울산지역 대기오염과 알레르기 비염 유병률과의 관계

오인보,이지호,심창선,김양호,유철인,Oh, In-Bo,Lee, Ji-Ho,Sim, Chang-Sun,Kim, Yang-Ho,Yoo, Cheol-In 한국환경보건학회 2010 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.36 No.6

This study aims to investigate the relationship between air pollution exposure and the prevalence of allergic rhinitis in a young population in the Ulsan metropolitan region (UMR). Data on physician-diagnosed allergic rhinitis (past 12 months) in 1,449 infants and children aged 1-18 years who lived within 1.5 or 2 km of air quality monitoring sites were collected in a cross-sectional health interview survey conducted between January-February 2006 in the UMR. Comparisons of the spatial distribution of the prevalence rates for allergic rhinitis and annual average pollutant concentrations over the region showed that a relatively high prevalence rate occurred around the coastal industrial area, with high PM10 concentrations. A linear correlation analysis demonstrated a positive correlation relationship between them (R = 0.680, p = 0.04). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the combined effect of the PM10 and $SO_2$ variables accounts for approximately 81% of the variance (R-square: 0.81) in the prevalence rate. From the multiple logistic regression analysis after adjustment by age, sex, and air-pollutant factors, the PM10 and $SO_2$ which were mainly from industrialrelated emissions were found to be significantly associated with an increased risk of allergic rhinitis (aOR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.15-2.70 for PM10 ; aOR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.12-2.35 for SO2).

울산지역 초등학생 알레르기 질환 유병률: 지역적 차이와 환경위험인자

오인보,김양호,심창선,이지호,Oh, In-Bo,Kim, Yangho,Sim, Chang Sun,Lee, Ji Ho 한국환경보건학회 2012 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.38 No.6

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the AD (allergic diseases: asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis) prevalence among elementary schoolchildren in an industrial city, Ulsan, and identify major environmental risk factors associated with AD prevalence. Methods: Data on the physician-diagnosed prevalence over the past 12 months and potential risk factors of AD were collected through a questionnaire from a 2009-2010 survey of 4,067 schoolchildren living in different urban environments. The logistic regression analysis was performed to assess differences in AD prevalence among the areas and to determine which environmental factors impacted AD. Results: Our survey results showed that the AD prevalence rate ranged between 26.2% and 35.9%. Children living in polluted areas (near industrial and central urban areas) had about a 10% higher prevalence of AD than did those living in coastal or suburban residences. The Chi-Square test demonstrated that this local difference was statistically significant before and after adjustment of major confounders such as parental AD history and parental education. The results of the logistic regression analysis showed a statistically significant association between several environmental factors (ventilation in winter, odor conditions and exposure to traffic smoke, and outdoor $PM_{10}/O_3$ pollution) and the prevalence of AD found by multivariate model after adjusting confounders. Conclusion: These results suggest that local differences in AD prevalence are significantly associated with outdoor environmental factors. Although there are likely to be other risk factors for AD, living in a polluted area and exposure to high levels of air pollutants can contribute to an increased risk of childhood AD.

연구논문 : CMAQ 모델의 화학메커니즘(SAPRC99, CB05) 적용에 따른 수도권 오존농도 모의결과 비교

강윤희 ( Yoon Hee Kang ),오인보 ( In Bo Oh1 ),정주희 ( Ju Hee Jeong ),방진희 ( Jin Hee Bang ),김유근 ( Yoo Keun Kim ),김순태 ( Soon Tae Kim ),김은혜 ( Eun Hye Kim ),홍지형 ( Ji Hyung Hong ),이대균 ( Dae Gyun Lee ) 한국환경과학회 2016 한국환경과학회지 Vol.25 No.1

A comparison of ozone simulations in the seoul metropolitan region (SMR) using the community multiscale air quality (CMAQ) model with SAPRC99 and CB05 chemical mechanisms (i.e. EXP-SP99 and EXP-CB05) has been conducted during four seasons of 2012. The model results showed that the differences in average ozone concentrations between the EXP-SP99 and EXP-CB05 were found to be large in summer, but very small in the other seasons. This can be attributed that the SAPRC99 tends to produce more ozone than the CB05 in urban area like the SMR with low VOC/NOx ratio under high ozone conditions. Through quantitative comparison between two mechanisms for the summer, it was found that the average ozone concentrations from the EXP-SP99 were about 3 ppb higher than those from the EXP-CB05 and agreed well with the observations. Horizontal differences in ozone concentrations between SAPRC99 and CB05 showed that significant differences were found in southern part of the SMR and over the sea near the coast in summer.

