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알킬아민으로 처리한 HZSM-5 제올라이트에서의 슈퍼옥사이드의 생성에 관한 EPR 연구
박종욱 淸州敎育大學校 1995 論文集 Vol.32 No.-
알칼아민으로 흡착처리된 HZSM-5 제올라이트에서의 분자산소의 흡착에 따른 산소 분자의 활성화 가능성에 관하여 EPR(Electron Paramagnetic Resonance) 분광법을 이용하여 조사하였다. 코발트로 이온교환된 ZSM-5 제올라이트에서는 메틸아민과 산소를 흡착시켰을 경우 두 종류의 슈퍼옥사이드(??)가 관찰되었는데, 하나는 다른 제올라이트에서 관찰되는 전형적인 ??이고 다른 하나는 코발트 이온과 무관한 ??이었다. 후자는 HZSM-5 제올라이트에 MMA(Monomethylamine)나 TMA(Trimethylamine)로 흡착처리한 후 산소흡착시 관찰되는 것으로 보아 코발트이온과는 관계가 없는 것으로 판명되었으며 이의 생성은 알킬아민분자와 ZSM-5 제올라이트 표면과의 독특한 상호작용과 깊은 관련이 있음이 제안되었다. 암모니움 이온교환된 ZSM-5 제올라이트의 열처리과정시 생성되는 비골격알루미늄 또는 삼배위 알루미늄 등의 루이스 산점이 알킬아민분자와의 흡착에 의해 루이스 산-염기 착체를 형성할 수 있다. 루이스 산의 세기가 강할 경우 아민분자의 양이온 라디칼이 관찰될 수 있는데 보통의 조건에서 지농열처리된 HZSM-5에서 MMA나 TMA 양이온 라디칼이 관찰되지 않는 것으로 보아 HZSM-5의 전자받게 성질은 강하지 않는 것으로 예상된다. 따라서 루이스 산-염기 착체의 형성을 통하여 루이스 산 자리의 전자밀도가 증가하게 되고 전기음성도가 큰 산소분자의 흡착시 루이스 산-염기 착체로부터 전하이동이 용이하게 일어나 ??이온이 생성되며 이는 제올라이트의 양이온에 의한 전기장에 의하여 안정화된다고 예상되어진다.
초등학교 자연과 분자 단원 학습에서 입자성을 강조한 동적 자료와 정적 자료의 분자개념 이해에 대한 교수 효과
박종욱,김수현 청주교육대학교 과학교육연구소 2000 科學과 數學敎育論文集 Vol.21 No.-
본 연구는 초등학교 6학년 자연과 '분자'단원에 대하여 애니메이션 자료와 TP자료를 이용한 수업이 학생들의 분자에 대한 개념 이해에 미치는 효과를 분석하였다. 애니메이션은 실험에 대한 동영상과 물질의 입자성이 강조된 애니메이션으로 구성되었으며, TP는 입자모델과 실험 과정 · 결과를 정리한 차트로 구성되었다. 연구 대상은 시지역 초등학교 1개교의 6학년 2개반 65명이명 실험 집단 1에는 TP 자료를, 실험 집단 2에는 애니메이션 자료를 투입하였다. 수업 처치의 효과를 검증하기 위하여 수업 전 · 후에 각각의 집단에 대하여 분자에 대한 개념 검사를 실시하였다. 분자 개념의 이해도 검사에서 학생들의 응답 유형을 분석하여 이해 정도에 따라 완전한 이해는 3점, 오개념 없이 부분적 이해는 2점, 부분적 이해에 오개념이 있으면 1점, 오개념일 경우에는 0점을 부여하였다. 총 6개의 분자 개념 검사 문항 중 액체 분자의 운동, 기체 분자의 운동, 설탕의 용해에 관한 문항 등 3문항에서 애니메이션 집단의 점수가 유의미하게 높았다(p<0.05). 개념 검사에서 이전 학업 성취 수준과의 상호작용 효과가 나타나지 않은 것으로 보아 애니메이션 자료는 이전 학업 성취 수준과 관계없이 학생들의 개념 이해도를 향상시킨 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). The purpose of this study was to compare the instructional influence of dynamic model(animation) versus static model(TP : transparency) emphasizing the particulate nature of matter for the learning of the molecule in elementary science classes. Animation resources were consisted of 12 modules emphasizing the particulate nature of matter. Transparency(TP) resources were consisted of molecular-level pictorial presentation and chart explained the course and result of experiment. The subjects were 65 students of the 6th grade of elementary school and were divided into two groups; group I presented with the transparency, group II presented with the computer animation. To investigate the instructional influences of transparencies and animations, student's comprehension of molecular concepts were administered. In order to facilitate the manipulation of the data for the molecular conceptions, the following rating scale was used: Sound understanding=3, Partial understanding with no misconception=2, Partial understanding containing misconception=1, No scientific understanding=0. The results indicated that group II had significantly higher conceptual understanding score than that of group I(p<0.05). And more students in the group II had sound understanding in questions about molecular motion of gas, liquid and the solution of sugar. There were no significant interactions between the treatment and the level of previous achievement. In other words, the animation resources had an effect on conceptual understanding and course achievement for all the students regardless of their previous achievement levels.
