Georgia Lily의 繁殖에 關한 硏究 : [第2報] 栽植깊이 및 方法이 木子着生에 미치는 影響 Effect of Planting-depths and Planting-methods in Formation Stem-bulblet

徐榮敎 忠南大學校 1969 論文集 Vol.8 No.-

The author studied on the effect of planting-depths and planting-methods in formation of stem-bulblet and fleshness of parent-bulb in Georgia Lily, Lilium Longi florum THUNB. "Georgia" to find the best method of bulblet production. The results are summarized as follows : 1. Although there were more bulblets in the horizontal-planting methods covered thrice and quadruple of bulb-height and inverse-planting method covered thrice, the best method of bulblet production was, in view of fleshness of bulblets and parent-bulbs, straight-planting method covered thrice. 2. There were more bulblet in the range of 3cm bellow the soil surface, and formation of bulbet showed the tendency that the closer to the closer to the soil surface the more closely adhered stem-bulblets. 3. In view of fleshness, the best bulblets were found in the range of 3-9cm below the soil surface. 4. In the fleshness of parent-bulb, it was better in straight-planting method than in other methods, but there was no significance concerning the planting-depths in the straight-planting method.

연구논문 : "돌궐(突闕) 비문(碑文)"에 보이는 yadar(도보자(徒步者))

서영교 동국사학회 2010 동국사학 Vol.49 No.-

唐初에 騎兵의 下馬步鬪는 一般化되어 있었다. 當時 騎兵은 馬위에서만 싸우지 않았다. 唐도 突闕係인 薛延陀도 자신의 騎兵에게 그 訓練을 시켰다. 下馬步鬪戰術은 記錄上 인 薛延陀가 開發한 戰術이다. 5人을 1個組로 編制하여 1人으로 執馬하게 하고, 4人은 步兵隊列을 지어 앞에서 싸우게 했다. 勝利하면 4人은 隊列 뒤에 있는 1人의 執馬者에게 馬를 받아 타고 追擊하였다. 薛延陀는 630年代 初부터 下馬步鬪戰術로 草原의 競爭者들을 물리쳤다. 下馬는 馬力이 急히 枯渴되는 것을 막았다. 682年 突闕 第2帝國의 再建 軍事活動을 傳하는`暾欲谷碑(1碑 西面)에 "[700명 가운데] 2/3는 馬를 타고 있었고, 1/3은 徒步(yadar)했다"라고 적혀 있다. 徒步者들이 戰鬪를 한 것이 確實하며, 그것은 馬가 없어서라기보다 상황에 따라 그렇게 했다고 보는 것이 自然스럽다. 遊牧民에게 騎馬의 反對말은 徒步라는 等式이 成立된다. 徒步하기 위해서는 반드시 下馬해야 한다. 1/3의 徒步者, yadar는 바로`下馬`를 전제로 하는 것이며, 騎兵으로서 땅에 내려 步兵戰鬪를 하는 했다는 의미라 할 것이다. 唐の初期に 騎兵の 下馬步鬪は 一般化されていた。當時、 騎兵は 馬の上だけではなかった。 唐も 突闕係の薛延陀も 自分の 騎兵にあの 訓練を させた。 下馬步鬪戰術は 記錄上 の 薛延陀が 開發した 戰術である。 5人を 1個組に 編制して 1人に 執馬するようにして、 4人は步兵隊列を 作って先に?うようにした。 勝利すれば 4人は 隊列の後ろにある1人の 執馬者に 馬を もらって?って 追擊した。 薛延陀は 630年代の初から 下馬步鬪戰術に 草原の 競爭者だちを?って勝った 下馬は 馬力が 急に 枯渴されるのを阻んだ。 682年 、突闕 第2帝國の再建 軍事活動を傳する`暾欲谷碑(1碑 西面)に "[700の中、] 2/3は 馬に のっていたし、1/3は 徒步(yadar)した。"と書いてある。 徒步者だちが 戰鬪をしたのが 確かで、あれは馬がなくてはなく、場合によってそうしたとみるのが 自然だ。 遊牧民に 騎馬の 反對は 徒步という 等式が 成立になる。 徒步するためは かならず下馬すべきだ。 1/3の 徒步者, yadarは いわゆる`下馬を前提にすることで、 騎兵として地に降りて 步兵戰鬪をしたの意味だと言える。