한국 소아의 알레르기비염 역학

황선혜 ( Sun Hye Hwang ),정숙영 ( Sook Young Jung ),임대현 ( Dae Hyun Lim ),손병관 ( Byong Kwan Son ),김정희 ( Jeong Hee Kim ),양준모 ( Jun Mo Yang ),오인보 ( In Bo Oh ),김양호 ( Yang Ho Kim ),이지호 ( Ji Ho Lee ),이근화 ( Keun Hw 대한소아알레르기호흡기학회 1991 소아알레르기 및 호흡기학회지 Vol.1 No.4

Purpose: The diagnosis of allergic rhinitis (AR) is based upon the concordance between a history of allergic symptoms and diagnostic tests. This study is to investigate the epidemiology of AR by using data from National Health Insurance Corporation (NHIC) and data according to the AR definition in general students health screening. Methods: We examined medical insurance claims data of NHIC from 2004 to 2010 according to age, area, and gender. We investigated the results of Korean International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaires and skin prick tests of 14,133 students participated in health screening from 2010 to 2012. Results: The prevalence of AR according to the NHIC data was elementary school students (24.34%); middle school students (13.75%) and high school students (12.17%). The prevalence of AR was higher in boy than in girl, annually. In health screening, the prevalence of AR was elementary school students (19.50%±0.26); middle school students (23.19%±0.30) and high school students (24.11%±0.31). The prevalence of AR had peaking at the age late teens (P<0.0001) and was higher in boy (26.49%±0.38) than in girl (17.43%±0.35) (P<0.0001). Sensitization rate of allergen in students with AR was house dust mite (86.71%±0.48); pollen (41.26%±1.01) and molds (14.80%±0.52). Conclusion: The prevalence according to the AR definition tended to be increased with aging in Korean children. There are some differences in the prevalence of AR in the data of NHIC and health screening study. Further investigation will be needed to reveal the causes of this difference. (Allergy Asthma Respir Dis 2013;1:321-332)

한국 소아의 알레르기비염 역학

황선혜 ( Sun Hye Hwang ),정숙영 ( Sook Young Jung ),임대현 ( Dae Hyun Lim ),손병관 ( Byong Kwan Son ),김정희 ( Jeong Hee Kim ),양준모 ( Jun-mo Yang ),오인보 ( In Bo Oh ),김양호 ( Yang Ho Kim ),이지호 ( Ji Ho Lee ),이근화 ( Keun Hw 대한천식알레르기학회 2013 Allergy Asthma & Respiratory Disease Vol.1 No.4

Purpose: The diagnosis of allergic rhinitis (AR) is based upon the concordance between a history of allergic symptoms and diagnostic tests. This study is to investigate the epidemiology of AR by using data from National Health Insurance Corporation (NHIC) and data according to the AR definition in general students health screening. Methods: We examined medical insurance claims data of NHIC from 2004 to 2010 according to age, area, and gender. We investigated the results of Korean International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaires and skin prick tests of 14,133 students participated in health screening from 2010 to 2012. Results: The prevalence of AR according to the NHIC data was elementary school students (24.34%); middle school students (13.75%) and high school students (12.17%). The prevalence of AR was higher in boy than in girl, annually. In health screening, the prevalence of AR was elementary school students (19.50%±0.26); middle school students (23.19%±0.30) and high school students (24.11%±0.31). The prevalence of AR had peaking at the age late teens (P<0.0001) and was higher in boy (26.49%±0.38) than in girl (17.43%±0.35) (P<0.0001). Sensitization rate of allergen in students with AR was house dust mite (86.71%±0.48); pollen (41.26%±1.01) and molds (14.80%±0.52). Conclusion: The prevalence according to the AR definition tended to be increased with aging in Korean children. There are some differences in the prevalence of AR in the data of NHIC and health screening study. Further investigation will be needed to reveal the causes of this difference.

