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신경호,박득현,윤유상,김양원,박경혜,선경훈,박하영,조준호,김태훈 대한응급의학회 2015 대한응급의학회지 Vol.26 No.5
Purpose: Traffic accidents are increasing due to the development and increment of transportation. Previous studies on analysis of the correlation between environmental factors and traffic accidents have rarely been reported. The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation between rainfall and traffic accidents including accident mechanism, incidence, and trauma severity of patients. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted in 851 trauma patients who visited the emergency department (ED) after a traffic accident from January 2013 to December 2013; 248 patients due to a traffic accident when it was raining, and 603 patients when it was not raining. Demographic data, clinical data, and meteorological data (rainfall, daily mean air temperature, daily mean wind speed) in Busan were investigated. Results: The incidence of traffic accidents was one-second and the injury severity score of patients was two points higher on rainy days. In addition, the length of hospital stay was three days longer (p=0.037), and the prognosis was poor in the rain group. Comparison of severe injury sustained over rain, injury time, and accident mechanism showed approximately a 3-fold odds increased rate of severe injury on rainy days (OR 2.55, 95% CI: 1.11-5.83, p=0.004) and a seven-fold odds increased rate of pedestrian traffic accidents (OR 7.26, 95% CI: 3.52-9.26, p<0.001) compared with car traffic accidents. In addition, a four-fold increased odds of night time (OR 3.79, 95% CI: 1.98-7.25, p<0.001) compared with day time accidents on rainy days. Conclusion: The incidence of traffic accidents and injury severity of patients increased on rainy days. Therefore, we suggest expansion of the scope of the emergency and trauma team activation for proper treatment on rainy days.
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신경호,홍기남,김형건,전보권,Shin, Kyung-Ho,Hong, Ki-Nam,Kim, Hyung-Gun,Chun, Boe-Gwun The Korean Society of Pharmacology 1989 대한약리학잡지 Vol.25 No.1
수영-스트레스로 나타나는 뇌 catecholamine대사 및 혈장 corticosterone 함량의 변동에 대한 clonidine(500 ug/kg)의 억제작용을 propylthiouracil(0.01% 용액으로 5주간 마시게함) 및 1-thyrorine(4 mg/kg/day로 5일간 복강내에 주사)로 처치한 웅성-마우스에서 실험관찰하여 다음과 같은 성적을 얻었다. 마우스의 일과성 자발운동량의 변동은 갑상선-홀몬의 변동에 영향을 받지 않았고, 수영스트레스(SS)로 나타나는 혈장 corticosterone(CS)의 증가가 propylthiouracil 전처치 (PTU) 및 1-thyroxine 전처치 (T4)로 각각 다소의 감소 및 증강됨을 보였으나, SS에 의한 혈장 CS증가에 대한 clonidine의 억제작용은 PTU 및 T4의 영향을 받지 않았다. SS부하로 뇌 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol 함량(MHPG)가 유의하게 증가되고 clonidine에 의하여는 MHPG가 현저히 감소되었으나 뇌 norepinephrine 함량(NE)은 별 변동을 보이지 않아서 MHPG/NE비는 SS와 clonidine에 의하여 각각 현저한 증가 및 감소를 나타내었다. 아울러, PTU및 T4은 각각 뇌NE을 유의하게 감소 또는 증가시켰으나 뇌 MHPG에는 별 영향을 미치지 않았다. Clonidine은 SS에 의한 뇌 MHPG 및 MHPG/NE비의 증가를 모두 현저히 억제하였으며 그 억제작용은 PTU 및 T4에 의하여 별 영향을 받지 않았다. 이상의 성적으로 미루어서, 마우스의 일과성 자발운동양상 및 스트레스반응으로 나타나는 혈장 corticosterone의 증가현상등이 갑상선-홀몬의 변동에 별 영향을 받지 않으며, 시상하부-뇌하수체-부신계의 활성화가 시상하부의 norepinephrine성 신경-흥분에 매게되어 나타나는 바, 스트레스성 혈장 corticosterone 증가에 대한 clonidine의 억제작용이 그의 절전-${\alpha}_2-adrenoceptor\;agonist$ 작용에 기인되는 것으로 사료된다. The circadian rhythm of spontaneous motor activity was not significantly altered by $T_4$(4mg/kg, i.p. inj. once a day for 5 days: $T_4$) and PTU (fed ad lib in 0.01% drinking water for 5 weeks: PTU). The plasma thyroxine level was markedly increased by $T_4$ but reduced by PTU, and the plasma thyrotropin level was markedly increased by PTU but moderately increased by $T_4$. Clonidine slightly increased the plasma CS level, but the clonidine effect was significantly enhanced by $T_4-pretreatment$. The brain NE and MHPG contents were little affected by $T_4$ but the NE content was significantly decreased by PTU. The SS-induced increase of plasma CS level was moderately decreased by PTU but increased by $T_4$. However, clonidine significantly inhibited the SS-induced increase, and the inhibitory effect of clonidine was not significantly affected by PTU and $T_4$, respectively. The brain MHPG content and MHPG/NE ratio were significantly decreased by clonidine but increased by SS. The clonidine- and SS-induced changes of brain MHPG content and MHPG/NE ratio were not altered by $T_4$. PTU did not affect the SS-induced increase of brain NE turnover but significantly attenuated the clonidine-induced decrease. The SS-induced increases of brain MHPG content and MHPG/NE rtatio were markedly inhibited by clonidine, and the inhibitory effect of clonidine was not affected by $T_4$ and PTU, respectively. These results suggest that the responses to swim-stress is not signigicantly affected by the alteration of thyroid function and that the hypothalamo-adenohypophysis-adrenocortical stimulation in response to swim-stress seems to be mediated via hypothalamic noradrenergic activation, and the stress response may be inhibited by the agonistic activity of clonidine on the presynaptic ${\alpha}_2-adrenoceptor$.
