선천성 좌주관상동맥 완전 폐쇄 1예

박형욱,정명호,안영근,조정관,박종춘,강정채 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.10

의료현장에서의 폭력 예방을 위한 제언

박형욱 대한의사협회 2018 대한의사협회지 Vol.61 No.5

Healthcare workers face significant risks of workplace violence, which includes verbal, physical, and sexual assaults and harassment. Most violent acts are committed by patient and their family members, although in some cases, medical staff may perpetrate various types of violence against other medical staff. In the course of training, professors or senior residents sometimes criticize junior residents who make mistakes. However, beyond a certain point, the purpose of protecting the patient from harm is lost and only the violence remains. Various efforts should be made to prevent workplace violence against healthcare workers. First, it is necessary to investigate the actual incidence of workplace violence in healthcare settings. Second, each hospital should have a process in place to expedite the response when a violent act is reported. Third, the Korean Hospital Association should ask individual hospitals to take appropriate measures when victims file complaints with the Korean Hospital Association. Fourth, medical societies and the Korean Academy of Medical Sciences should strive to create a healthy training environment in which residents are respected and educated. Fifth, violence prevention education is needed as part of medical school coursework. Sixth, the Korean Medical Association should organize a consultative body including the Korean Academy of Medical Sciences, the Korean Hospital Association, and the Korean Association of Medical Colleges, to encourage the entire medical community to spread safety culture in health care settings. Through these efforts, a new safety culture should be created by integrating patient safety and worker safety in health care settings.

안전상비의약품 약국 외 판매의 의의와 과제

박형욱 대한의사협회 2012 대한의사협회지 Vol.55 No.9

In the US, over-the-counter (OTC) drugs have long been available in non-pharmacy outlets, and in the UK, general sale list medicines can be supplied without the need for the supervision of a pharmacist. Recently, the Japanese government allowed medications for colds or fever and painkillers, which account for 95% of general pharmaceuticals, to be sold at retail stores through the amendment to the Pharmaceutical Affairs Act. Among the key trends of the global OTC market are major changes in product distribution. However, in Korea, the independent pharmacy model traditionally has been the method of OTC distribution for many years. 19 years have passed since the first civil petition for non-pharmacy distribution of selected OTC drugs. At last in 2012, Korea revised the Pharmaceutical Affairs Act, allowing selected non-prescription drugs to be distributed by non-pharmacy outlets. The revised Pharmaceutical Affairs Act restricted the number of selected OTC drugs to under 20. The new Act included the registrations of nonpharmacy outlets and the mandatory education of the sellers. We must discuss the criteria for placement of medicines on the GSL, the reclassification system based on the safety profile of the medicines, and the expansion of non-pharmacy outlets. In preparation for the aged society, we should implement health policies to lower the price of pharmaceuticals by adopting the market principle thus giving consumers a broader choice.

머신러닝/ADAS 정보 활용 충돌안전 제어로직 개발

박형욱,송수성,신장호,한광철,최세경,하헌석,윤성로 사단법인 한국자동차안전학회 2022 자동차안전학회지 Vol.14 No.3

In the automotive industry, the development of automobiles to meet safety requirements is becoming increasingly complex. This is because quality evaluation agencies in each country are continually strengthening new safety standards for vehicles. Among these various requirements, collision safety must be satisfied by controlling airbags, seat belts, etc., and can be defined as post-crash safety. Apart from this safety system, the Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) use advanced detection sensors, GPS, communication, and video equipment to detect the hazard and notify driver before the collision. However, research to improve passenger safety in case of an accident by using the sensor of active safety represented by ADAS in the existing passive safety is limited to the level that utilizes the sudden braking level of the FCA (Forward Collision-avoidance Assist) system. Therefore, this study aims to develop logic that can improve passenger protection in case of an accident by using ADAS information and driving information secured before a collision. The proposed logic was constructed based on LSTM deep learning techniques and trained using crash test data.

