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신현창,송준태 한국물리학회 2010 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.57 No.5
We present two-dimensional mapping images and three-dimensional stereoscopic images for the mineral distribution in human fingernails by using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry analytical methods without special sample preparations. From the images, we have visually confirmed the concentration distributions for both surface and substrate minerals in the human nail. In particular, from three-dimensional images, Na, Mg, P, Ca, and K are shown to be very common in the substrate of the nail while Fe, Mn, and Zn appear only at the surface. The depth profiling curve, as a whole, shows that the ion intensity of each element remains constant for about 200 seconds in the sputtering process. The total ion intensity was detected in a sequence Na > K > Ca > Mg > P > Fe > Cu > Mn > Zn in the left-hand fingernail and Na > K > Ca > P > Mg > Fe > Zn > Cu > Mn in the right-hand fingernail.
신현창,송준태 한국물리학회 2010 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.56 No.2
In this research, aluminum nitride (AlN) thin films were fabricated on Au/Si3N4/Si structure by using a radio-frequency sputtering system. The film’s properties were measured using highresolution X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM)with a lock-in-amplifier. The value of the full width at half maximum indicated that the AlN thin film was well formed along the c-direction and had a highly (002) preferred orientation. Through the PFM measurements, the images of the piezoelectric dynamics were confirmed, and the strainelectric field hysteresis loops for each indexed grain was measured using the conductive tip of the PFM without a top metallic electrode layer. From these loops and for each grain, the strain behavior and the effective piezoelectric coefficient d33eff were measured at the nanometer scale, and the real piezoelectric coefficient d33 was calculated from the d33eff. The d33 value wasfound to lie in the range 1.33 to 8.93 pm/V along the grain positions, and the average d33 value was calculated as 4.81pm/V.