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From an Official to a First Language: The Growth of English in Singapore and its Relevance to Korea
안수웅,서강옥,Lim, Beng Soon 한국영어학회 2005 영어학 Vol.5 No.1
The purpose of this paper was to investigate how English evolved in Singapore from an official language to a first language today and how the English language policy in Korea can benefit from the perspective of the success story of Singapore in an Asian context. This study traces the spread of English in Singapore since its founding in 1819. Though Singapore was a British colony for 140 years, English was not imposed upon the people by the colonial government. It was through the voluntary choice of the people that English evolved into the present status. The gradual increase of the number of English-medium schools was responsible for the spread of English. When English was declared to be the medium of instruction in all schools in 1987, English-medium education was already universal. Today 70% of Singaporeans are proficient in English and in 23% of the homes English is the dominant language of the household. Singapore's case suggests that gradual changes must precede a drastic change in the language policy such as adopting English as an official language in Korea.