생쥐 심방근 활동전위 특성에 미치는 유리 활성산소의 영향

박형욱,정대호,윤남식,고점석,임상엽,이상록,홍서나,김계훈,손일석,홍영준,김주한,김원,박령화,주정민,안영근,정명호,조정관,김재하,박종춘,강정채 대한심장학회 2006 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.36 No.2

Background and Objectives:Reactive oxygen species are known to be produced when atrial fibrillation develops.This study was performed to investigate the effects of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on the action potential parametersof the mouse atrium. Subjects and Methods:Mouse (ICR) atrial fibers were excised and immersed in cold bicarbonate-containing Tyrode’s solution. The preparations were then perfused with oxygenated (95% O2, 5% CO2)Tyrode’s solution and driven by an electrical stimuli 1 ms in duration at a frequency of 1 Hz. The transmembranepotentials were recorded at 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 30 minute, and compared between groups I (control), II (H2O2 0.1mM), III (H2O2 0.5 mM) and IV (H2O2 1 mM). Results:In group I, the maximal diastolic potential (MDP),action potential amplitude (APA), maximal slope at phase 0 depolarization (Vmax), action potential duration until50% and 90% of repolarization (APD50, APD90) were unchanged with increasing time. In group II, the MDP andAPA were unchanged, but the Vmax was decreased, and the APD50 and APD90 prolonged. In group III, the MDPwas increased and the Vmax decreased; the APD50 and APD90 were prolonged, but the APA unchanged. In groupIV, the MDP was increased, the Vmax and APA decreased And the APD50 and APD90 prolonged. After-depolarizationwas observed in 40% (8/20) and 54.5% (12/22) of groups III and IV, respectively, and asystole occurred in18.2% (4/22) of group IV. Conclusion:Hydrogen peroxide changed the action potential parameters in both timeand dose dependent manner, and also elicited after-depolarization at higher concentrations. These results suggestreactive oxygen species are involved in the electrical remodeling and arrhythmogenesis in atrial myocardium.(Korean Circulation J 2006;36:108-114) 배경 및 목적: 심방세동이 발생하면 심방근의 산소 소모량이 급격히 증 가하고 혈류 증가 예비력이 현저히 저하되어 심방이 허혈상 태에 빠져 과량의 활성산소(reactive oxygen species)가 생 성되고 이 활성 산소는 심방세포를 지속적으로 손상시켜 심 방의 구조적, 기능적 변화를 일으킨다고 알려져 있다. 본 연 구는 활성산소의 하나인 hydrogen peroxide가 흰쥐 심방 근의 활동전위에 대한 노출 시간 및 농도에 따른 영향을 파 악하고자 시행되었다. 방 법: 경추 탈구법으로 실신시킨 흰쥐의 심장을 절개하여 심방을 분리해낸 다음 절편으로 만들어 Tyrode액을 관류시키고 1 시간 후 조직이 안정되면 표본을 미세전극을 이용하여 자극 하여(1 Hz, 1 ms) 활동전위(action potential: AP)를 유도하 고, 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 30분에 반복하여 기록하였다. 활동 전위로부터 최대이완기 전위(maximal diastolic potential: MDP, mV), 활동전위 크기(AP amplitude: APA, mV), 탈분 극 후 50%와 90% 재분극까지 활동전위 기간(AP duration: APD50, APD90, ms), phase 0 탈분극의 최대상승속도(Vmax, V/sec) 등을 분석하여 hydrogen peroxide를 투여하지 않은 대조군(Ⅰ군)과 hydrogen peroxide 0.1 mM(Ⅱ군), 0.5 mM (Ⅲ군), 1 mM(Ⅳ군)을 투여한 실험군을 비교하였다. 결 과: Ⅰ군에서 시간 경과에 따라 의미 있는 변화는 없었다. Ⅱ 군에서 MDP와 APA는 시간경과에 따른 유의한 변화는 없었 다. Vmax는 시간 경과에 따라 감소하였으며, APD50와 APD90 은 시간 경과에 따라 연장되었다. Ⅲ군에서 MDP는 변화가 없었으나 Vmax, APA는 감소하였고 APD50와 APD90은 연장 되었다. Ⅳ군에서 MDP는 상승하였으며 Vmax, APA는 점차 로 감소하였다. APD50과 APD90은 연장되었다. 지연 탈분극 이 Ⅲ군의 40%(8/20)에서, Ⅳ군의 54.5%(12/22)에서 관찰되 었고, Ⅳ군의 18.2%(4/22)에서 심방근 무수축(asystole)이 발 생하였다. 결 론: Hydrogen peroxide는 심방근 활동전위에 시간과 농도에 따라 탈분극 속도를 감소시키고 재분극 시간을 연장시켰으며, 고농도에서 후탈분극을 일으켜 심근허혈 및 재관류 상황에서 부정맥 발생과 전기적 재구도에 관여할 것으로 생각된다.

