급성 골수성 백혈병에서 다약제내성(MDR-1) 유전자 발현의 빈도 및 임상적 의의

백진호,박성원,김동환,정진태,곽동석,박소향,손상균,서장수,이건수,이재태,이규보 경북대학교 병원 2001 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.5 No.1

배경:백혈병 치료성적이 나쁜 이유 중 하나는 항암제에 대한 내성이며 특히 다약제내성(MDR-1)유전자의 과발현이 치료실패의 중요한 원인이다.가장 많이 알려진 P-당단백은 MDR-1 유전자에 의해 발현된 transmembrane단백으로 항암제가 암세포내로 유입 축적되는 것을 방해함으로써 내성을 나타낸다.급성 골수성 백혈병에서 MDR-1유전자의 발현빈도와 항암치료에 대한 반응, 환자의 성, 나이, 염색체 이상, 혈청 LDH, 혈청 thymidine kinase, 수행능력, 백혈병의 아형, 혈색소, 말초혈액 및 골수의 골수아세포의 비율, CD34와 CD7 세포면역표지자 등과의 연관성에 대해 알아보았으며, 화학요법을 시행받은 환자를 대상으로 MDR-1유전자 발현과 완전 관해유도, 무병생존기간 및 전체생존기간의 임상경과를 비교 검토하였다. 방법:1994년 3월부터 1999년 6월까지 경북대학교 병원 혈액종양내과에서 처음 진단받은 급성 골수성 백혈병환자 36명을 대상으로 골수 또는 말초혈액을 채취하여 RNA를 추출하여 MDR-1 유전자와 β-actin분절의 시발체를 이용하여 역전이중합효소연쇄반응으로 PCR합성체를 만들어 전기영동하여 MDR-1유전자의 발현유무를 확인하였다. 결과:평균 연령은 43.69세(18∼77세)였으며, 남녀수는 16명과 20명이었다.MDR-1유전자는 19명(52.8%)에서 발현되었으며 MDR-1유전자의 발현율과 CD34와 CD7 세포면역표지자의 연관성을 분석한 결과 통계적으로 유의한 상관관계가 있었다.염색체 검사의 소견에서 예후가 양호한 군이 27명(75.0%), 예후가 나쁜 군은 9명(25.0%)이었고,MDR-1유전자 발현율과 연관성을 분석한 결과 MDR-1유전자 음성군에서 양호한 예후를 나타내는 염색체는 19명 중 11명(57.9%)으로 유의한 연관성을 보였다.관해유도화학요법후 말초혈액에서 골수아세포가 소실될 때까지의 시간은 MDR-1유전자 음성군이 5.4일로 양성군의 12.0일보다 짧았으나 통계적인 의미는 없으며, MDR-1유전자 발현은 환자의 나이, 수행능력, 백혈병 아형, 혈색소, 말초혈액 및 골수의 골수아세포 비율, 혈청LDH, 혈청 thymidine kinase, 비장종대 유무, 알부민 수치 등과 연관성이 없었다.MDR-1유전자 발현과 완전 관해유도와의 연관성을 분석한 결과 MDR-1유전자 음성군에서는 14명 중 13명(92.9%)이, 양성군에서는 12명 중 4명(33.3%)이 완전관해가 유도되어 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 무병생존기간과 전체 생존기간과의 연관성을 분석한 결과 통계적인 차이가 없었다. 결론:급성 골수성 백혈병에서 MDR-1유전자 발현율은 염색체 분류와 더불어 관해유도화학요법의 치료반응 유무를 예견할 수 있는 유용한 지표로 사용될 수 있고, 향후 치료전략을 수립하는데 참고할 자료가 되리라고 본다. Background:The expression of the multidrug resistance-1(MDR-1) gene which encodes p-glycoprotein, is recognized as a biological mechanism possibly contributing to treatment failure in patients with acut myeloid leukemia(AML). Recent studies indicate its association with poor risk factors such as cytogenetic partten and surface phenotype of blasts.We analyzed the role of MDR-1 gene expression in 36 chemo-naive AML patients. Methods: In 36 patients, clinical data were reviewed and compared to MDR-1 gene expression, immunophenocyping results on CD7 & CD34, cytogenetic pattern and other suggestive prognostic factors. Results: Median follow-up period was 250 days. The MDR-1 geng expression was obserned in 19 out of 36 patients(52.8%). Significant correlation between MDR-1 gene and CD7 & CD34 expression was found. SIxteen out of 17(94.1%) MDR-1 negative patients harbored favorable cytogenetic patterns, where as 11 out of 19 (57.9%) MDR-1 positive patients had favorable cytogenetic patterns. MDR-1 gene expression was not correlated to disease ferr survival(DFS), nor overall survival(OS) statistically although it has shown significant correlation to complete remission(CR) rate(p=0.001). Conclusion: We found that lack MDR-1 geng expression was exclusively associated to favorable cytogenetic patterns in our study.In order of MDR-1 geng and clinical outcome or other prognostic features, including cytogenetic pattren,further larger studies would be necessary.(Korean J Hematol 2000;35:117~125)

