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日本 彌生文化 形成過程 硏究 : 韓國文化와 關聯해서 in connection with the culture of Korea
沈奉謹 東亞大學校 1979 東亞論叢 Vol.16 No.1
Yayoi culture which was centered on rice farming was basically agricultural. By introducing various elements of the new culture such as dolmens, pottery, and bronze and iron implements to Japan, it brought an end to the stagnant economic society of hunting and fishing, ushering in the productive economy of rice crops. Thus it holds an important position in the history of ancient Japan marking a turning point in the way of life of the Japanese. In such a socio-economic context, Yayoi culture was begun in the northwestern part of Kyushu and toward the close of the period it spread throughout Japan except for Hokkaido. There has been, however, no settled theory as to the main route of its introduction. In this thesis the present writer has attempted to deal chiefly with this problem. For this purpose, the writer studied chiefly on the northwestern section of Kyushu geographically for the region as the place where the Yayoi culture was originated and as to the time. On the latter period of Jomon-type culture and the former period of Yayoi culture. And as for the contents of the culture, the present writer studied chiefly on pottery, rice-farming and dolmens which constituted the basic features of the Yayoi culture. As a result of the research, the following facts have been confirmed: Plain coarse pottery of Korea began to have some influence on the latter period of Jomon-type culture or the stage of Yuusu-type culture. Rice farming along with stone and wooden tools for agriculture was brought over to Japan at the same period. Dolmens of the southern part of Korea were introduced to the northwestern area of Kyushu, nearest to the Korean peninsular, at the same period. This period is estimated to correspond to the fourth century B.C. In the light of the above-mentioned facts, Yayoi culture originated at the stage of Yuusu-type pottery, not at the stage of Itatsuke I-type pottery which immediately followed the former, and was chronologized by Japanese historians as the beginning of Yayoi culture. The main trend in pottery, rice farming, and dolmens can be traced back to the cultural factors of plain coarse pottery of Koreans. The period roughly corresponds to the fourth century B.C. In conclusion, it may be said that some Korean people who had been living in the southern region of the Korean peninsular engaging in rice farming and using plain coarse pottery, ground stone tools and dolmens, migrated to the northwestern part of Kyushu by way of Tsushima and that they, through contacts with the people of Jomon-type culture, created the characteristic pattern of the stage of Yuusu-type culture, which in turn became the source of Yayoi culture.