보여 착각을 일으키는 하이퍼리얼리즘 예술의 특징이 시대적 차이를 막론하고도 매우 유사한 점이 있는 부분과 하이퍼리얼리즘의 특징을 VR의 특징과 비교했을 때 가상과 실재라는 키워드 안에서 동질의 현상을 지니고 있다는 점에 더욱 주목하였다. 그 중 하이퍼리얼리즘 회화의 대표적인 리처드(이하 R.) 에스테스의 작품들은 실제 사진보다 더 실제 같은 회화들이며, 사진을 기반으로 하였으나, 사진의 ‘재현’이라는 전통적인 기법을 허물어버리는 이미지들의 재조합 기법으로 실제 존재하는 사진 속 장소들을 뒤섞어 실재가 아닌 가상의 공간을 새롭게 만들어낸다. 본 연구는 이지점에서 VR과의 가상과 실재의 경계에 대한 연관성을 도출하였고, 실재보다 더 실재 같지만, 사실은 가상의 공간인 이미지에 의해 즉각적으로 몰입하게 하는 R. 에스테스의 하이퍼리얼리즘이 지금시대의 예술과 기술로 견주어 볼 때 그 특징들이 매우 흡사하다고 판단되었다. 따라서 본 연구는 VR의 특징을 기반으로 초기 하이퍼리얼리즘 작품들과 특히 R. 에스테스의 작품들의 특징을 분석하고, 이를 통해 R. 에스테스의 하이퍼리얼리즘을 포스트-하이퍼리얼리즘으로 볼 수 있는 일련의 가능성으로 재조명하고자한다.
오태원,조동관 한국인터넷윤리학회 2019 The Digital Ethics(디지털 윤리) Vol.3 No.1
Tort in the Digital Community may come from side-effects of Hyper Connected Society during ongoing 4th Industrial Revolution. We explain Multi-national efforts for responding side-effects of the Hyper Connected Society and Digital Citizenship’s definition of UNESCO. We also try to define the Digital Community which is not formed in academic notions as well as the target of penal provisions. Especially, we generally review our legislation for penal provisions for responding torts in the Digital Community and assume that our penality have enough categories and high level for responding that torts. Alternatively, legislative examples of U.K. and Australia are proposed as the conclusion of this paper.
오태원 한국인터넷윤리학회 2020 The Digital Ethics(디지털 윤리) Vol.4 No.2
The need for non-discrimination in artificial intelligence was not much noticed in the early stages of artificial intelligence development, but it emerged as an important issue as early artificial intelligence based on biased data produced discriminative results. Although there is a mixture of anti-discrimination and engagement policies, non-discrimination is considered a very important issue in the recently announced artificial intelligence ethics compared to the early artificial intelligence ethics. Remarkably, European Union forms a regulatory framework that leads to the “Artificial Intelligence White Paper”, “Artificial Intelligence Ethics Guidelines”, and “Assessment List” regarding artificial intelligence ethics. In Korea, legal norms, ethical guidelines, and assessments related to artificial intelligence ethics need to form a framework for new disciplines that are organically connected. Unfortunately, there is no law in Korea that states the principle of non-discrimination in relation to artificial intelligence, but the "Basic Law on Intelligence Informatization" can be considered as the closest law. First of all, legal regulations that declare basic principles related to artificial intelligence will be needed. In conjunction with this, we can think of ways to create ethical guidelines for the prevention of discrimination in artificial intelligence systems and to create assessment criteria in stages to define specific requirements.