감각신경모세포종: 증례 보고와 문헌 고찰

심병용,박진노,한지연,홍영선,김훈교,이경식,김민식,조승호,정수미,이연수,강진형,Shim Byoung-Yong,Park Jin-No,Han Ji-Youn,Hong Young-Sun,Kim Hoon-Kyo,Lee Kyung-Shick,Kim Min-Sik,Cho Seung-Ho,Chung Su-Mi,Lee Youn-Soo,Kang Jin-Hyoung 대한두경부종양학회 2000 대한두경부 종양학회지 Vol.16 No.2

Objectives: Esthesioneuroblastoma is a rare malignant neoplasm that originates from the olfactory sensory cells. This tumor grows from the upper nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus and invades surrounding structures through the cribriform plate into intracranium or orbit in advanced stage. Even though there has been some controversies in determining standard treatment due to rarity of this tumor, the combination treatment of surgery and adjuvant radiation has been recommended for the locally advanced esthesioneuroblastomas. However, the recent clinical experiences of advanced cases showed that combination chemotherapy is highly effective to reduce tumor mass and improve clinical outcomes. Materials and Methods: The authors conducted a retrospective analysis of 6 esthesioneuroblastoma patients who were treated in our hospital from 1986. Results: The age of these patients was between 19 and 86 year-old. Among the 6 cases, 2 were diagnosed at stage B and 4 at stage C, according to Kadish classification. Anti-tumor treatments were performed in 5 patients. One patient refused active treatment and was lost to follow-up. Better survival outcome were observed in 3 patients who were treated with combination chemotherapy alone or combined modality treatment including chemotherapy. Conclusion: Based on our retrospective study, the combined treatment consisting of surgery, radiotherapy, and combination chemotherapy should be used to improve treatment results. And furthermore, innovative clinical approaches such as neoadjuvant chemotherapy, high-dose chemotherapy and autologous peripheral stem cell transplantation, which have been reported to have good therapeutic results, should be considered and applied actively.

호스피스 병동에서 시행되는 말기 암 환자의 DNR (Do-Not-Resuscitate) 동의

심병용,홍석인,박진민,조홍주,옥종선,김선영,한선애,이옥경,김훈교,Shim, Byoung-Yong,Hong, Seok-In,Park, Jin-Min,Cho, Hong-Joo,Ok, Jong-Sun,Kim, Seon-Young,Han, Sun-Ae,Lee, Ok-Kyung,Kim, Hoon-Kyo 한국호스피스완화의료학회 2004 한국호스피스.완화의료학회지 Vol.7 No.2

