신종 감염병 유행에 대한 근본 원인과 체계적 대책 - 국내 메르스 사태를 중심으로 -

염호기 건강보험심사평가원 심사평가연구소 2015 HIRA 정책동향 Vol.9 No.5

장티푸스에 합병된 늑막삼출에서 Salmonella균이 분리된 예

염호기,이윤우,김관엽 임상약학사 1992 臨床藥學 Vol.12 No.6

일반연제 발표 : 한국내 다제내성결핵의 치료 성적

염호기,송영수,최수전,이봉춘,김동순 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 1994 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.79 No.-

Effect of Inhaled Tiotropium on Spirometric Parameters in Patients with Tuberculous Destroyed Lung

염호기,박인애 대한결핵및호흡기학회 2014 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.77 No.4

Background: In Korea, patients with destroyed lung due to tuberculosis (TB) account for a significant portion of those affected by chronic pulmonary function impairment. The objective of our research was to evaluate the efficacy of inhaled tiotropium bromidein TB destroyed lung. Methods: We compared the effectiveness of inhaled tiotropium bromide for 2 months between pre- and post-treatment pulmonary function tests performed on 29 patientswith destroyed lung due to TB. Results: The mean age of the total number of patients was 63±9 years, where 15 patients were male. The pre-treatment mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) was 1.02±0.31 L (44.1±16.0% predicted). The pre-treatment mean forced vitalcapacity (FVC) was 1.70±0.54 L (52.2±15.8% predicted). Overall, the change in FEV1% predicted over baseline with tiotropium was 19.5±19.1% (p<0.001). Twentypatients (72%) got better than a 10% increase in FEV1 over baseline with tiotropium,but one patient showed more than a 10% decrease in FEV1. Overall, the change in FVC% predicted over baseline with tiotropium was 18.5±19.9% (p<0.001). Seventeen patients (59%) experienced greater than a 10% increase in FVC over baseline with tiotropium; 12 (41%) patients had stable lung function. Conclusion: The inhaled tiotropium bromide therapy may lead to improve lung functions in patients with TB destroyed lung. However, the long-term effectiveness of this treatment still needs to be further assessed.

한국성인에서의 알레르기질환의 병력과 피부단자시험 양성기준에 관한 연구

염호기,김동순,이상일,전병훈 대한천식알레르기학회 1989 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.9 No.2

There have been many different positive criteria for Skin Prick Test, which had been most commonly used in the diagnosis of allergic diseases including bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis and urticaria to define etiologic antigena Therfore, many confusions and disadvantages have occurred in comparing with the other studies clinically and epidemiologically. We tried to find the relationship between the history of allergic diseases and Prick Test Positivity to house dust and house dust mites(D. farinae, D. pteronyssinus) in Korean adult population. Our data suggest that the wheal size, greater than 50mm or larger than the wheal size to histamine is likely better criteria for Prick Test Positivity.

Safety and Effectiveness of Indacaterol in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients in South Korea

염호기,김학렬,장윤수,신경철,김송,오연목 대한결핵및호흡기학회 2017 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.80 No.1

Background: Inhaled indacaterol (Onbrez Breezhaler), a long-acting β2-agonist, is approved in over 100 countries, including South Korea, as a once-daily bronchodilator for maintenance and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Here, we present an interim analysis of a post-marketing surveillance study conducted to evaluate the real-world safety and effectiveness of indacaterol in the Korean population. Methods: This was an open-label, observational, prospective study in which COPD patients, who were newly prescribed with indacaterol (150 or 300 μg), were evaluated for 12 or 24 weeks. Safety was assessed based on the incidence rates of adverse events (AEs) and serious adverse events (SAEs). Effectiveness was evaluated based on physician’s assessment by considering changes in symptoms and lung function, if the values of forced expiratory volume in 1 second were available. Results: Safety data were analyzed in 1,016 patients of the 1,043 enrolled COPD patients receiving indacaterol, and 784 patients were included for the effectiveness analysis. AEs were reported in 228 (22.44%) patients, while 98 (9.65%) patients reported SAEs. The COPD condition improved in 348 patients (44.4%), while the condition was maintained in 396 patients (50.5%), and only 40 patients (5.1%) exhibited worsening of ailment as compared with baseline. During the treatment period, 90 patients were hospitalized while nine patients died. All deaths were assessed to be not related to the study drug by the investigator. Conclusion: In real-life clinical practice in South Korea, indacaterol was well tolerated in COPD patients, and can be regarded as an effective option for their maintenance treatment.