화분(花盆)의 수분증발(水分蒸發)이 분식화훼류(盆植花卉類)의 생육(生育)에 미치는 영향(影響)

서영교,Suh, Youn-gkyo 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1977 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.4 No.2

분종류(盆種類)에 따른 수분증발량(水分蒸發量), 분내토양온도(盆內土壤溫度) 및 토양공기조성(土壤空氣組成)의 차(差)를 조사(調査)하고, 이들 조건(條件)이 분식물(盆植物)의 생육(生育)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 구명(究明)하기 위해 본(本) 실험(實驗)을 수행(遂行)하였다. 분종류(盆種類)는 토분(土盆)(CP), 도자기분(盆)(POP), 프라스틱분(盆)(PLP)을 사용(使用)하였으며, 토분(土盆)을 사용(使用)할 경우 수분증발량(水分蒸發量)을 감소시키기 위한 방법(方法)으로서 토분외벽(土盆外壁)에 녹색(綠色)페인트를 칠한 것(CP-P), 투명(透明)니스를 칠한 것(CP-V), 토분내면(土盆內面)에 polyethylene film을 깐 것(CP-PI) 및 토분(土盆)의 분토표면(盆土表面)을 흑색(黑色) polyethylene film으로 피복한 것(CP-PM) 등을 사용(使用)하였다. 공시식물(供試植物)로서는 봉선화, 국화(菊花), 코스모스, 양담장이, 제라늄, 코키아, 만수국(萬壽菊), 엽모단(葉牡丹) 및 샐비어등(等)을 사용(使用)하였다. 1. PLP, POP, CP-P, CP-V 및 CP-PI에서 자란 식물(植物)은 CP에서 자란 식물(植物)보다 건물중(乾物重)이 무거웠다. 2. 모든 공시식물(供試植物)의 초장(草長)은 PLP, POP, CP-P, CP-V 및 CP-PI에서는 CP에서 보다 컸다. 3. Geranium의 엽수(葉數)는 PLP, POP, CP-P 및 CP-V는 CP에 비(比)해 많았다. 4. Balsam의 전생육기간중(全生育期間中)의 개화수(開花數)는 PLP, CP-P, POP, CP-V 및 CP-PI는 CP에 비(比)해 많았다. Marigold는 balsam과 비슷한 경향(傾向)을 나타내었으며, salvia는 화수수(花穗數)는 차(差)가 없으나 화수장(花穗長) 및 소화수(小花數)는 balsam 및 marigold의 개화수(開花數)와 동일(同一)한 경향(傾向)을 나타내었다. 5. PLP와 POP의 1일(日) 평균(平均) 증발량(蒸發量)은 CP의 약(約) 43%였으며, CP는 총증발량(總蒸發量)의 2/3가 벽면(壁面)을 통(通)해 증발(蒸發)되었다. 6. 분(盆)으로부터의 수분증발율(水分蒸發率)은 PLP, POP, CP-P, CP-V, CP-PI, CP-PM 및 CP의 순으로 늦었으며, 수분함량(水分含量)은 벽면증발(壁面蒸發)이 억제(抑制)된 분(盆)에서 관수(灌水) 1일후(日后)부터 CP보다 많았다. 7. 분토(盆土)의 온도(溫度)는 증발량(蒸發量)이 많은 분(盆)일수록 낮았으며, 분종류(盆種類)에 따른 온도차(溫度差)는 주간(晝間)에는 컷으나 야간(夜間)에는 적었다. 8. 분토중(盆土中)의 산소농도(酸素濃度)는 무공성분(無孔性盆)이 CP에 비(比)해 약간 낮았고, 그 차이(差異)는 0.40~1.2%였으며, 산소농도(酸素濃度)의 범위는 17.95~19.62%였다. 탄산(炭酸)깨스농도(濃度)는 무공성분(無孔性盆)이 토분(土盆)보다 높았으며, 농도(濃度)범위는 0.59~1.76%였는데 이 범위의 공기조성(空氣組成)은 식물생육(植物生育)에 아무런 영향을 미치지 않았다. 9. 분토(盆土)의 수분함량(水分含量)과 식물생육간(植物生育間)에는 정(正)의 상관(相關)을 나타내었다. 10. CP에 재배(栽培)한 식물(植物)은 PLP에 재배(栽培)한 식물(植物)보다 지상부중(地上部中)의 총질소함량(總窒素含量)이 약간 많았으며 C/N율(率)이 다소 낮은 경향(傾向)을 나타내었다. 이러한 결과(結果)로 보아 분내토양공기중(盆內土壤空氣中)의 산소(酸素) 및 탄산(炭酸)깨스농도(濃度)는 분식물(盆植物)의 생육(生育)을 조해(阻害)할 정도로 낮아지거나 높아지지 않아서 분식물(盆植物)의 생육(生育)에 영향(影響)을 미치지 않으며, 벽면증발량(壁面蒸發量)의 다소(多少)에 따른 분내토양중(盆內土壤中)의 수분함량(水分含量)의 변화(變化)가 분식물(盆植物)의 생육(生育)에 가장 큰 This study was carried out to obtain the informations about evaporation from pot, soil temperature and soil atmosphere composition in pot, and the effect on the growth of nine ornamental species using seven different containers. The investigated containers were clay pot(CP), clay pot painted in green(CP-P), varnished clay pot(CP-V), polyethylene film inserting in clay pot(CP-PI), clay pot mulched with black polyethylene film(CP-PM), porcelain pot(POP), and plastic pot(PLP). Nine