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해양생태독성 평가용 표준시험생물로서 섬모충류 Mesodinium rubrum에 대한 연구
안경호 ( Kyoung Ho An ),박경수 ( Gyung Soo Park ),이승민 ( Seung Min Lee ) 한국환경과학회 2011 한국환경과학회지 Vol.20 No.9
The mixotrophic marine ciliate Mesodinium rubrum possesses a highly modified algal endosymbiont as a nutrition source for the species. Accordingly, we assumed that the species can reflect the ecotoxicity on marine producer (as phytoplankton) and consumer (as zooplankton) both. A series of experiments were conducted to identify the potential of the species as a standard test species for marine ecotoxicological study. The comparison of species sensitivity on reference toxic materials was made using potassium dichromate for phytoplankton and copper chloride for zooplankton. The ciliate revealed the highest sensitivity on both reference materials among the seven test species including phytoplankton, benthic copepod and rotifer species. The toxicity end point of the species was 72hr-EC50=1.52 mg/L (as potassium dichromate) estimated by population growth inhibition (PGI), which is more sensitive than the most sensitive phytoplankton Skeletonema costatum (72hr-EC50=3.05 mg/L). As comparison to rotifer, it also revealed higher sensitivity on copper chloride; 72hr-EC50=0.38 mg/L for ciliate and 48hr-EC50=0.48 mg/L for rotifer. Also, the elutriate toxicity test of various ocean disposal wastes were conducted to identify the potential of ciliate toxicity test application using industrial waste sludges. The toxicity of leather processing waste sludge was highest on the ciliate, followed by dyeing waste sludge and dye production waste sludge as an increasing order of toxicity. 72h-EC50 of ciliate PGI test was 1.83% and that of S. costatum 3.84% for leather waste sludge which showed highest toxicity. The toxicity test results also revealed that the highest sensitivity was observed on ciliate species on ocean disposed sludge wastes. Also, ciliate toxicity test well discriminated the degree of toxicity between sludge sources; 72h-EC50 values were 1.83% for leather processing waste sludge, 16.75% for dye production waste sludge and 27.75% for textile production waste sludge. Even the laboratory culture methods of the species were not generally established yet, the species has high potential as the standard test species for marine toxicity test in terms of the dual reflection of phyto- and zooplankton toxicity from single test, sensitivity and test replicability.
기후변화환경 하에서 멸종위기식물 섬시호(산형과)의 보전방안 마련을 위한 광, 수분, 영양소에 대한 반응 연구
안경호 ( Kyeong-ho Ahn ),유영한 ( Young-han You ),조규태 ( Kyu-tae Cho ) 한국환경생태학회 2016 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.30 No.5
본 연구는 멸종위기식물인 섬시호를 대상으로 기후변화의 원인인 CO₂+온도상승과 식물의 생육 및 분포에 중요한광, 수분, 영양소를 조합 처리하여 지구온난화에 대해 어떻게 반응하는지 알아보고, 기후변화환경 하에서의 보전방안을 마련하고자 하였다. 실험은 야외의 CO₂ 농도와 온도를 반영한 대조구와 유리온실에서 대조구보다 CO₂ 농도가 약2배, 온도가 약 2℃ 높게 유지한 CO₂+온도상승구로 구분하여 2010년부터 2011년까지 생육시켜 관찰하고 비교하였다. 섬시호의 생육반응은 광, 수분, 영양소보다 CO₂+온도상승의 영향을 더 많이 받았고, CO₂+온도상승구에서 영양소가 많은 조건일 때 잘 자랐다. 잎 수는 대조구에 비해 CO₂+온도상승구에서 광이 낮은 구배와 영양소가 높은 구배에서 많았고, 잎 폭은 대조구에 비해 CO₂+온도상승구에서 광과 영양소가 중간 구배에서 좁았다. 그러나 지상부 길이, 잎몸길이 그리고 잎자루 길이는 대조구와 CO₂+온도상승구 간에 차이가 없었다. 본 연구결과를 토대로 미래기후환경 하에서 섬시호의 보전을 위해서는 섬시호 자생지에 NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, NO₃, P₂O<sub>5</sub>, K₂O 등이 포함된 영양소를 공급하고, 섬시호 자생지가 파괴되지 않도록 하여야 한다. 또한 섬시호의 자생지와 유사한 환경조건을 가진 곳을 발굴하여 복원함으로써 서식지를 확대하여야 한다. In order to elucidate the ecological responses of B. latissimum under global warming situation and prepare the conservation measures, we cultivated the plant within control(ambient CO₂+ambient temperature) and treatment(elevated CO₂+elevated temperature) from 2010 to 2011. Rising CO₂ concentration was treated with 2 times and temperature increased with 2.0℃above than control. As a result, Growth response has received more the effect of CO₂+Temperature rising than light, moisture, nutrients, and it was grow well in CO₂+temperature rise sphere when many nutrients, and it was grow well in CO₂+temperature rise sphere when many nutrients. No. of leaves were many number in the treated group compared to the control at a low light gradient and high nutrient gradient, leaf width was narrow in the treatment compared to the control in the middle gradient of light and nutrients. Shoot length, petiole length, lamina length was no difference between control and CO₂+temperature rise sphere. Based on the results of this study, in order to preserve the B. latissimum in future climate, we should be supply of nutrients(containing NH<sub>4</sub> <sup>+</sup>, NO₃, P₂O<sub>5</sub>, K₂O, etc.) in the habitat of the B. latissimum, and must ensure that the habitat of B. latissimum is not destroyed. Also, We should be find similar area with habitat of the B. latissimum, restoring, expanding.