한랭전선성 뇌우의 발달 기구

박향숙,윤일희,김경익,민경덕,이동인 한국기상학회 1999 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1999 No.-

The Role of Forced Output and Working Memory Capacity in Vocabulary Acquisition

박향숙,최성묵 팬코리아영어교육학회 2012 영어교육연구 Vol.23 No.4

The study examined how two types of forced output methods (sentence generating and story writing) affect vocabulary acquisition of Korean EFL learners. To this end, 75 undergraduate students participated in the study who responded to a battery of tests (a pretest, immediate and delayed post-tests). Two major findings were observed. First, participants in the story writing condition consistently outperformed those in the other two conditions, although the mean differences among the groups did not reach statistical significance. This finding lends support to the theory of levels of processing (Craik & Lockhart, 1972). Second, unexpectedly, data analysis revealed no statistically significant relationship between working memory and vocabulary acquisition. The findings have important bearings on Korean EFL pedagogy.

아동의 분노 체험분석

박향숙,박성희 한국초등상담교육학회 2008 초등상담연구 Vol.7 No.2

이 연구는 아동의 분노체험 속에 포함된 공통요인과 분노체험 과정에서 나타나는 심리적 과정을 찾아봄으로써 아동분노가 갖는 특성과 의미를 알아보고자 하였으며, 이를 위해 체험분석 방법을 적용하였다. 연구대상은 초등학교 5학년 학생 8명이 체험연구의 공동연구자로 참여하였고, 6회기에 걸친 연구였다. 공동연구자들은 체험분석 방법에 대해 배웠고, 자신의 분노체험 내용을 분석지에 기록하였으며, 모두 34개의 체험분석지를 연구에 적용하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 아동들은 부당하다고 느낄 때 분노체험, 어이없음을 동시에 느꼈으며 이 느낌들은 자기중심적인 사고에서 비롯되었다. 분노상황들 속에서 아동들이 체험하는 공통요인에는 기분관련 요인, 욕구관련 요인, 신체감각 관련 요인이 혼재되어 나타났으며, 욕구관련 요인들은 기분, 신체감각 관련 요인들보다 더 강하게 지각하였다. 둘째, 아동들은 분노의 외적 표출 가능성에 따라 분노의 공격적 표출과 내적억제의 방법으로 분노를 처리하였다. 그러나 강한 분노표출 충동 때에는 인지적 판단과정을 거치지 못하고 폭발시키기도 하였다. 셋째, 아동이 분노를 느끼고 처리하는 심리적 과정은 상황인식 단계, 일차적 인지평가 단계, 분노 유발 단계, 이차적 인지평가 단계 또는 강한 분노표출 충동을 느끼는 단계, 분노처리 단계로 정리할 수 있었다. The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics or significances of anger in children by understanding the common factors observed in children's anger and the psychological process of children's anger, applying the experiential analysis method. In order to conduct the study, 8 elementary students in 5th grade participated in the experiential study as joint researchers. This study was conducted during 6 sessions. Joint researchers learned about the experiential analysis method and recorded what they had experienced at the stage of anger on their analysis sheets. 34 experiential analysis sheets were used for this study. The following provides a summary of the study results. Children were observed to perceive the factors representing desires more intensely than the factors indicating a mood or senses. Secondly, when they felt urge to express an extreme anger, they were just explored without the cognitive process of judgment. Thirdly, the processes that children feel and treat anger are "the stage of awareness of the situation," "the stage of initial cognitive evaluation," "the stage of induction of anger," "the stage of secondary cognitive evaluation or the stage of intensive drive of anger," and "the stage of anger management".

화학적 침전법으로 제조된 BaTiO_(3) 소결 온도에 따른 PTC 특성

박향숙,최승평 조선대학교 생산기술연구소 1994 生産技術硏究 Vol.16 No.2

Highly pure barium titanate powders have been obtained by the pyrolysis of barium titanyl oxalate. Barium titanate powders under different calcination condition were cold-pressed into discs 10 mm and 1mm thick using a stainless steel die. A fabrication pressure of 24000 p.s.i. (16.53 Nmm^(-2)) maintained in all formings. The compacts were sintered in air at 800, 900, and 1200℃ for 2 hr in a silicon tube furnace with SiC heating elements. Using extrapolation method of X-ray diffraction pattern, it was found the samples have a tetragonal structure whose lattice parameters a_(0) and c_(0) were 3.9962 and 4.0138Å respectively. The effective resistivity of each sample was measured as a function of temperature. It was found that their PTCR effects near the Curie point incressed with rising temperature. The above measured temperature dependence of the effective resistivity agree with the theory that conductivity decreases propotional to the exponential T at temperature below the Curie temperature.