배경: 보편적으로 호스피스 병동에서 말기 암 환자에 있어서, DNR 동의가 흔하게 취득되고 있다. 그러나 말기 암 환자에 대한 현황과 실태 분석에 관한 국내 연구는 아직 드문 현실이다. 최근 저자 등은 보호자가 DNR 동의를 거부하여 심폐소생술 후 인공호흡기 치료를 시행하여 2개월 간 중환자실에서 치료 후 사망한 환자를 경험하면서 지금 까지 진행된 DNR 동의의 현 실태와 앞으로 시행될 DNR 동의의 보완점을 마련하기 위해 본 연구를 시작하였다. 방법: 2003년 1월부터 6월까지 6개월 동안 성빈센트병원 호스피스 병동에 입원한 말기 암 환자 60명을 대상으로 후향적으로 의무기록과 DNR 동의서를 조사하였다. 대상 환자들의 나이, 성별,진단명, DNR 동의 시간, 사망까지의 시간, DNR 동의에 참여한 보호자, DNR 결정 당시 환자 상태, 사망장소, DNR 결정 당시의 치료와 DNR 결정 전후 치료의 변화 등을 조사하였다. 치료 단계는 3단계로 분류하였다. 결과: 중앙 연령은 66세($31{\sim}93$세) 였고 남자가 31명, 여자가 29명이었다. 폐암 12명, 위암 12명, 담낭암 및 담도암 7명, 대장암 6명, 췌장암 4명, 기타 19명이었다. DNR 동의서에 서명한 사람은 아들이 22명, 배우자가 19명, 딸이 16명, 기타가 3명이었다. 이 중 환자가 DNR 동의서에 동의한 경우는 한 명도 없었다. 60명 중 30명이 입원 시에, 30명은 입원 기간 중에 DNR 동의서에 서명하였다. 입원 기간 중에는 증상의 악화 19명, 활력 증후 변화 4명, 다기관 기능부전 3명, 기타 상태 4명 등으로 DNR이 결정 되었다. DNR 동의 후 사망까지의 시간은 13명이 5일 이내에 사망하였다. 사망 장소는 60명 중 한 명을 제외하고는 모두 본원이었다. DNR이 시행되었을 당시 치료 단계는 2명을 제외하고 1단계였고 2단계와 3단계가 각각 1명씩이었다. 결론: 환자의 존엄성과 권리라는 측면에서 DNR 동의의 환자 참여가 국내에서도 신중하게 고려되어야 하겠다. 또 이를 위해 DNR 동의의 의미, 경과, 동의 철회 등의 사항이 포함된 문서화된 동의서에 의해서 환자와 보호자에게 설명되어야 하겠다. Purpose: DNR order is generally accepted for cancer patients near the end of life at Hospice Ward. It means not only no CPR when cardiopulmonary arrest develops but no aggressive meaningless medical interventions. Usually on admission, we discuss with the patients' family about DNR order at the Hospice Ward. Recently, we experienced a terminal lung cancer patient who had been on the ventilator for two months after pulmonary arrest. CPR and artificial ventilation were performed because patient's family refused DNR order. There is no consensus when, who, and how DNR order could be written for terminal cancer patients in Korea, yet. Methods: Hospice charts of 60 patients who admitted between Jan and Jun 2003 to Hospice Ward were reviewed retrospectively. Results: The median age was 66(range $31{\sim}93$) and there were 31 males and 29 females. Their underlying cancers were lung (12), stomach (12), biliary tract (7), colon (6), pancreas (4) and others (19). The persons who signed DNR order were son (22), spouse(19), daughter (16) and others (3). But, there was no patients who signed DNR order by oneself. Thirty families of 60 patients signed on day of admission and 30 signed during hospitalization when there were symptom aggravation (19), vital sign change (4), organ failure (3) and others (4). There were 13 patients who died within 5 days after DNR order. Most of patients died at our hospice ward, except in 1 patient. The level of care was mostly 1, except in 2 patients. (We set level of care as 3 categories. Level 1 is general medical care: 2 is general nursing care: 3 is terminal care.) Conclusion: We have to consider carefully discussing DNR order with terminal cancer patients in the future & values on withholding futile intervention.

Prognostic Role of Rb, p16, Cyclin D1 Proteins in Soft Tissue Sarcomas

심병용,유진영,이연수,홍영선,김훈교,강진형 대한암학회 2010 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.42 No.3

Purpose The aim of this study was to determine the expressions of Rb, p16, and cyclin D1 in soft tissue sarcomas, and we also wanted to identify the prognostic factors according to the clinicalpathologic features. Materials and Methods We reviewed the charts and radiographic films of 66 sarcoma patients. Tissue samples were collected from these patients. Immunochemistry was performed using formalin-fixed, paraffinembedded tissue samples to examine the expressions of p16, Rb, and cyclin D1 proteins. Results The median duration of overall survival was 47.8 months (range, 20.0 to 70.7 months) and the 5 years survival rate was 39%. As for the correlation between the degree of immunohistochemical staining for Rb protein and the histological tumor grades, there was a significant difference with a p-value of 0.019. However, no significant correlation was shown for p16 and cyclin D1. The overall survival duration of the Rb negative group (staining cell <20%)and the heterogeneous group (cell staining 20 to 80%) was 53.5±6.6 months and the overall survival duration of the Rb homogeneous group was 18.3±6.4 months, and there was a significant difference with a p-value of 0.016. However, no significant difference was shown between the survival rate according to the p16 and cyclin D1 expressions. On the multivariate analysis that was done with Rb, p16, the tumor size, grade and site, and patient age, the Rb gene expression was the most significant independent prognostic factor with a risk ratio of 3.01 (p=0.04). Conclusion The expression of Rb protein was correlated with the histologic grade and overall survival of patients with soft tissue sarcomas.