뇌졸중 환자의 상지운동능력과 보행능력에 대한 상상연습의 효과

백진호,손건태 한국자료분석학회 2013 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.15 No.2

The objective of this study is to examine the effects of a mental practice on upper extremity motor function and a gait function of acute stroke patients. For this study, 32 patients who received both physical therapy and occupational therapy in a hospital in Busan were classified into two groups (the treatment group and the control group). They received both physical therapy and occupational therapy. The treatment group, in addition, underwent the mental practice program for eight weeks. The mixed model of the repeated measure design and the analysis of covariate variance was applied to examine the effects of a mental practice for each ability separately. For the upper extremity motor function, two variables, group and sex, were used as categorical variables. As results, all variables are statistically significant and the mental practice can improve the upper extremity motor function. For the 10m walking, group and sex were also used as categorical variables. As results, all variables are statistically significant and the mental practice can also improve the 10m walking ability. The results of conducting the mental practice to the acute stroke patients revealed that the upper extremity motor function and the gait function were improved. Diverse researches which built fundamentals of mental practice are thought to be more necessary in improving stroke patients' function. 본 연구는 뇌졸중 환자의 상지운동능력과 보행능력에 대한 상상연습의 효과를 규명하고자 시행한 실험연구이다. 부산 B병원에 뇌졸중으로 입원한 32명의 환자를 실험군과 대조군으로 무작위 배분하여 8주간 재활훈련을 실시하였다. 대조군은 기존의 운동치료만을 받는 환자군이며, 실험군은 기존 운동치료와 상상연습 프로그램 중재를 함께 받는 환자군이다. 재활훈련효과를 측정하기 위하여 상지운동능력검사와 보행능력검사를 동일 환자에 대하여 3회(0주차, 4주차, 8주차) 실시하였다. 상지운동능력과 보행능력을 구분하여 반복측정-공분산분석 모형을 각각 적용하였으며, 초기상태를 나타내는 0주차 측정결과를 공변량으로 사용하였고, 성별을 인자로 추가 고려하였으며, 4주차와 8주차를 반복측정자료로 사용하였다. 상지운동능력과 보행능력에 대하여 실험군이 대조군보다 우수한 재활결과를 보이는 것으로 판정되었다. 즉, 뇌졸중 환자의 재활치료에서 상상연습이 효과가 있음을 알 수 있었다.

스케이트반력 측정 시스템 개발

백진호,이순호,곽정구,전명규 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2000 체육과학연구 Vol.11 No.2

반력 측정 시스템의 개발은 운동종목의 특징에 따라 기구나 조건이 다양하고 많은 제한점을 갖는다. 특히 로드셀의 제작은 운동종목의 조건과 특성에 맞는 설계에서 어려움이 크고, 특히 온도의 변화 그리고 셀의 응력이나 비틀림에 의한 신호의 왜곡을 보정하는 메카니즘이 가장 중요하다. 본 연구는 무선 스케이트반력 측정 시스템을 개발하였는데 시스템의 기능은 트리거 신호를 샘플링 & 홀드의 방법으로 시간차 없이 실시간으로 수신하고, 신호에 대한 양자화의 조절 기능을 높일 수 있는 증폭기와 신호 조절기를 고 정밀도화 하였으며, 마이크로 콘트롤러 및 인터페이스를 이용한 시스템의 소형화를 구현하였다.