Gardner 증후군 1예

염호기,한상원,최원충,김관엽,최하진,이혁상,조혜제 대한소화기학회 1989 대한소화기학회 추계학술대회 Vol.1989 No.-

환자안전을 위한 환자확인의 개념과 중요성

염호기 대한의사협회 2015 대한의사협회지 Vol.58 No.2

Patient identification (PI) errors have been one of the most serious global healthcare quality issues for patient safety. Errors in PI are the root causes of many adverse events. Patient identification is the very first International Patient Safety Goal; however the current healthcare system is not culturally or structurally organized for preventing PI errors. The general procedures for the prevention of PI errors include using at least two identifiers, checking of accurate wristbands, standardizing the PI process, and eliminating shortcuts. Standardized protocols such as a good surgical site mark, a surgical checklist, the mandatory ‘time-out’, and the rule of the five rights for safe medication should be applied. For example, the surgical checklists have significantly improved mortality and decreased complications from surgery. During patient interactions, patients should be treated as partners in efforts to prevent all avoidable harm in healthcare. For example, patients should state their identifiers rather than be asked to confirm their identifiers. All healthcare professionals should receive training in patient safety concepts and strategies to enhance patient participation. For the future prevention of PI errors, patient photographs on wristbands, barcodes, biometric markers, fingerprints, retina scans, radiofrequency identification chips, and framework checklists for identifying a range of clinical care processes will ideally be available to healthcare professionals for improving patient safety and clinical outcomes. , The changes are sometimes not pleasant but if we have to accept the changes, the changes should be started from me for the safety of everyone and every time in all healthcare services.

Recurrent Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Chronic Lung Diseases: Relapse or Reinfection?

염호기,박인애,신보문,최수진 대한결핵및호흡기학회 2014 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.77 No.4

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection is particularly associated with progressive and ultimately chronic recurrent respiratory infections in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis, chronic destroyed lung disease, and cysticfibrosis. Its treatment is also very complex because of drug resistance andrecurrence. Methods: Forty eight cultures from 18 patients with recurrent P. aeruginosa pneumonia from 1998 to 2002 were included in this study. Two or more pairs of sputum cultures were performed during 2 or more different periods of recurrences. The comparison of strains was made according to the phenotypic patterns of antibiotic resistance and chromosomal fingerprinting by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) using the genomic DNA of P. aeruginosa from the sputum culture. Results: Phenotypic patterns of antibiotic resistance of P. aeruginosa were not correlated with their prior antibiotic exposition. Fifteen of 18 patients (83.3%) had recurrent P. aeruginosa pneumonia caused by the strains with same PFGE pattern. Conclusion: These data suggest that the most of the recurrent P. aeruginosa infections in chronic lung disease occurred due to the relapse of prior infections. Further investigations should be performed for assessing the molecular mechanisms of the persistent colonization and for determining how to eradicate clonal persistence of P. aeruginosa.

Safety and Effectiveness of Indacaterol in South Korean COPD Patients : A Post-Marketing Study

염호기,김학렬,장윤수,오연목,신경철,문민영 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2018 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.126 No.-

Purpose: Once-daily (q.d.) indacaterol (IND) is approved for maintenance treatment of COPD patients. This post-marketing surveillance evaluated safety and effectiveness of IND in COPD patients from South Korea. Method: The observational, prospective study investigated safety and effectiveness of IND 150 or 300μg q.d., administered via the BreezhalerⓇ device for 12 or 24 weeks, in physician-diagnosed adult COPD patients. Safety parameters included incidence of adverse events (AEs) and serious adverse events (SAEs), while effectiveness was assessed based on physician’s assessment of symptoms, and lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1 second, [FEV1]). Results: Of 3246 patients enrolled, 3122 were included in the safety set. Patients had mean age of 68.6 years, were mostly men (86.9%), with higher proportion in Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 2011 Group 2 (49.72%). Among these, 684 patients (21.9%) reported ≥1 AEs and 210 (6.7%) reported SAEs. In addition, 376 (12.0%) and 169 (5.4%) reported unexpected AEs and SAEs, respectively. In 2031 patients included for effectiveness analysis, mean FEV1 increased significantly from baseline by 0.10 L after 12 weeks of treatment (P<0.0001) and by 0.04 L after 24 weeks (P=0.0017). Based on change in FEV1 and GOLD stage, IND was effective 96.5% patients (‘improved’ + ‘no change’) and ineffective in 3.4% patients (‘exacerbated’). Conclusions: In clinical practice settings, indacaterol was well tolerated in South Korean COPD patients, and can be regarded as an effective bronchodilator maintenance therapy.