비소세포 폐암에서의 이차 치료로 사용한 Docetaxel 단독 치료 효과

심병용,김치홍,송소향,정연주,안명임,조홍주,옥종선,유진영,조민섭,조덕곤,조규도,김수지,김훈교 대한내과학회 2004 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2004 No.1

A Randomized Phase III Study of Patients With Advanced Gastric Adenocarcinoma Without Progression After Six Cycles of XELOX (Capecitabine Plus Oxaliplatin) Followed by Capecitabine Maintenance or Clinical Observation

심병용,Guk Jin Lee,Hyunho Kim,Sung Shim Cho,Hyung Soon Park,Ho Jung An,In Sook Woo,Jae Ho Byun,Ji Hyung Hong,Yoon Ho Ko,Der Sheng Sun,Hye Sung Won,Jong Youl Jin,Ji Chan Park,In-Ho Kim,Sang Young Roh 대한위암학회 2023 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.23 No.2

Purpose: Oxaliplatin, a component of the capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (XELOX) regimen, has a more favorable toxicity profile than cisplatin in patients with advanced gastric cancer (GC). However, oxaliplatin can induce sensory neuropathy and cumulative, dose-related toxicities. Thus, the capecitabine maintenance regimen may achieve the maximum treatment effect while reducing the cumulative neurotoxicity of oxaliplatin. This study aimed to compare the survival of patients with advanced GC between capecitabine maintenance and observation after 1st line XELOX chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: Sixty-three patients treated with six cycles of XELOX for advanced GC in six hospitals of the Catholic University of Korea were randomized 1:1 to receive capecitabine maintenance or observation. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), analyzed using a two-sided log-rank test stratified at a 5% significance level. Results: Between 2015 and 2020, 32 and 31 patients were randomized into the maintenance and observation groups, respectively. After randomization, the median number of capecitabine maintenance cycles was 6. The PFS was significantly higher in the maintenance group than the observation group (6.3 vs. 4.1 months, P=0.010). Overall survival was not significantly different between the 2 groups (18.2 vs. 16.5 months, P=0.624). Toxicities, such as hand-foot syndrome, were reported in some maintenance group patients. Maintenance treatment was a significant factor associated with PFS in multivariate analysis (hazard ratio, 0.472; 95% confidence interval, 0.250–0.890; P=0.020). Conclusions: After 6 cycles of XELOX chemotherapy, capecitabine maintenance significantly prolonged PFS compared with observation, and toxicity was manageable. Maintenance treatment was a significant prognostic factor associated with PFS.

Current Status and Challenges of Cancer Clinical Trials in Korea

심병용,박세훈,이순일,김진수,이경은,강윤구,안명주 대한암학회 2016 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.48 No.1

Purpose Cancer clinical trials in Korea have rapidly progressed in terms of quantity and quality during the last decade. This study evaluates the current status of cancer clinical trials in Korea and their associated problems. Materials and Methods We analyzed the clinical trials approved by the Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA) between 2007 and 2013. A nationwide on-line survey containing 22 questions was also performed with several cooperative study groups and individual researchers in 56 academic hospitals. Results The number of cancer clinical trials approved by the KFDA increased almost twofold from 2007 to 2013. The number of sponsor-initiated clinical trials (SITs) increased by 50% and investigator-initiated clinical trials (IITs) increased by almost 640%. Three hundred and forty- four clinical trials were approved by the KFDA between 2012 and 2013. At the time of the on-line survey (August 2013), 646 SITs and 519 IITs were ongoing in all hospitals. Six high volume hospitals were each conducting more than 50 clinical trials, including both SITs and IITs. Fifty-six investigators (31%) complained of the difficulties in raising funds to conduct clinical trials. Conclusion The number of cancer clinical trials in Korea rapidly increased from 2007 to 2013, as has the number of multicenter clinical trials and IITs run by cooperative study groups. Limited funding for IIT is a serious problem, and more financial support is needed both from government agencies and public donations from non-profit organizations.

