박 보리스의 생애와 한국학 연구

박벨라보리소브나 ( Bella B. Pak ) 인하대학교 한국학연구소 2013 한국학연구 Vol.0 No.29

This article attempts to describe the life and activity of the outstanding scientist of Korean studies Boris Dmitrievich Pak, major milestones of his career in science, shaping him as a scholar, an important focus of his research, the most important works. assess his contribution to Korean studies, to the forming the new generation of scientists, his social activities, to show his place in the domestic and the international scientific community, to tell about a time when he had to live and work, the difficulties that he as a son of the “enemy of the people” and a representative of the repressed people had to overcome. The author also wanted in addition to the analysis of B. D. Pak ‘s works to help to get to know him, to reveal some features of his personality, human side, based on her personal experiences. The article describes the childhood years, deportation, education in the Central State University, postgraduate studies, the first monograph. It described period after the move to Moscow and work at the Institute of Oriental Studies, analyzes his main works. The author gives the characteristic of the school of B. D. Pak, his international and social activities. Boris D. Pak was born on January 4th, 1931 in Vladivostok, in the family of Pak Dynnen and Choi Yon Ai. In 1937, his father was arrested “as a Japanese spy” and shot. He was posthumously rehabilitated in 1958. Boris’s family survived the deportation of the Korean population in Kazakhstan and Central Asia. Being a “son of an enemy of the people” B. D. Pak from the early years experienced enormous hardships, was forced to do hard physical labor. But despite this he graduated from high school with honors in 1950 and joined the faculty of the Eastern Central Asian State University in Tashkent, as a history major. Already during his studies at the university he showed a great aptitude for scientific research. He took part in student conferences. His paper on the Japanese Communist Party in 1954, was published in the proceedings of the students. The collection opened with his article. Undoubted leadership qualities, excellent achievements in learning, talent, and a great capacity for work soon attracted attention and he was elected leader of the Young Communist League. After graduating with honors in 1956, B. D. Pak worked as a teacher of history and director of the school № 13 with the famous collective farm “Polar Star” in Middle-Chirchik district of Tashkent region. In 1962, Boris D. Pak enrolled in postgraduate studies at Moscow State Pedagogical Institute named after V. I. Lenin. This became possible with the death of Stalin, when for the Koreans in Central Asia and Kazakhstan the restrictions on studying and living outside the Central Asian republics were eased. In 1965 he defended his Ph. D. thesis “The liberation struggle of the Korean people on the eve of the First World War.” In 1967, it was published by the publishing house “Science”. After finishing graduate school, B. D. Pak was sent as a lecturer in the history of the East to Irkutsk State Pedagogical Institute. The most prolonged and intense “Siberian period” in the scientific activities of Boris Pak began. In September 1968, Boris Dmitrievich received academic rank of assistant professor and was elected Dean of the Faculty of History. In 1972, B. D. Pak enrolled in doctoral studies at Moscow State Pedagogical University, and in 1974 he defended his doctoral thesis on “Russia and Korea in the middle of XIX - early XX century.” After that, he was elected chair of World History. In 1977 he was awarded the title of professor. He becomes the leading scientist in Siberia on Korea and East Asia. B. D. Pak is the author of over 200 scientific papers. His writings on the history of Russian-Korean relations, the history of Russian Koreans recognized classic, translated into many languages. Boris D. Pak is the founder of the trend in Korean Studies - History of Russian-Korean relations. His book “Russia and Korea” examines Russia's policy in Korea, the Russian-Korean relations since their inception in the thirteenth century until the annexation of Korea in 1910. A major landmark in his work since the mid 90's was the study of Korean anti-Japanese national liberation movement. On this issue he wrote his monographs, “the March First Movement in 1919 in Korea through the eyes of a Russian diplomat (1997)”(in collaboration with Pak Thegyn) and “The Recompence in the Harbin Railway Station”(1998) - the first monographic study of the An Junggeun. The name Boris Dmitrievich Pak linked with the development of the