ornamental species were balsam(Impatiens balsamina), chrysanthemum(Chrysanthemum morifolium), cosmos(Cosmos bipinatus), English ivy(Hedera helix), geranium(Pelargonium zonale), kochia(Kochia scoparia var. trichophila), marigold(Tagetes patula), ornamental kale(Brassica oleraceae var. acephala), and salvia (Salvia splendens). The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Dry weight of all tested species grown in PLP, POP, CP-P, CP-V and CP-PI was heavier than that of CP. 2. Plant height in nine tested species grown in PLP, POP, CP-P, CP-V, and CP-PI was taller than that of CP. 3. Geranium grown in PLP, POP, CP-P, and CP-V gave more number of leaf than that of CP. 4. The number of flower in balsam grown in PLP, POP, CP-P, CP-V and CP-PI was more than that of CP. The result from marigold was very similar to this tendency. Spike length and floret number in salvia gave the same tendency, but its spike number was not different among containers used. 5. The average diurnal evaporation from PLP and POP was about 43% of that of CP. About two third of total evaporation from CP was through pot wall. 6. The evaporation rate from the slowest to the highest was PLP, POP, CP-P, CP-V, CP-PI, CP-PM and CP. Containers inhibiting evaporation through pot wall hold more soil moisture than CP from one day after water supply. 7. The more evaporative water-loss from containers gave the lower soil temperature. The variation of soil temperature among containers was higher during the day than the night. 8. The $O_2$ concentration of soil atmosphere in CP was higher than that of nonporous containers, and the difference between them was 0.40-1.12%. The range of the $O_2$ concentration 17.95~19.62%. The $CO_2$ concentration of soil atmosphere in CP was lower than that of nonporous containers, and its range was 0.59-1.76%. This deviation in soil atmosphere composition did not influenced on the growth of plants. 9. There was a possitive correlation between the amount of soil water and the plant growth. 10. Plant grown on CP gave more total nitrogen content in top growth than that on PLP. C/N ratio was somewhat low in plant on CP. From the above results, $O_2$ and $CO_2$ concentration in soil atmosphere did not gave enough deviation to the extent which affect the plant growth. The effect of soil moisture on the plant growth using different containers was the far-most significant factor from this investigation. Therefore, it was obious that the utilization of the nonporous container might save the cost for water supply and reduce the production cost of the pot-grown ornamental plant in Korea eventually.