스포츠 과학 : 체조 연기내용분석 및 정성적 분석을 통한 아시아경기대회 지원 및 결과분석

백진호 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2007 스포츠과학 Vol.98 No.-

공에 적용된 생체역학

백진호 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2003 스포츠과학 Vol.83 No.-

평행봉 Giant swing 계통의 고난도 연기수행을 위한 단계적 훈련모형 개발

백진호,곽창수 한국코칭능력개발원 2004 코칭능력개발지 Vol.6 No.2

본 연구는 평행봉 고난도의 기술 수행을 유도하여 경기력 향상에 기여하고자 평행봉 경기의 영상자료에 의한 주요선수를 대상으로 평행봉 운동의 Giant swing 계통의 기본 기술과 응용기술을 분석하여 기술적 이해를 정립하고고난도 기술훈련을 위한 예비통작의 연습방법을 제시함으로써 현장에서 직접 활용할 수 있는 단계적 기술 훈련 및지도모형을 개발하고자 실시하였다. 기본기술에 대한 훈련모형은 Giant Swing 계통의 기초기술에 대해 동작분석을통해 얻은 자료와 현장 전문 지도자들과 코칭스탭들의 의견수렴을 토대로 기술적 이해와 지도요령을 정립하는데 중점을 두었고 응용기술에 대한 훈련모형은 Giant swing 계통의 응용기술인 Wells, Giant Swing bwd. withDiamidov, Belle, Belle piked 기술과 같은 고난도 기술에 대해 국내·외 주요 대회와 국가대표선수들의 연기를 대상으로 한 동작분석 자료와 현장 전문 지도자들의 의견을 토대로 동작설명, 동작의 분석, 실시요령, 예비동작, 주안점,주의사항, 보조법 등의 기술적 이해와 지도요령을 정립하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 체육관련 연구 영역의 상대적으로 미흡하였던 기계체조 기술훈련에 대한 이해정립과 과학적 훈련 및 지도모형을 제시함으로서 이론적 지식기반의 확장뿐만 아니라 체조의 스포츠과학 적용 차원에서 그 가치가 클 것으로 기대된다. The purpose of this study is set up the technical understanding through analyzing the basic skills applied skills of Giant swing in parallel bar based on the video tape of the national athletes in main national events, 2002 Busan Asian Games, 2003 World Championship, and 2003 Daegu Universiade Games. This study is made a program of developing gradual skill training model which can be put to practical use on the filed by presenting training method of preliminary motions for hi-technical training. Training program of basic skill is given to priority to setting up technical understanding and main point of coaching based on opinions of the experts in coaches and data through motion analysis about fundamental skills of Giant swing. Training program of applied skill sets up technical understanding and teaching method and motion explanation, motion analysis, main point of performance, the principal point of skill which are based on opinions of the coaches and motion analysis data about hi-tech skills of Giant Swing. The results of this study is expected to be great worth applying science to gymnastics as well as expanding basis of theoretical knowledge by presentation of understanding. scientific training for gymnastics skill training which leaves much to be desired.

국가대표 접영선수의 방향전환 동작 평가

백진호,이순호,문영진 한국운동역학회 2004 한국운동역학회지 Vol.14 No.1

J. H. Back, S. H. LEE, Y. J. Moon. The kinematical Evaluation of Natural Team's Butterfly Turn motion. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 117-131, 2004. The foreign superior players and national team players' turning phase was measured, compared and analyzed to help the representative players improve the skill of turn. The underwater video camera used to analyze and evaluate the representative players' skill of turn in detail and the result is as follows. 1. The record for the phase of turn was similar to the rank of the last record. The improvement of the skill of turn was required because Korean players' record was lower than the foreign players' one. In case of 200m events the 1st turn was the fastest and it took more time as the turn is repeated. 2. It shows that the preparation phase and turning motion cause the difference between the players and within one player. 3. The horizontal movement of center of gravity moves to turning point slowly in the preparation phase, does not move nearly in the turning phase and increase again in the propulsion phase. Good record has short time for turn phase. The result means that the shorten the turning phase is the most important factor. Therefore the preparation for this is required. The vertical movement is maintained or increase a little and then move to from the turning phase. 4. The characteristic of horizontal velocity in center of gravity is that there is any big changes at the preparation phase, the faster velocity is found from the better record and the accelerating time is fast at the propulsion phasen. The wrong motion is made by not using the swimming velocity for turning and waiting and more time is required by this. 5. The angle of knee when the player touch the turning point is 106.22435.56 and the maximum angle of knee during the driving after the touch of tuning point is full extension. The size of maximum angle of knee did not match with the required time of propulsion phase. It seems that the individual difference is big when the players touch the turning point the angle of knee and the research for the individual angle which can reveal the maximum power should be carried out. The national team player's skill for the turn is behind the foreign players' one and a lot of problems were found. It shows that the players could not practice the skill for turn during the training. The 1st reason for it is the various facilities like underwater window or analyzing equipment like underwater camera with which the coaches can teach and correct the players' detailed skill. It is need to evaluate the players' detailed skill exactly and correct it by objective data to complete the good skill in the future. In this regard, the investment for the facility is necessary.