수도권지역 도시화가 국지기상에 미치는 영향 모델링

강윤희 ( Yoon Hee Kang ),김유근 ( Yoo Keun Kim ),오인보 ( In Bo Oh ),황미경 ( Mi Kyoung Hwang ),송상근 ( Sang Keun Song ) 한국환경과학회 2010 한국환경과학회지 Vol.19 No.12

The impact of urbanization on local meteorology (e.g., surface temperature, PBL height, wind speed, etc.) in the Greater Seoul Area (GSA) was quantitatively evaluated based on a numerical modeling approach during a 1-month period of 2001 (9 Sep. through 8 Oct. 2001). The analysis was carried out by two sets of simulation scenarios: (1) with the global land use and topographic data from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in 1990s (i.e., LU-USGS case) and (2) with the land use data from the Environmental Geographic Information System (EGIS) along with the 3 sec elevation data from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) in 2000s (i.e., LU-EGIS case). The extension of urban areas in the GSA (especially, the southern parts of Seoul) accounted for 1.8% in the LU-USGS case and 6.2% in the LU-EGIS case. For the simulations, the surface temperature and PBL height due to urbanization in the LU-EGIS case was higher (the differences of up to 0.1 ℃ and 36 m, respectively) than those in the LU-USGS case, whereas the wind speed (up to 0.3 ms -1 ) in the former was lower than that in the latter at 1500 LST. The increase in surface temperature due to urbanization in the GSA (especially, the southern parts of Seoul) was led to the strong convergence of air masses, causing the early sea breeze and its rapid propagation to inland locations. In addition, the vertical mixing motion in the extended urban areas for the LU-EGIS case was predicted to be stronger than that for the LU-USGS case and vice versa for the original urban areas.

서울지역 연직 오존 분포 : 2003년 6월 6~9일 오존존데 관측

황미경(Mi-Kyoung Hwang),김유근(Yoo-Keun Kim),오인보(In-Bo Oh),송상근(Sang-Keun Song),임윤규(Yun-Kyu Lim) 한국대기환경학회 2008 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.24 No.2

오존 농도와 기상 인자의 연직관측을 수행하여 오존분포와 하부 대기구조와의 관계를 분석하였다. 관측은 서울 방이동에서 2003년 6월 6~9일에 하루 2회씩(주ㆍ야간) 총 8회에 걸쳐 이루어졌으며, 고도 5㎞ 이내의 관측결과를 중심으로 대기경계층 일변화와 연직 오존농도 변화를 집중분석하였다. 관측 결과, 대기경계층 내 야간안정층 및 혼합층 발달에 따라 큰 오존농도 분포변화를 확인할 수 있었다. 야간에는 안정층 내에서 NO<SUB>x</SUB> 적정반응으로 0에 가까운 낮은 오존농도를 나타내었다. 한편 오후에는 혼합층 내에서 비교적 일정한 오존농도 분포를 나타내며, 대기경계층 상부에서 100 ppb 이상의 최고 농도가 관측되었다. 특히 지표부근 오존농도가 높았던 6월 8일의 관측결과를 통해, 오존의 생성ㆍ소멸과 관련한 국지효과뿐만 아니라 제한된 혼합층 발달이 고농도오존 발생에 중요한 영향을 미침을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 관측 기간 중, 국지규모 이상의 수송효과에 의한 대기경계층 상부의 농도 상승과 종관기류 변화에 따른 수송 효과가 간접적으로 확인되었다. 연직 오존분포 분석에 있어 충분치 않은 관측 자료로 인해 정확한 시간적 변동을 고찰할 수 없는 한계를 보였다. 하지만 본 연구를 통해 서울지역 대기 하층의 오존 분포 변화와 기상학적 특징을 살펴봄으로서 고농도오존 현상의 역학적인 이해를 도울 것으로 생각되며, 관측 결과는 도시 오존제어를 위한 광화학 수치모델링의 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. Variability in vertical ozone and meteorological profiles was measured by 2Z electrochemical concentration cells (ECC) ozonesonde at Bangyi in Seoul (37.52˚N, 127.13˚E) during June 6~9, 2003 in oder to identify the vertical distribution of ozone and its relationship with the lower-atmospheric structure resulted in the high ozone concentrations near the surface. The eight profiles obtained in the early morning and the late afternoon during the study period clearly showed that the substantial change of ozone concentrations in lower atmosphere (~5 ㎞), indicating that it is tightly coupled to the variation of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) structure as well as the background synoptic flow. All profiles observed early in the morning showed very low ozone concentrations near the surface with strong vertical gradients in the nocturnal stable boundary layer due to the photochemical ozone loss caused by surface NO titration under very weak vertical mixing. On the other hand, relatively uniform ozone profiles in the developed mixing layer and the ozone peaks in the upper PBL, were observed in the late afternoon. It was noted that a significant increase in ozone concentrations in the lower atmosphere occurred with the corresponding decrease of the mixing height in the late afternoon on June 8. Ozone in upper layer did not vertically vary much compared to that in PBL but changed significantly on June 6 that was closely associated with the variation of synoptic flows. Interestingly, heavily polluted ozone layers aloft (a maximum value of 115 ppb around 2 ㎞) were formed early in the morning on 6 through 7 June under dominant westerly synoptic flows. This indicates the effects of the transport of pollutants on regional scale and consequently can give a rise to increase the surface ozone concentration by downward mixing processes enhanced in the afternoon.

