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백남천 서울대학교 농업개발연구소 1999 농업생명과학연구 Vol.3 No.-
Photoregulation of seed germination is the important character of plant species producing small seeds such as lettuce, tobacco, Arabidopsis, and Gramineae weeds, etc. It has been known that there is no photoblastism in rice seeds. Here we present at first that a photoblastic rice (PBR) seed was discovered among Korean weedy rice lines. The PBR seed identified among the 235 weedy rice lines germinated about 99% under white light and 0.3% in total darkness. When the PBR seeds were planted, it showed the variation of emergency rate according to the burial depth and temperature. In the 18/12℃ (day/night) diurnal condition, the emergency rate was 39% at 1 cm burial depth, 15% at 3~5cm, 5% at 7cm, and 1% at 10 cm. The deeper the seeds were planted, the lower the emergency showed. Under 24/22℃ condition, the emergency rate at 1 cm burial depth was only 6%. When the PBR seeds were stored at room temperature after harvest, seed dormancy and photoblastism were gradually decayed. The seed dormancy disappeared more than 90% after 3-month storage. Photoblastism disappeared 26% after 16 months and 63% after 28 months. The seed dormancy of the PBR was broken by high temperature(50℃ for 7days) to dry seeds and, however, the photoblastism was not influenced and still maintained. In the amount of light and imbibition time, the more the seeds were irradiated, the higher germination rate was. The more imbibition time before light was, the more germination was delayed. In the response of light quality, the germination rate of the PBR seeds was promoted by red light and inhibited by far-red light, indicating that the seed germination was controlled by phytochromes. It also showed photoreversibility. The seed germination of PBR was alternately promoted or inhibited by the final irradiation of red or far-red light.
Identification of QTL for Early Heading Date of H143 in Rice
백남천,류정훈,Soo-Cheul Yoo,Haitao Zhang,조성환 한국작물학회 2007 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.10 No.4
Rice is a facultative short-day plant that flowers in response to reduced day lengths. This study was conducted to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for the early heading date (EHD) using H143 line showing extreme EHD compared to other regular cultivars in rice. The japonica H143 was crossed with a japonica cultivar 'Dongjinbyeo' as well as a tongil cultivar 'Milyang23' to measure the inheritance mode of EHD and identify major QTL conferring EHD, respectively. Pooling test revealed that segregation distortion occurred on chromosome 7 and subsequent linkage map was constructed using 10 SSR markers. QTL analysis using Q-gene 3.06 revealed that the EHD trait in H143 was largely controlled by two major QTL, EH7-1 and EH7-2, accounting for more than 40% of genetic variation that were closely related to the previously reported QTL, Hd4 and Hd2, respectively. This result suggests that these two QTL markers may be a useful source for the control of heading date in rice breeding programs.
Barley yellow dwarf virus의 분자학적 동정 및 밀에서의 저항성 유전자원 탐색
백남천 서울대학교 농업개발연구소 2000 농업생명과학연구 Vol.4 No.-
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus (BYDV), an aphid-borne luteovirus, is a major plant pathogenic disease causing a huge economic loss in the grain production of a wide range of Gramineae species throughout the world. It has been recently reported that BYDV also occurred frequently in wheat field in Korea. We performed to develop the detection and classification methods of BYDV strains that were accomplished by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), to investigate the regional distributions of BYDV strains in Korea, and to identify the resistant cultivars or lines of wheat to the predominant BYDV strains, providing basic information for the breeding of BYDV-resistant wheat varieties. Since there are high variations among BYDV strains, three pairs of primers were designed to detect BYDV strains such as PAV(Vic-PAV and CN-PAV) and MAV (primer A) simultaneously, specifically Vic-PAV (primer B), and MAV (primer C) based on the genomic RNA sequences of BYDV strains reported previously. The validity of the primers was confirmed using several BYDV strains obtained from CIMMYT. Though three BYDV strains were able to be detected using primer A, PCR products were not distinguished between two PAV strains. It was possible to separate them with a restriction enzyme, EcoRI, whose restriction site was present in the amplified DNA fragment from Vic-PAV, but not from CN-PAV. Using these methods, the regional distribution of BYDV strains in Korea from 1999 to 2000 showed that PAV strain was mainly detected about 65% (Vic-PAV 52.6%; CN-PAV 47.4%) and MAV strain about 3%. Using ELISA test for the examination of BYDV resistance with 17 cultivars and 4 lines among Korean wheat, three cultivars, Gurumil, Topdongmil, and Olgurumil, were susceptible to BYDV and the others were resistant. In plant growth and yield component responses to BYDV infection, Gurumil showed significant difference between the uninfected and the infected, suggesting the most susceptible to BYDV among Korean wheat, but Eunpamil and Seohae118 did no difference, an indication that they have the highest resistance.
大麥의 半矮性 短稈 및 GA反應性의 遺傳 Ⅰ. 半矮性 短桿形質의 遺傳分析
Nam Chon Paek(白南天),Moo Hee Yang(楊武熙),Jai Wook Shim(沈載昱) 한국육종학회 1987 한국육종학회지 Vol.19 No.3
This investigation was carried out to identify dwarfing sources of five Korean barley cultivars, Baekdong, Namhae, Songhak, Paldal, and Dusan 8. Three foreign cultivars, Himalaya, Svanhals, and Baitori 10 were used as the genetic markers of the dwarf genes, br, br₂ and uz respectively. Eight cultivars were crossed by all possible combinations so as to know the genetic sources of their culm lengths. The major dwarf gene of Baekdong was the uz by which Baitori 10 was controlled. Songhak was controlled by two independent recessive dwarf genes and one of them was considered to be uz gene. The crosses between Korean cultivars, Namhae, Paldal and Dusan 8, and the cultivars of three genetic markers showed that three Korean cultivars were controlled by one recessive dwarf gene different from br,br₂ and uz gene. In the crosses among three Korean cultivars, Namhae, Paldal, Dusan 8, each one was controlled by different gene or genes from another ones.
大麥의 半矮性 短稈 및 GA 反應性의 遺傳 Ⅱ. 短稈에 對한 GA反應性의 遺傳
Nam Chun Paek(白南天),Jung Hyun Nam(南重鉉),Jai Wook Shim(沈載昱) 한국육종학회 1988 한국육종학회지 Vol.20 No.2
This investigation was carried out to reveal the relationship between dwarfing sources and gibberellic acid responses with semidwarf barley cultivars, Baekdong, Namhae, Paldal, Dusn 8 and dwarf marker cultivars, Himalaya (br), Svanhals(br₂), Baitori 10 (uz). For analyzing growth response of first leaf internode length and its inheritance to GA₃ treatment, all possible combination crosses of above cultivars were performed. The optimum GA₃ concentration for elongating responses of first leaf internode length was 10ppm in barley. Five cultivars, such as Baekdong, Namhae, Hymalaya, Svanhals, Baitori 10 were low growth response of first leaf internode elongation to GA₃ while others were intermediate. Dominant alleles to dwarf genes, such as br⁺, br⁺₂, uz⁺ expressed complementary epistasis in the growth responses of first leaf internode length to GA₃ and it was revealed that Baekdong has the uz gene of Baitori 10 because of its same response. The growth response of first leaf internode length in Namhae showed complementarity of 2 dominant genes as that of the marker cultivars and the genes which control the responses of first leaf internode length in Paldal and Dusan 8 were considered to be same pattern in controlling their responses.