철봉 엔도 360°엘그립 동작의 기술분석

백진호,박종철,윤종완,이용식,박종훈,Back, Jin-Ho,Park, Jong-Chul,Yoon, Jong-Wan,Lee, Yong-Sik,Park, Jong-Hoon 한국운동역학회 2006 한국운동역학회지 Vol.16 No.3

This study was attempted to Kinematical characteristics of the Endo $360^{\circ}$El-grip Swing on the horizontal bar. To do this, we selected and analyzed the performance of two athletes who did Endo $360^{\circ}$El-grip Swing in the horizontal bar competition of male artistic gymnastic in the 22nd Universiad Games 2003 Daegu. We drew the conclusions from the kinematical factors that were came out through analyzing three-dimensional cinematography of the athletes' movements, by using two video cameras. In point of analyzing the actual competition situation, it is expected that gymnastics and coaches have the effective informations, and the following conclusion had resulted. 1. When performing Endo $360^{\circ}$El-Grip, the average for entire required time was $1.93{\pm}0.06sec$. The average for descent phase time was $0.24{\pm}0.02sec$, ascent phase time was 0.22${\pm}0.07sec$, connecting phase time was $0.87{\pm}0.07sec$, and El-Grip phase time was $0.61{\pm}0.02sec$. The descent phase need short period of time but however to have a stable performance, ensuring ascent and connecting phase time are needed. El-Grip phase need short period of time to have a stable re-grasp. 2. To have a convenient preparation for El-Grip in descent and ascent phase, lowering CM, and ease up in sway and plunge from the High Bar would make descent and ascent even more faster and would have increase effect in trunk rotation. 3. In descent and ascent phase, if shoulder angle and arm slope is dwindling then it would effect rotation angle so might risk it from hitting a Bar when putting legs in and out. 4. In connecting phase, it requires some time to show stable performance when El-Grip phase is continued by using hip angle which would make trunk rotation angle bigger and make descent and ascent time slower. 5. In El-Grip phase, when doing motions like hand standing. using hip angle more than maximum would make CM even faster and it is stable position while performing.

Histiocytic Sarcoma of the Spleen- A Case Report and Review of the Literature -

백진호,전윤경,박성신,민혜숙,김영아,김지은,김철우 대한병리학회 2005 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.39 No.5

True histiocytic sarcoma is an extremely rare tumor. Its clinicopathological features are not clearly understood. Here, we report the first Korean case of primary splenic histiocytic sarcoma. A 64-year-old female having refractory thrombocytopenia, anemia and splenic mass was admitted to the hospital, and received splenectomy. Grossly, spleen was enlarged up to 18×13×8 cm and occupied with multinodular masses. Microscopically, the masses were composed of atyical large cells with abudant cytoplasm and vesicular nuclei with prominent hemophagocytosis. The tumor cells were CD68 (+), S-100 protein (-), CD21 (-), CD1a (-). After splenectomy, thrombocytopenia and anemia were corrected. However two months later the symptoms recurred, and the patient died 15 months after splenectomy. This case shared the common clinicopathologic features with the several previously reported cases in other countries, represented by splenic mass formation and prominent hemophagocytosis associated with thrombocytopenia and anemia, often leading to poor outcome.

철봉운동 Deff 동작의 운동학적 분석

백진호 한국운동역학회 2006 한국운동역학회지 Vol.16 No.1