도시지역 공중화분 농도와 기상조건과의 관계

오인보(In-Bo Oh),김양호(Yangho Kim),최기룡(Kee-Ryong Choi),이지호(Ji Ho Lee) 한국대기환경학회 2013 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.29 No.6

아토피 아동 가정내 집먼지 진드기 농도와 환경요인: 환자 대조군 연구

김성호,박동진,변혜정,이현수,오인보,심창선,김양호,윤충식,Kim, Sung-Ho,Park, Dong-Jin,Byun, Hyae-Jeong,Lee, Hyun-Soo,Oh, In-Bo,Sim, Chang-Sun,Kim, Yang-Ho,Yoon, Chung-Sik 한국환경보건학회 2012 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.38 No.3

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine house dust mite concentrations in living rooms and bedding materials in atopic case-control groups. Methods: Fifty four homes with children suffering atopic diseases as cases and fifty one homes without atopic diseases as controls were selected after diagnosis at three elementary schools in Ulsan City. Dust samples were collected from the living rooms and bedding materials in each home during summer and winter with a vacuum cleaner and analyzed for house dust mites using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Environmental factors and family history were surveyed during sampling. Results: Both species of house dust mite Dermatophagoides farina (Der f 1) and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p 1) were found in all homes. Derf1 concentrations were much higher than Der P1 concentrations, both in atopic homes (1518.9 vs. 27.0 ng/g. dust, respectively) and non-atopic homes (810.8 vs. 44.3 ng/g. dust, respectively). Der f 1 concentrations were significantly higher in the atopic group than in the non-atopic group (atopic: 1518.9 ng/g.dust, non-atopic: 810.8 ng/g.dust, p = 0.035). However, total house dust mite Der p 1 concentrations were significantly higher in the non-atopic group than in the atopic group (atopic: 27.0 ng/g.dust, non-atopic: 44.3 ng/g.dust, p = 0.035). Multiple regression implied that mothers with family history of atopic diseases (OR = 4.79, 95% CI = 1.81-12.69), Der f 1 concentrations (OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.07-2.81), and air freshener use (OR = 4.60, 95% CI = 1.72-12.34) had significant associations with atopic children. Conclusion: House dust mite Der f 1 concentrations were associated with atopic children. This study suggests that parents should reduce house dust mite Der f 1 concentrations through environmental controls.

2009년 7월 22일 부분일식 발생 시 부산지역 기온과 오존농도의 변화 특성

전병일 ( Byung Il Jeon ),오인보 ( In Bo Oh ) 한국환경과학회 2011 한국환경과학회지 Vol.20 No.8

This paper examines the effects of the partial solar eclipse of 22 July 2009 across the Korean peninsular on surface temperature and ozone concentrations in over the Busan metropolitan region (BMR). The observed data in the BMR demonstrated that the solar eclipse phenomenon clearly affects the surface ozone concentration as well as the air temperature. The decrease in temperature ranging from 1.2 to 5.4℃ was observed at 11 meteorological sites during the eclipse as a consequence of the solar radiation decrease. A large temperature drop exceeding 4℃ was observed at most area (8 sites) of the BMR. Significant ozone drop (18∼29 ppb) was also observed during the eclipse mainly due to the decreased efficiency of the photochemical ozone formation. The ozone concentration started to decrease at approximately 1 to 2 hours after the event and reached its minimum value for a half hour to 2 hours after maximum eclipse. The rate of ozone fall ranged between 0.18 and 0.49 ppb/min. The comparison between ozone measurements and the expected values derived from the fitted curve analysis showed that the maximum drop in ozone concentrations occurred at noon or 1 PM and was pronounced at industrial areas.