납염공예<Batik>에 있어서 형지<Stencil>의 이용

박향숙 서울여자대학교 1982 서울여자대학논문집 Vol.- No.11

이미지와 문맥이 L2 학습자의 영어 구동사 학습에 미치는 영향

박향숙 언어과학회 2019 언어과학연구 Vol.0 No.89

This study investigates the effects of images and context on L2 learners’ learning of English phrasal verbs (PVs). Twenty-five Korean college students were asked to learn 30 PVs in three different conditions: Images (I); Context only (C); and Context with Images (CI). The learning effects were measured through receptive and productive tests in two posttests. The data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVAs. Results of the immediate posttest showed that the students received significantly higher scores in the I and CI conditions than in the C condition on the receptive test. However, there was no significant difference among the three conditions on both of the productive tests. In terms of retention, the I condition showed superior effects over the C and CI conditions. The study confirms the beneficial role of images in the learning of PVs. It also suggests that providing the discourse context may reduce attentional resources available for the target PVs and thus may not be as effective as images in PV learning.

한국 기독교 여성 목회자의 배제 경험에 관한 질적 연구

박향숙 한국종교교육학회 2020 宗敎敎育學硏究 Vol.63 No.-

본 연구의 목적은 한국 기독교 여성 목회자의 배제 경험을 드러내는 데에 있다. 연구 질문은 다음과 같다. '여성 목회자로 살아오면서 기독교 구조 안에서 겪은 배제의 경험은 무엇인가?'이를 위해 연구자는 기독교대한성결교회의 여성목사 3명을 대상으로 질적 연구를 수행하였다. 연구 참여자와의 면담 내용을 분석한 결과 여성 목회자로서의 배제 경험은 다음과 세 가지였다. 첫째, 리더십의 배제로서 업무는 수행하나 직위는 얻지 못하는 경험이다. 둘째, 재정적 지원의배제로서 더 적은 돈으로 더 많이 헌신하도록 요구받는 경험이다. 셋째, 인권의 배제로서 생존을 위해 인간으로서의 실존을 포기해야 하는 경험이다. 질적 연구 결과를 기초로 한 기독교교육적 논의는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 여성 목회자들이자기-의식적 목소리로 자신의 경험을 해석하는 기독교교육의 실천이다. 둘째, 여성 목회자의 예비, 신입, 계속 교육을담은 교육과정의 설계이다. 셋째, 여성 그 너머의 모두를 위한 양성평등교육으로서 타자와의 다양한 관계를 다층적이고 비위계적으로 바라보는 기독교교육의 실천이다.

딩동, 샘톡 왔어요

박향숙,최미영,김영은 샘터사 2020 월간 샘터 Vol.608 No.-

호박보다 탐스런 엄마의 말들

박향숙 샘터사 2019 월간 샘터 Vol.598 No.-

Hot Wall Epitaxy(HWE)법에 의한 ZnAl₂Se₄ 단결정 박막 성장과 가전자대 갈라짐에 대한 광전류 연구

박향숙,방진주,이기정,강종욱,홍광준,Park, Hyangsook,Bang, Jinju,Lee, Kijung,Kang, Jongwuk,Hong, Kwangjoon 한국재료학회 2013 한국재료학회지 Vol.23 No.12

A stoichiometric mixture of evaporating materials for $ZnAl_2Se_4$ single-crystal thin films was prepared in a horizontal electric furnace. These $ZnAl_2Se_4$ polycrystals had a defect chalcopyrite structure, and its lattice constants were $a_0=5.5563{\AA}$ and $c_0=10.8897{\AA}$.To obtain a single-crystal thin film, mixed $ZnAl_2Se_4$ crystal was deposited on the thoroughly etched semi-insulating GaAs(100) substrate by a hot wall epitaxy (HWE) system. The source and the substrate temperatures were $620^{\circ}C$ and $400^{\circ}C$, respectively. The crystalline structure of the single-crystal thin film was investigated by using a double crystal X-ray rocking curve and X-ray diffraction ${\omega}-2{\theta}$ scans. The carrier density and mobility of the $ZnAl_2Se_4$ single-crystal thin film were $8.23{\times}10^{16}cm^{-3}$ and $287m^2/vs$ at 293 K, respectively. To identify the band gap energy, the optical absorption spectra of the $ZnAl_2Se_4$ single-crystal thin film was investigated in the temperature region of 10-293 K. The temperature dependence of the direct optical energy gap is well presented by Varshni's relation: $E_g(T)=E_g(0)-({\alpha}T^2/T+{\beta})$. The constants of Varshni's equation had the values of $E_g(0)=3.5269eV$, ${\alpha}=2.03{\times}10^{-3}eV/K$ and ${\beta}=501.9K$ for the $ZnAl_2Se_4$ single-crystal thin film. The crystal field and the spin-orbit splitting energies for the valence band of the $ZnAl_2Se_4$ were estimated to be 109.5 meV and 124.6 meV, respectively, by means of the photocurrent spectra and the Hopfield quasicubic model. These results indicate that splitting of the ${\Delta}so$ definitely exists in the ${\Gamma}_5$ states of the valence band of the $ZnAl_2Se_4/GaAs$ epilayer. The three photocurrent peaks observed at 10 K are ascribed to the $A_1$-, $B_1$-exciton for n = 1 and $C_{21}$-exciton peaks for n = 21.