대중교통 운영비용계수 추정 및 도시철도 도입 효율성 검토

박준식,오동규,고승영 대한교통학회 2008 大韓交通學會誌 Vol.26 No.6

This study extended Park et al.(2007c), which analyzed the efficiency of a hierarchical transit network, showed the result of a real data, and analyzed its applicability. Operating cost was estimated using a model which was established in this study, and minimum transit demand was derived from the operating cost. The minimum transit demand value is just a sample calculation, thus it varies by many inside and outside factors of the model. Looking at the inside of the model, operating cost and travel speed are major factors, and the possibility of introducing urban subway becomes high when the operating cost of the transit system is low and its travel speed is high. As far as the outside factors are concerned, according to the analysis on the network structure, transit demand, and transit mode share, the minimum transit demand value which was derived in this study will be the maximum value among the possible values. In the feasibility study, the benefit is likely to be overestimated and the cost is likely to be underestimated than those of this study. It could be concluded that the methodology of a feasibility study is appropriate in the field standard. This study analyzed the efficiency of introduction of urban subway using analytical approach, thus has many shortcomings and limitations. However the practical approach, like feasibility study, has some limitations as well. This study could be a basis on establishing an analysis framework that is more accurate and reasonable by comparing analytical approach and practical approach. 본 연구에서는 위계구조 대중교통 노선망의 효율성을 이론적으로 해석한 박준식 외(2007c)의 연구를 연장하여 실제 자료를 적용한 결과를 도출하고 이의 실제 적용성을 검토하였다. 가상의 운영비용계수를 추정하는 모형을 구축하여 운영비용계수를 추정하였으며, 이를 활용하여 도시철도 도입을 위해 요구되는 최소 통행수요를 도출하였다. 본 연구에서 산출한 최소 통행수요는 하나의 계산 예에 불과하며 모형 내/외부의 여러 가지 요소에 따라 가변적이다. 모형 내부의 경우 운영비용계수와 도시철도의 통행속도가 주요 변화요소인데, 운영비용계수가 작고 통행속도가 빠른 경량전철의 경우 도시철도의 도입 가능성이 보다 높은 것으로 검토되었다. 모형 외부의 경우 노선망의 구조와 수요분포, 대중교통의 수단분담율에 대해서 검토한 바, 본 연구에서 산출한 최소 통행수요 값이 이들 변화요소들에 따른 예상치들 중 최대값이 될 것으로 판단된다. 투자평가의 경우 본 연구의 모형에서보다 편익을 과다추정하고 비용을 과소추정하는 것으로 검토되었는데, 본 연구의 결과값이 현실적인 변화요소들에 따른 기대치들 중 최대값임을 감안하면 투자평가는 결국 현실적인 수준에서 적정하게 평가하고 있는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 본 연구는 해석적인 접근을 통해 도시철도 도입의 효율성을 분석하였기 때문에 많은 단점과 한계를 갖고 있다. 또한 투자평가와 같은 실용적인 분석에 있어서도 나름대로의 한계를 갖는 것을 확인하였다. 이론적인 해석과 실용적인 방법론을 비교 검토하여 보다 정확하고 합리적인 분석 틀을 마련하는데 본 연구가 바탕이 될 수 있을 것이다.