복식호흡 운동이 초등학생의 요통에 미치는 영향

서영교,정민수,이진환,민동기,이재홍,Seo, Young-Gyo,Jung, Min-Su,Lee, Jin-Hwan,Min, Dong-Gi,Lee, Jae-Hong 대한고유수용성신경근촉진법학회 2012 PNF and Movement Vol.10 No.3

Purpose : This study aims to analyze the effect of abdominal respiration on back pain of an Elementary Schoolchild. Methods : The data was collected from April 9 to April 27. We analyzed the descriptive statistics and paired t-test by SPSS 12.0 for windows. Results : The results of the study were as follow : The comparison of change in visual analogue scale showed effective differences before and after diaphragmatic breathing exercise. Conclusion : Thus, this study indicates that have a positive effect on Back Pain of an Elementary Schoolchild. Further trials, which give attention to these parts, are needed before any firm conclusions may be made.

고구려 기병과 등자 -고구려 고분벽화를 중심으로-

서영교 역사학회 2004 역사학보 Vol.0 No.181

On May 436, Koguryô(高句麗) troop stood face to face with Northern Wei`s(北魏) for occupying Hwa-ryong(北燕 和龍城-the Capital of Northern Yan). Koguryô entered the city and seized control of the place first. Koguryô plundered the town and armory. Without delaying, they withdrew toward east and captured the Emperor and people of Northern Yan. At that time, the two armies were in very imminent situations, there were no direct battle. After all Northern Wei gave up chasing and turned back. As a result of the situation, the high-ranking officials, generals and people were brought in Korean society. It seemed that stirrup might flew in the time too. Inflow of Northern Yans army in 436, improved Korean military power. Northern Yans cavalry incorporation was the decisive factor. Northern Yan was the country that succeeded to Later Yan(後燕), established by Xianbei(鮮卑). There were many horseman groups who were good at riding horse. After 436, the tensions between Koguryô and Northern Wei has continued, there were some possibility of surprising attack by large-scale Northern Wei`s cavalry. To Goguryeo, the large-scale cavalry has became the core subject to survive in that times. Reflecting these atmosphere, it is no surprise that having a stirrup(鐙子) could made people ride horse easily in Koguryô. It was unavoidable due to the condition, being threatened by Northern Wei and inflow of soldiers and weapons of Northern Yan.

신라 혜공왕대의 星變과 政變

서영교 영남대학교 민족문화연구소 2005 민족문화논총 Vol.31 No.-

연개소문의 對설연타 공작과당태종의 안시성 撤軍 - 『資治通鑑』 권198, 貞觀 19년 8·12월조 『考異』의 「實錄」 자료와 관련하여 -

서영교 동북아역사재단 2014 東北亞歷史論叢 Vol.- No.44

In 645 war broke out between Koguryo and Tang China. That year, Tang annihilated the Koguryo army of 150,000 at Mt. Jupil. Then the Koguryo ruler Yeon Gaesomun sent an envoy to Mongolia, where Xue Yantuo was experiencing financial difficulties. The Koguryo envoy promised the Khan great profits. The Khan’s state of health worsened. However, his son had a military force. Koguryo must bribe his son. In the seventh month of 645, the Khan’s army invaded Tang China. However, due to the death of the Khan, the army withdrew from Ordos China. In the Koguryo-Tang war there was a lull from late in the sixth month to early in the eighth month in 645. During this period, Koguryo had time to reorganize its military. 1n the eighth month China attacked the Koguryo army but Ansi Castle (安市城) did not fall. At the funeral, a coup occurred, with the winner taking charge of seizing Xue Yantuo. In the ninth month Taizhong heard the information regarding Koguryo. He withdrew from Koguryo because the new ruler of Mongolia would invade China again. Yeon Gaesomun led diplomacy that succeeded in Mongolia and the Chinese army withdrew from Koguryo. 645년 고구려와 당나라와 전쟁이 벌어졌다. 그해 6월 당태종이 고구려 중앙군 15만을 대파했다. 그러자 연개소문은 설연타의 진주가한을 매수하기 위해 사신을 몽골리아에 보냈다. 당시 설연타는 당태종의 딸과 혼인 파기로 막대한 경제적 손해를 보았고, 부하들의 이탈로 어려움을 겪고 있었다. 고구려의 사신이 설연타 진주가한의 牙帳에 도착해 厚利를 제안했다. 가한은 臥病으로 누워있었다. 군사력은 그의 두 아들이 가지고 있었다. 결과는 고구려가 원하는 방향으로 돌아갔다. 645년 7월에 설연타가 당의 수도권과 인접한 오르도스를 침공했고, 夏州까지 남하여 전투가 벌어졌다. 직후 진주가한이 사망하자 설연타군은 철수했다. 6월 23일에서 8월 10일 사이에 당군은 안시성을 공격하지 않았다. 고구려는 전열을 재정비할 수 있는 소중한 시간을 가졌다. 8월 당태종은 안시성에 대한 공격을 본격화 했지만 안시성은 함락되지 않았고, 신성과 건안성의 고구려 병력이 10만에 달했다. 한편 설연타 진주가한의 장례식에서 정변이 일어났고, 승리자인 적자 발작이 설연타의 全部衆을 장악하고 가한으로 바로 즉위했다. 설연타의 왕위계승이 장기적 내전으로 가리라 여겼던 당태종의 예상이 빗나갔다. 9월 7일 그는 진주가한의 죽음에 애도를 표한 후 18일 고구려에서 철수하여 내몽골로 향했다. 설연타가 당을 재침하려 하고 있었다. 연개소문의 공작 성공으로 전선은 고구려의 안시성에서 몽골리아로 옮겨갔다.