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The Role of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor (CRF) in Preclinical Models of Depression
신경호 대한정신약물학회 2010 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.8 No.2
Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression and anxiety, as it plays a critical role in the neuroendocrine, autonomic, and behavioral responses to stress. Moreover, CRF in the extrahypothalamic area has been closely linked to depression and anxiety. As recent studies have strengthened the view that CRF in the dorsal raphe nucleus and locus ceruleus is involved in preclinical animal models of depression, the recent progress concerning CRF is worthy of review. First, we describe the distribution and function of CRF in brain. Then, we present the role of CRF in preclinical animal models of depression. Further research on CRF and its receptors should help to clarify the pathophysiology of depression and improve the treatment of this debilitating disease.
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연속간행물 평가에 관한 연구 - KINITl 소장 연속간행물을 대상으로 -
신경호,Shin, Kyoung-Ho 한국과학기술정보연구원 과학기술정보센터 1998 Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice Vol.29 No.4
본 고는 연속간행물 평가방법의 종류와 사례를 살펴보고, KINITl 소장 연속간행물을 이용자의 의견조사법과 비용대효과 분석법을 택하여 평가함으로써 연속간행물 평가시 하나의 지침이 될 수 있는 방법론을 제시하며, 핵심잡지의 성격을 규명함으로써 신규 연속간행물 선정에 참고할 수 있는 자료를 제공하고자 한다. This article describes the methodologies and case studies related to the evaluation of serials. A Total of 1,529 titles of serials, which were 1997 subscription titles of KINITI in the fields of science and technology, were analyzed. Two methods were employed in the study : the analysis of the opinions of subject specialists and the analysis of the cost per use. The purpose of study are 1) to suggest the models for evaluating serials 2) to identify the characteristics of the core serials.
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신경호,Sung-Jin Kim,이금주,You-Chan Shin,Song-hyen Choi,Eunju Do,Sangduk Kim,Boe-Gwun Chun,이민수 한국분자세포생물학회 2005 Molecules and cells Vol.19 No.1
Stress is known to inhibit granule cell proliferation in the hippocampus. However, recent studies suggest that the commonly used dose of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) is insufficient to label all fractions of granule cells. Fur-thermore, stress-induced changes in BrdU availability may influence the labeling of newly born cells. To investi-gate whether changes in BrdU availability affect meas-urements of stress-induced granule cell proliferation, granule cell proliferation was assessed using injection of high doses of BrdU before and after restraint stress last-ing 1 h. In addition, to determine whether stress-induced changes in plasma corticosterone levels were influenced by the BrdU, time-dependent changes in plasma corticos-terone levels over 2 h after BrdU injection were com-pared with total accumulated plasma corticosterone lev-els [as determined by areas under the curve (AUC)]. Re-straint stress significantly reduced the numbers of BrdU-labeled cells and clusters in the granule cell layer (GCL) of rats that received BrdU after stress, and decreases of similar magnitude were observed when the rats were given BrdU before stress. BrdU injection enhanced the stress-induced plasma corticosterone response, but there was no difference between the mean AUCs of plasma corticosterone levels of animals injected with BrdU be-fore or after stress. These observations suggest that re-straint stress decreases granule cell proliferation, and that this may be influenced by the extent and duration of plasma corticosterone increases rather than by changes in the availability of BrdU.
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