공동생활시설 내 지적 장애인의 일상생활동작 및 대인관계에 미치는 원예치료의 영향

박형욱,김홍열,허무룡,손병구,임기병,박우청,소인섭 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2012 농업생명과학연구 Vol.46 No.3

This study was conducted to clarify the effect of horticultural therapy on activities of daily living and interpersonal relation of institutionalized intellectual disabilities. The experiment was performed with 8 controls and 8 experiments of J institution in Yongdam, Jeju. Horticultural therapy program was performed once a week for 2 hours total 20 times from Mar. 2009 through mid July 2009. Evaluation in activities of daily living indicated that all functions except eating showed no change or worsened in controls, however, all functions except moving were improved in experimental subjects. Interpersonal relation evaluation showed no difference from 42.25 to 42.25 in control, but increased 8.62 points from 41.75 to 50.37 showing very significant change at the level of 99% in experimental subjects. Group activity evaluation increased very significantly at the level of 99% in physical/perceptual abilities, social interaction, cognitive ability, emotion status, and vocational interests. From the above results, horticultural therapy proved effectively in activities of daily living and interpersonal relation of institutionalized intellectual disabilities. 본 연구는 공동생활시설에서 거주하는 지적장애인을 대상으로 원예치료가 일상생활동작 및 대인관계 향상에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 원예치료대상자는 제주시 용담동 J시설에 거주하는 지적 장애인 대조군 8명, 실험군 8명 이었다. 원예치료 프로그램은 2009년 3월부터 2009년 7월 중순까지 주 1회 2시간씩 총 20회 실시하였다. 일상생활동작 평가 결과 대조군의 경우 식사동작을 제외하고 모든 항목의 기능이 실험기간 동안 변화가 없거나 오히려 떨어졌다. 실험군의 경우 대조구와는 반대로 원예치료에 의해서 이동동작을 제외한 일상생활동작평가의 모든 항목이 유의하게 향상되었다. 대인관계 평가 결과 대조군은 실험 전 42.25점에서 실험 후에도 42.25점으로 변화가 없었으나, 실험군의 경우 대조구와는 달리 실험 전 41.75점에서 실험 후 50.37점으로 8.62점이 증가하여 99% 수준에서 고도로 유의한 변화를 보였다. 그룹활동 평가 결과 신체적․지각적 능력, 사회적 교류, 인지능력, 감정상태, 직업적 관심이 통계적으로 고도로 유의하게(99%) 향상되었다. 이상의 결과로부터 원예치료 프로그램이 공동 생활시설 내 지적 장애인들의 일상생활동작 및 대인관계 향상에 효과적인 것으로 나타났다.

의사윤리지침과 관련 법률

박형욱 대한의사협회 2017 대한의사협회지 Vol.60 No.1

The Role of Endothelial Dysfunction for Thromboembolic Riskof Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

박형욱,윤남식,임상엽,이상록,홍서나,김계훈,손일석,홍영준,김주한,김원,신명근,안영근,정명호,조정관,박종춘,강정채 대한심장학회 2006 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.36 No.6

이식형 중이 청각보조기를 위한 진동 트랜스듀서의 설계

박형욱 대한의용생체공학회 1996 의공학회지 Vol.17 No.4

In this paper, we analyzed the coil-magnet type vibrating transducer for the implantable middle ear hearing aid which is appropriate for patient's hearing level, and an experimental transducer system is designed For the objective and quantitative analysis of the transducer, a theoretical equivalent model containing coil, magneto and inner ear is developed To perform effective evaluation of the transducer, a transforming ratio Tr is introduced and its range that is suitable for practical implantable middle ear hearing device is foun4 The result of applying physical parameters of ear system to the proposed analytical model shows that frequency response of the coil magrlet type vibrator is predominantly governed by resistive impedance of the coil rather than inertia effect of the magnet and the inner parameters. In addition, we realized an experimental middle ear hearing aid system to show the theoretical validity of designed system and this will provide the basis of the development for actually implantable system.

요구도 기반 Pre-Conceptual Design Process개발

박형욱,이승진,이재우,변영환,Park, Hyeong-Uk,Lee, Seung-Jin,Lee, Jae-U,Byeon, Yeong-Hwan 한국시스템엔지니어링협회 2005 시스템엔지니어링워크숍 Vol.6 No.-