文武王代 倭典의 再設置와 對日外交

서영교 한국전통문화대학교 한국전통문화연구소 2003 한국전통문화연구 Vol.1 No.-

퇴적물속도측정기를 이용한 대한해협 사질퇴적물의 음향특성

서영교,김대철 한국음향학회 2000 韓國音響學會誌 Vol.19 No.3

사질퇴적물의 함량이 높은 대한해협 퇴적물에 대해 새로운 음파전달속도 측정 장비(sediment sound velocimeter)를 이용 음파전달속도와 물리적 성질을 측정하여, 연구지역의 지음향 및 물리적 특성을 제시하였다. 연구지역 퇴적물의 물성 및 음파전달속도 변화는 조직의 변화에 의해 크게 좌우되는 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과 음향 및 물성 값을 바탕으로 연구지역을 3개 지역(provinces; mid-shelf, shelf margin and trough)으로 구분할 수 있었으며, 이러한 결과는 탄성파 단면 분석을 통해 시스템 트랙과 퇴적계로 지역구분한 기존의 결과[14]와 잘 일치한다. 연구를 통해 새롭게 제시된 3개 지역의 지음향모델은 Briggs and Fischer[5]가 제시한 기존의 대한해협 지 음향모델의 수정모델로 제시한다. Laboratory determinations of acoustic and physical properties in Korea Strait sediment were carried out. Sediment sound velocimeter(SSV) was employed to measure the sound velocity of sandy sediment. Distribution patterns of the acoustic and physical properties are controlled by sediment texture. The study area is divided into three provinces(mid-shelf, shelf margin and enough) based on the acoustic and physical properties. This classification matches well with the previous result[14] based on the systems tracks and depositional systems. We suggest a geoacoustic model of the Korea Strait that replacing the old model of Briggs and Fisher[5].

혜성의 출현과 신라하대 왕위쟁탈전 - 張保? 被殺과 관련하여 -

서영교 부산경남사학회 2007 역사와 경계 Vol.62 No.-

The Comet Hally & Chang Bo-Go Seo, Young-Kyo ∥ Chung Nam University syk367@naver.com I n 836 the competition of sucession was a really pitiable. Royal family Kim Myong surrounded a king's palace and killed his uncle, Kim Kyung-Jung. This is only struggle for power without cause. The scope of a state anarchy spread widely In Silla. The rebellion lasted over four years. This was a long and bitter conflict. A terrible comet Hally of extraordinary magnitude in the summer of 837. Therefore, people mind enough became gloomy. It was probably the effects most injurious to the existing political and social order at this stage. In the objective aspect, the astronomical disaster and rebellion not interrelated each other. They were caused by insecurity of a national structure as it's a crisis more higher. Another comet appeared in the sky for three month in the winter of 838. The comet give the chance that Chang Bo-Go exercised his force. The establishment of Chenghejin was on the assumption that King Hung-Deok didn't give any support for it. The Jingol-Noble admited the establishment of Chenghejin to protect the transport of their profites. Chenghejin guaranteed the profit of Jingol-Noble products, What is more, it open the way of their consumptions. But the result turned the strengthening of Chang Bo-Go's force foundations. It was sure that Chang Bo-Go needs a considerable sum of money to maintain his military force. That was supplied by exchanging the luxury imported by Chang Bo-Go to the profit of Jingol-Noble's manor and ranch.