말기 암 환자에서의 하지 부종

심병용,홍석인,박지찬,홍숙희,최강현,조홍주,김선영,한선애,이옥경,김훈교,Shim, Byoung-Yong,Hong, Seok-In,Park, Ji-Chan,Hong, Sug-Hui,Choi, Gang-Heun,Cho, Hong-Joo,Kim, Seon-Young,Han, Sun-Ae,Lee, Ok-Kyung,Kim, Hoon-Kyo 한국호스피스완화의료학회 2005 한국호스피스.완화의료학회지 Vol.8 No.2

Purpose: The lower extremity edema (LEE) is a common distressful symptom in advanced cancer patients and is hard to manage. We analyze the characteristics of LEE in patients with advanced cancer to provide the basic information of causes and adequate management. Methods: Physical examination, assessment of the location and severity of edema, blood chemistry (albumin, creatinine), Doppler Sono for patients with suspecting deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and abdomen CT scan for patient with suspecting lymph edema were performed. Severity of edema was classified according to NCI lymph edema scaling and improvement was defined as lowering at least 1 grade of edema after management. Results: Among 154 patient who had been admitted to Hospice Ward from Mar 2003 to Jan 2004, 33 had LEE, and 6 had both upper extremity edema and LEE except generalized edema. Their underlying cancers were stomach (7), lung (6), biliary tract (5), liver (5), colorectal (5), pancreas (2), and others (9). There were 12 patient with grade I, 20 patients with grade II, and 7 patients with grade III edema. The causes were hypoalbuminemia (11), lymph edema (10), DVT (7), obstruction of inferior vena cava (IVC) or portal vein (6), and dependent edema (5). The common managements were including leg elevation and diuretics. Elastic stocking was applied for patients with DVT and leg massage and pneumatic compression was used for lymph edema. The 2/3 patients were improved after management. Conclusion: The incidence of LEE in terminal cancer pts was high (25.3%) and their causes were variable including lymph edema, DVT, hypoalbuminemia and dependent edema. Active noninvasive management according to causes could result in good palliation. 목적: 하지 부종은 진행된 말기 암 환자에서 흔하게 발생하는 증상이며 치료하기 어렵다고 생각되고 있다. 우리는 말기 암 환자에서 하지 부종의 특성을 분석하고 원인과 치료에 관한 기본 정보를 얻기 위해 연구를 하였다. 방법: 하지 부종이 있는 환자에서 이학적 검사를 시행하고 부종의 범위, 정도, 혈액 검사(creatinine, albumin)을 시행하였다. 심부정맥 혈전증이 의심되는 환자는 Doppler 초음파를 시행하고 림프부종이 의심되는 환자는 복부 컴퓨터 단층 촬영을 시행하였다. 부종 정도는 NCI의 림프부종 평가를 이용하여 시행하였으며 증상의 호전은 부종의 정도가 1 이상 감소한 경우 호전이라 하였다. 결과: 2003년 3월부터 2004년 1월까지 총 154명의 호스피스 입원 환자 중 하지부종 환자는 39명이었으며 이 중 6명은 상지부종과 하지부종이 모두 있었다. 이 들의 원인 질환은 위암(7명), 폐암(6명), 간담도암(5명), 간암(5명), 대장암(5명), 췌장암(2명), 기타(9명)이었다. 원인으로써는 저알부민혈증(11명), 림프부종(10명), 심부정맥혈전증(7명), 하대정맥 또는 문정맥 폐쇄(6명), 의존성 부종(5명)이었다. 치료로는 하지 거상과 이뇨제를 사용하였으며 심부정맥 혈전증이 있는 경우는 탄력 스타킹을, 림프부종이 있는 경우에는 맛사지와 공기 압축을 이용한 재활 치료를 하였다. 전체 2/3환자에서 증상 호전이 관찰되었다. 결론: 말기 암 환자에서 하지 부종의 빈도는 25.3%로 높으며 원인 질환으로는 저알부민 혈증, 림프부종, 심부정맥혈전증, 의존성 부종 등 다양하다. 적극적인 비침습적 치료로 충분한 증상호전을 가져 올 수 있다.