history of Russian Koreans as a scientific discipline. On this issue in the second half of the 90's he published the books: “The Koreans in the Russian Empire”(1994), “Koreans in Soviet Russia”(1995). They first examined the history of Korean immigration to the Russian Empire since the 50's XIX century up to 1937. From October 1999 until his death on December 24, 2012 B. D. Pak worked in the Department of Korea and Mongolia of the Institute of Oriental Studies Russian Academy of Sciences. In creative terms, these years have been extremely fruitful in the life of B. D. Pak. Written with Ninkolay F. Bugai the book “140 years in Russia. Essay on the history of Russian Koreans”(Moscow, 2004), dedicated to the 140 anniversary of the resettlement of Koreans in Russia, has been translated into Korean and became one of the most important works on the history of Russian Koreans. In 2006, Boris Dmitrievich Pak has published the book “USSR, the Communist International and the Korean liberation movement. 1918~1925”. B. D. Pak is the founder of the series of monographs “Russian Koreans” dedicated to outstanding representatives of the diaspora of Russian Koreans. He is the author-compiler and editor of books in this series(“Kim Mangym”, “Khan Myonse”, “Lee Bomjin”, “140 years in Russia”(in co. with N.F. Bugai), “Kim Pen Hwa”, “Alexandra Kim-Stankevich”, “Choi Jaehyen”, “Russian Koreans struggle for the independence of Korea. 1905~1919”, “Soviet Koreans in the Great Patriotic War of 1941~1945”). Within this series first appeared detailed biographies of the most prominent representatives of Koreans in prerevolutionary period and Soviet era, including those who have been subjected to repression during the Stalinist era. Great work led B. D. Pak and as archivist. Together with Y. V. Vanin prepared for publication, and was editor of the compiler of collections of documents and materials “Korea through the eyes of Russians, 1895~1945” and “The first news about Korea. 1675~1884”. B. D. Pak contributed greatly to the scientific training of historians. Under his leadership, 12 candidates and doctors of history were prepared. B. D. Pak contributed to the development and emergence in Russia, Korea, Japan and China of publications, which have based their approaches on the principles laid down by him. Attention to historical sources, the highest professionalism in their study are a distinctive feature of his research school. B. D. Pak created the International Centre for Asian Studies at the Irkutsk State Pedagogical University, that become one of the most famous centers for the study of Asia in Siberia. He developed the International relations of Irkutsk Pedagogical Institute with foreign research centers. He directed five international conferences with the participation of eminent scientists. As the editor published 12 issues of “Bulletin of the International Centre for Asian Studies IGPU.” B. D. Pak has worked hard to establish scientific cooperation between scientific institutions of Russia and South Korea. He is the Member of the National Institute study of national history(Kuksa phyonch'an wiwonhve) and “outstanding researcher” of the Institute of the independence movement of Independence Memorial(Tonnip kinyomgwan). He was an active participant in international scientific conferences in the Republic of Korea, Japan, Hungary, USA. He was the scientific adviser of documentaries KBC(Yoksa Special). B. D. Pak actively cooperated and helped Korean organizations abroad, was honorary president of the Korean Association of Irkutsk. He led an active social and political work. Elected to the Council of the city of Irkutsk, he was a brilliant lecturer in international studies. Scientific and public activity of B. D. Pak was highly appreciated both at home and abroad. He was the first Russian Korean who was awarded the title “Honored Worker of Science of the Russian Federation”(1992), member of the Academy of Humanities(1995), was awarded the “Friendship” order, medals of the Russian Federation, Mongolia and the Republic of Korea. Interest in the works of B. D. Pak continues unabated even after his death. In 2011, Seoul “Russia and Korea”, translated into Korean, and in September “Soviet Koreans in the Great Patriotic War” were published. In October 2012 the book “An Junggeun - National Hero of Korea” was issued. B. D. Pak can be put on a par with people whose ideas laid the foundation of modern Korean studies. Many scholars of Russian-Korean relations, the Korean national liberation movement, the history of Russian Koreans call him their spiritual mentor. His great contribution to the development of Korean widely recognized.