간선-지선 노선체계의 효율성

박준식,고승영,이청원 대한교통학회 2008 대한교통학회지 Vol.26 No.5

This study analyzed the efficiency of a trunk with branches and a trunk with feeders route system comparing the user cost and operator cost of those route systems. Basically, a trunk with branches is more efficient than a trunk with feeders in the passengers' perspective if the transit system of a trunk and feeders are the same. In the case that the trunk system is hierarchically higher than the feeder system, a trunk with feeders has the competitive edge over a trunk with branches if the saving of travel cost induced by using the trunk line is larger than the increasing waiting and transfer cost. This result is consistent with the previous research by Park et al.(2007c), which analyzed the efficiency of hierarchical structure in a grid transit network. If the travel demand of each origins and destinations is low, increasing headway according to the travel demand can increase passenger load or operating efficiency in a trunk with feeders route system. In this case, a trunk with feeders route system is more prevalent as the operating cost, route length, and number of destinations increases, while it is less prevalent as the transfer cost and passengers' time value of the waiting time increases. In cases that central business district, which is located in the middle of a trunk line, generates travel demand, a trunk with feeders is more efficient than a trunk with branches with the increasing travel demand from and to the CBD. Therefore it can be concluded that to have a dual operating system between CBD and suburban is more efficient than one type transit system. The efficiency of that system can be increased through an efficient transfer system that can reduce the transfer cost. 본 연구에서는 간선-지선 노선체계인 가지형과 지선형 노선체계의 이용자 비용과 운영자 비용을 비교하여 각 노선체계의 효율성을 분석하였다. 기본적으로 지선형 노선체계의 간선구간 시스템이 지선 시스템과 동일할 경우에는 이용자 측면에서 가지형 노선체계가 보다 효율적이다. 간선구간의 시스템이 지선구간의 시스템보다 상위 위계의 시스템일 경우에는 지선형 노선체계의 간선운행 시스템을 통한 통행비용 절감이 그에 따라 추가적으로 발생하는 환승과 대기비용보다 클 경우에 지선형 노선체계가 가지형 노선체계보다 효율적이다. 이는 격자형 대중교통 노선망에 대해 위계구조 노선망의 효율성을 분석한 박준식 외(2007c)의 연구결과와 일치하는 결과이다. 각 기종점간 통행수요가 적을 경우에는 지선형 노선체계에서 각 지점의 통행수요에 맞추어 운행간격을 증가시켜 차량의 승객 탑승률 또는 운행효율을 높이는 방안을 모색할 수 있다. 이 경우 차량 운행비용계수, 노선길이, 그리고 종점 수가 증가할수록 지선형 노선체계가 효율적일 상황이 증가하고, 환승비용과 통행자의 대기시간 비용환산계수가 증가할수록 지선형 노선체계가 효율적일 상황이 감소한다. 간선구간의 중간에 도시 중심지가 위치하여 승하차 통행수요가 발생하는 경우, 간선의 중간에 위치하는 도시 중심지로의 통행량이 많을수록 지선형 노선체계가 가지형 노선체계보다 효율적일 상황이 증가한다. 따라서 승하차 수요가 집중되는 도시 중심부와 수요가 분산되어 있는 외곽부의 노선체계를 이원화시킬 경우 하나의 노선체계로 운영하는 경우보다 효율적이라 결론내릴 수 있다. 원활한 환승체계를 갖추어 환승비용을 감소시킬 경우 더욱 효과적이라 하겠다.

도덕발달의 패러독스

박준식 한국초등도덕교육학회 2022 초등도덕교육 Vol.- No.80

본 연구의 목적은 「메논」에서의 ‘모든 사람은 좋은 것을 욕망한다’는 소크라테스의 진술에 전제된 패러독스를 스피노자의 시각에서 조망함으로써 그것이 도덕발달의 패러독스임을 밝히는 데에 있다. 소크라테스의 진술에 전제된 패러독스는 나쁜 어떤 것이, 사람들이 그것을 좋은 것으로 생각하는 한, 동시에 좋은 것이 된다는 것이다. 스피노자의 관점에서 보면, 이 패러독스는 부적합한 관념을 형성할 수밖에 없도록 태어났음에도 그것에서 벗어나야 하는 운명적 과제도 함께 부여받은 인간에게 불가피한 것이다. 부적합한 관념은 나쁨의 원천이지만, ‘욕망’을 본질로 하는 인간은 그 부적합한 관념의 토대 위에서 더 나은 인식으로 나아갈 수 있는 ‘좋음’이라는 ‘방편’을 만드는 존재이다. 도덕발달은 어떤 나쁜 것이 동시에 좋은 것이 될 때 이루어지는 것인 만큼, 그 패러독스는 도덕발달의 패러독스이다.