의학강좌 : 개원의를 위한 모범처방 ; 암 검진의 최신 지견

심병용 ( Byoung Yong Shim ) 대한내과학회 2016 대한내과학회지 Vol.90 No.3

Cancer is the leading cause of death in Korea. Cancer screening has become a basic health program because of the increased incidence of cancers and heightened interest. In September 2015, experts gathered at the National Cancer Institute of Korea proposed screening guidelines for seven cancers: lung, gastric, colon, breast, cervical, and thyroid cancers and hepatoma. The Korean cancer screening guidelines recommend annual screening for lung cancer with low-dose computed tomography in adults ages 55 to 74 years who have a 30 pack-year smoking history and currently smoke or have quit within the past 15 years. For gastric cancer, endoscopy screening is recommended once every 2 years and gastrography is recommended optionally in adults ages 40 to 74 years. For hepatoma screening, α-fetoprotein and liver ultrasound are recommended every 6 months for patients older than 40 years old at high risk. For colon cancer screening, fecal occult blood testing is recommended with optional colonoscopy every 1-2 years in adults ages 40 to 80 years. For breast cancer screening, mammography is recommended every 2 years for all women ages 40-69 years. For cervical cancer screening, a Pap smear is recommended every 3 years for all women older than 20 years or with sexual experience. No routine screening is recommended for thyroid cancer. The author reviews the background and practices of cancer screening guidelines for seven major cancers and prostate cancer. (Korean J Med 2016;90:224-230)

Intramedullary tuberculosis manifested as Brown-Sequard syndrome in a patient with systemic Lupus erythematosus

심병용 ( Byoung Yong Shim ),이상헌 ( Sang Heon Lee ),김완욱 ( Wan Uk Kim ),민준기 ( Jun Ki Min ),홍연식 ( Yeon Sik Hong ),박성환 ( Sung Hwan Park ),조철수 ( Chul Soo Cho ),박천군 ( Chun Kun Park ),김호연 ( Ho Youn Kim ) 대한내과학회 1999 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.57 No.-

진행성 비소세포폐암에서 KRAS와 Tau의 항암 치료에 대한 반응의 예측 인자로서의 의의

유진영,심병용,유창영,강석진,이교영 대한병리학회 2009 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.43 No.5

Background : Taxane-platinum combinations are often used as first-line treatments for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Response to chemotherapy for these patients is still poor. The aim of our study was to investigate, for this disease, whether KRAS and Tau proteins affect responses to taxane-platinum combinations. Methods : Expression of KRAS and Tau was examined immunohistochemically in 71 tumor samples obtained from patients with stage ⅢB or Ⅳ NSCLC prior to combination therapy. Expression was correlated with tumor responses. Results : The response rate was 55% (39 of 71). KRAS and Tau were expressed in seven (10%) and 31 (44%) patients, respectively. All seven KRAS-positive patients were non-responders (p=0.014). Among Tau-positive patients , 35% (11 of 31) responded to therapy, whereas a partial response was observed in 70% (28 of 40) of Tau-negatives (p= 0.045). Two were positive for both, and they were non-responders. In patients negative for both, the response rate was 71% (25 of 35) (p=0.012). Conclusions : Expression of KRAS and Tau are significantly correlated with poor responses to this combination therapy in advanced NSCLC patients, and may be a useful marker for chemoresistance.