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Neural correlates of the phonological complexity of Korean vowels
박해일 한국언어학회 2019 언어 Vol.44 No.1
This paper aims to explore how phonological complexity is neurally realized in an overt production task of Korean vowels. Another aim was to find out whether brain activation signals can be a potential measure of phonological complexity. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) scanning was conducted on 10 native Korean speakers as they repeated acoustically presented non-lexical bisyllabic speech sounds beginning with ti- in which I manipulated articulatory complexity measured by vocalic durations (i.e., Complex 1: /ye/ >> Complex 2: /we/ >> Simple: /i/). Greater activity in the left inferior frontal gyrus (or Broca’s area) was found for Complex 1 stimuli relative to Complex 2 stimuli as well as for the Complex 2 utterances relative to Simple utterances. Given that Broca’s area is responsible for articulatory planning and/or phonological processing, more phonologically complex syllables will demand more articulo-phonological planning or rehearsal, these findings suggest that phonological complexity is mirrored in the neural processing of different phonological representations. Also, the articulation of relatively longer y-onglides than w-onglides were found to elicit more Broca’s area activation, which is in support of the hypothesis that fMRI signals can be an alternative complexity measure.
박해일,박일규,김승룡,문영진 대한진단검사의학회 2002 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.22 No.4
배경 : 임신성 고혈압증(pregnancy induced hypertension)을가진 산모는 정상 산모에 비해서 산모나 태아의 사망률 및 유병률이 높다. 지금까지 미량알부민뇨(microalbuminuria)로써 임신초기에 자간전증의 발병을 예측하고자 하는 연구들이 있어 왔으나 그 유용성에 대한 의견은 상충되고 있다. 올바른 검사 결과의해석을 위해서는 임신 진행 과정 중의 생리학적인 변화가 반영된
Age-related differences in the perception of Korean laryngeal contrasts: fMRI evidence
박해일 한국음운론학회 2010 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.16 No.1
This study aims to investigate whether there is any difference in the neural correlate of the comprehension of Korean laryngeal contrasts between younger and older Korean adults, and more specifically, to test if the increasingly popular “tonogenesis” hypothesis that Koreans may be undergoing a shift in Korean stop system can be supported by the neural findings of the present study. Five younger and five older Koreans were scanned while performing the auditory identification task of word-initial stops. The fMRI results revealed that there is a significant difference in activation between younger and older subjects. Specific activities unique to younger speakers were observed in the right Superior Temporal Gyrus, an area of the brain associated with pitch perception, while those unique to older speakers in the left Superior Temporal Gyrus, an area responsible for Voice Onset Time (VOT) perception. The results of this study uphold the claim that the laryngeal contrasts of Korean are increasingly distinguished less by VOT differences than by their effect on pitch in the following vowel.
박해일,신재은,이대우,김민정,이해남 대한진단검사의학회 2019 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.39 No.3
Background: The risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm (ROMA) is used for assessing ovarian cancer risk in women with a pelvic mass. Its diagnostic accuracy is variable. We investigated whether the clinically acceptable minimal sensitivity of >80.0% could be obtained with the suggested cutoff of 7.4%/25.3% for pre/postmenopausal women and with adjusted cutoffs set to a specificity of ≥75.0% or a sensitivity of 95.0%, in a hospital with a lower ovarian cancer (OC) prevalence than previously reported. Methods: ROMA scores were calculated from measurements of human epididymis protein 4 and cancer antigen 125 in blood specimens from 443 patients with a pelvic mass. The ROMA-based risk group was compared against biopsy (N=309) or clinical follow-up with imaging (N=134) results. The ROMA sensitivity and specificity for predicting epithelial OC (EOC) and borderline ovarian tumor (BOT) were calculated for the suggested and adjusted cutoff values. Results: When targeting BOT and EOC, the prevalence was 7.4% and sensitivity and specificity at the suggested cutoff were 63.6% and 90.7%, respectively. Sensitivity was 81.8% at the 4.65%/13.71% cutoff set to a specificity of 75.0%. When targeting only EOC, the prevalence was 4.1% and sensitivity and specificity at the suggested cutoff were 77.8% and 89.4%, respectively. Sensitivity was 88.9% at the 4.78%/14.35% cutoff set to a specificity of 75.0%. Conclusions: The sensitivity of ROMA was lower than expected when using the suggested cutoff. When using the adjusted cutoff, its sensitivity reached 80.0%.
박해일,조종보,이상민,손장원,김성래,유순집,이성수 대한진단검사의학회 2017 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.37 No.4
Dear Editor, Many hospitals use blood glucose monitoring systems (BGMSs) supported by software for internal quality control (IQC) data management and transmission of patient data to the hospital information system (HIS). However, in some cases, user friendliness for patients or the cost of the device is prioritized over the availability of data transfer software. Consequently, some hospitals use BGMSs without the support of software. This method may be appropriate to familiarize patients with the system during the hospitalization period, if they will use the same system for the self-monitoring of blood glucose. Therefore, for the management and analysis of IQC data, we established a laboratory-developed quality control program (LDQCP) as an IQC data management program for the BGMS in the absence of software.
필기체의 동작표상에서의 역동적 동작 강도 효과: 기능적 자기공명영상 연구
박해일 한국영어학학회 2022 영어학연구 Vol.28 No.3
According to Embodied/Grounded Cognition accounts, brain regions which are traditionally linked to perception and action play an important role in grounding word and sentence meanings. Sensory-motor systems are taken to be supportive of mental simulations through which concepts are grounded. However, which details of sensory-motor experience are recruited in such simulations remains unclear. We explored whether sensory-motor brain regions are differentially involved depending on the magnitude of dynamic action associated with different fonts. We addressed this issue by examining the neuronal correlate of words written in relatively strong (cursive) and weak action (basic) fonts. The results showed that words with a cursive font that is associated with strong dynamic action, as compared with those with a font that implied weak dynamic action, elicited brain activity within the left inferior parietal lobule, a region of the execution of complex motor movements, tool use and the representation of action plans as well as the left inferior frontal gyrus and premotor cortex known to be responsible for planning and organizing action. These results suggest that the magnitude of dynamic action expressed in different fonts influences representational content and modulates the nature of grounding written words. Action-related regions play a greater role in representing writing linked to strong dynamic action.