서평: 『한국 노동계급의 형성』을 읽고

박준식 한국어문학국제학술포럼 2002 Journal of Korean Culture Vol.4 No.-

Effects of the Graft Copolymer Structure on the Interfacial Tension of the Immiscible Homopolymer Blend

박준식,조원호 한국고분자학회 1994 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.1994 No.4

대학도서관의 참고사서을 위한 계속교육

박준식,박은정 한국도서관정보학회 1996 한국도서관정보학회지 Vol.25 No.-

The purpose of this study is to synthesize the theoretical systems concerning the necessity, methods, contents, and institutions of the continuing education for academic reference librarians in Korea, and to present a direction after performing a survey research to the librarians and grasping the phenomena on the basis of the system. The necessity, participation, contents, and performing institutions of continuing education were examined in detail, and the correlations among the sub-groups divided by gender, age, academic level of study, career as a librarian were analyzed. Also the direction of continuing education for reference librarians was presented on the basis of the analysis. On the basis of the analyzed contents, the following three methods for an ideal form to the continuing education of the reference librarians were presented in this thesis. 1) It is desirable that the continuing educations are performed at a professionalized institutions such as a library and information science department in a college and an education center for librarians which offers the Certificates of Advanced Study(CAS) as a librarian. 2) It is necessary to develop the various types of educational program in which a working reference librarian may take more chances to study during vacation, weekends, or in the evening time. 3) It is necessary to develop the proper educational contents that reference librarians want, and to educate the librarians in order for them to keep pace with the change of times.

경영합리화와 작업장체제의 변화-D조선을 중심으로

박준식 비판사회학회 1993 경제와 사회 Vol.- No.19

Effects of Copolymer Composition on the Miscibility of the Blends Containing Copolymer

박준식,최경세,조원호,우상선 한국고분자학회 1994 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.1994 No.10

[특집: 현단계 사회과학논쟁의 쟁점]노동조합운동의 조직적 발전의 과제

박준식 비판사회학회 1990 경제와 사회 Vol.- No.4

가족기업의 경영전략 유형과 기업가치에 대한 실증연구

박준식,최문수 대한경영학회 2022 大韓經營學會誌 Vol.35 No.8

This study categorized family and non-family companies for KOSDAQ-listed companies and empirically analyzed whether family companies have a governance structure that can lead to long-term growth and development of companies. The goals of a company may differ from company to company, but in general, it can be said that the goals of a company are related to the enhancement of its corporate value. Therefore, the criteria for judging the appropriateness of corporate governance should be whether the current corporate governance structure is effective in enhancing corporate value. If the enhancement of corporate value is directly related to the growth of the company and the management strategy of the company is designed to bring about the continued growth of the company, the corporate governance structure should be in a form that can perform this management strategy well. In other words, if the improvement of corporate value is directly related to the management strategy chosen by companies, the corporate governance structure pursuing this management strategy can be said to be an appropriate form. Execution of an aggressive management strategy that can lead to the continuous growth of a company may be characterized by high uncertainty because large amounts of investment are continuously required, while the performance of investment appears in the distant future. In order to implement such an aggressive management strategy, an appropriate corporate governance structure is required. If a professional manager is a CEO, the corporate value can be increased by appropriately utilizing his expertise to carry out management strategies. However, agent problems that may arise for professional managers can make it difficult to implement aggressive management strategies such as R&D, which require long-term investment and are uncertain about future investment outcomes. On the other hand, in the case of a family business in which the family has control over the management, there is almost no agency problem in the implementation of business strategies according to the agency theory. A family business can make faster and more flexible decision-making by responding to the changing environment without any agency problem so they can promptly execute aggressive and competitive business strategies. The results of the empirical analysis are summarized as follows. First, as a result of logistic regression analysis, the type of leading management strategy was an important factor in classifying family companies. This result shows that in the case of family companies, there is a possibility that they will be active in leading management activities that can enhance corporate value because the interests between shareholders and managers are more consistent than in non-family companies. Second, according to the panel analysis, the more prospective the type of management strategy, the higher the corporate value. In particular, the corporate value of family companies pursuing a prospective management strategy was higher than that of companies pursuing all other types of strategies, including non-family companies. These results support the consensus interest hypothesis that family companies have little possibility of agent problems due to consistent interests between shareholders and managers, thus resulting in reduced agent costs and increased corporate value. Therefore, it can be seen that a family company is one of the appropriate corporate governance structures to efficiently achieve the company's final goal of enhancing corporate value through the implementation of a prospective management strategy.