박종욱,박동수,박희석 대불대학교 2000 論文集 Vol.6 No.1
Aquatic exercise can be defined as the exercise to performing in underwater all exercise type on the ground without burden and danger of exercise injury. The aquatic exercise is effective exercise program in decreased of weight, low-back pain, obesity index, and also increased of cardiovascular endurance, muscle endurance, VO_(2) max, range of joint flexion, flexibility without pain in joint and low-back by the minimum of weigh load due to specificity of water. Especially, the aquatic exercise is exercise type applicable to safely in people, which were patients with low-back pain, Arthritis patients, Arthrite for training and rehabilitation, Obese people because of the limited activities and exercise, Elderly decreased of range of joint motions, through the recomposition of exercise intensity and program. The effect of exercise in underwater is very elevated because of various kinds specificity of water in underwater. Therefore, to the greatest effect of exercise should be progressively training a spot separately according to the need of oneself, also should be pay attention to details as following : ① Appropriate intensity of exercise is important to the suitable to one's fitness level. ② Repetitive movements request to increased of exercise intensity, frequency, duration. ③ Contact angle with water when the arm and leg swing is important to maintenance right angle. ④ Appropriate supplement of water is positively necessitate.
비강압력신호를 이용한 수면호흡장애 환자의 수면/각성 분류
박종욱,정필수,강규민,이경중,Park, Jong-Uk,Jeoung, Pil-Soo,Kang, Kyu-Min,Lee, Kyoung-Joung 대한의용생체공학회 2016 의공학회지 Vol.37 No.4
This study proposes the feasibility for automatic classification of sleep/wakefulness using nasal pressure in patients with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). First, SDB events were detected using the methods developed in our previous studies. In epochs for normal breathing, we extracted the features for classifying sleep/wakefulness based on time-domain, frequency-domain and non-linear analysis. And then, we conducted the independent two-sample t-test and calculated Mahalanobis distance (MD) between the two categories. As a results, $SD_{LEN}$ (MD = 0.84, p < 0.01), $P_{HF}$ (MD = 0.81, p < 0.01), $SD_{AMP}$ (MD = 0.76, p = 0.031) and $MEAN_{AMP}$ (MD = 0.75, p = 0.027) were selected as optimal feature. We classified sleep/wakefulness based on support vector machine (SVM). The classification results showed mean of sensitivity (Sen.), specificity (Spc.) and accuracy (Acc.) of 60.5%, 89.0% and 84.8% respectively. This method showed the possibilities to automatically classify sleep/wakefulness only using nasal pressure.
박종욱,권구정,김병일,이정윤,Park, Jong-Wook,Kwon, Koo-Jung,Kim, Byoung-Il,Lee, Jung-Yoon 대한건축학회 2011 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.27 No.8
Plastic hinges are generally developed at both ends of reinforced concrete (RC) beams in the post-yield region. To complete the plastic deformation mechanism, column plastic hinges at the base of the structure are also required. The longitudinal axial strain in the plastic hinge regions of RC columns has a significant influence on the behavior of RC structures subjected to reversed cyclic loading. This strain affects energy dissipation in the hysteretic response by causing the sliding along interconnecting wide flexural cracks. In addition, the strain also influences on the deformability of RC structures. In order to investigate the effects of the axial force on the axial strain in the plastic hinge region of RC members, experimental and analytical study was performed with ten RC members subjected to reversed cyclic loading. The experimental and analytical results indicated that the axial force significantly decreased the axial strain in the plastic hinge region of RC members.
문화콘텐츠 산업 육성을 위한 한국 캐릭터 대비 외국 캐릭터의 청소년층 선호도 조사 연구
박종욱,황현택 한국패키지디자인학회 2003 상품문화디자인학연구 Vol.14 No.-
In The general enhancement and the wide diffusion of technologies in manufacturing products has made a great change in evaluating distintiveness of a product from a functional point of view to a communicational one. Teenagers consumers are ready to play more for the mental value of a product than for its practical value these days. It is a time of communication between consumers and products. Most of the marketing tools are concentrated on how to draw consumers' attention, how to start their communication with products, how to prolong their communication and how to induce their next communication. Of late, characters started to be noted as one of the most effective media to enhance the quality of communication between products and Teenagers. Original features of characters such as eye-catching power, story-telling expressions, incitation of imagination, etc. are regarded as key elements to get the communication started. In the Krean market as well as in the global market, character merchandising has become common in promoting teenagers' products.