루이제 린저의 남북한 여행기에 나타난 한국의 표상

박재영(Park, Jae-Young) 한국외국어대학교 역사문화연구소 2008 역사문화연구 Vol.30 No.-

역사적 사료로서의 여행기의 중요성은 재론할 필요가 없지만, 실제로 여행기의 분석을 통해 냉전시대 동서독과 남북한의 상호 이미지를 파악하기 위한 본격적인 연구는 아직 미흡한 실정이다. 전후시대 독일의 대표적인 여류작가로 평가되는 루이제 린저는 한국에서도 광범한 독자층을 가지고 있는데, 한 가지 특기할 만한 사실은 그녀가 냉전시대, 구체적으로 1975년과 1980년 남한과 북한을 모두 방문한 서독의 여류작가라는 점이다. 필자는 루이제 린저(Luise Rinser)의 남북한 여행기, 즉 『고래들이 싸울 때-한국의 초상(Wenn die Wale kämpfen-Porträt eines Landes: Südkorea)』과 『또 하나의 조국: 루이제 린저의 북한방문기(Nord-koreanisches Reisetagebuch)』의 분석을 통해 냉전시대 같은 분단국인 서독의 한 여류작가의 눈에 비친 남북한의 표상을 재구성하고자 하였다. 루이제 린저의 한국에 대한 표상은 무엇보다 먼저 남한여행기의 제목인 『고래들이 싸울 때: 한국의 초상』에서 분명하게 드러나고 있는데, 이는 “고래싸움에 새우등 터진다(Wenn die Wale kämpfen, zittern die Garnelen)”는 한국의 옛 속담에 연유한다. 여기에서 고래는 냉전 이데올로기 시대의 초강대국인 미국과 소련을, 새우는 한국전쟁과 분단의 지속으로 냉전의 희생양이 된 남한과 북한을 의미한다. 루이제 린저의 친북한적이고 남한에 대한 부정적인 표상은 지난 나치시대 그녀가 겪었던 국가반역 혐의로 인한 혹독한 고문과 사형판결의 경험, 그의 절친한 한국 친구였던 작곡가 윤이상이 ‘동베를린사건’으로 간첩으로 몰려 옥고를 치른 일, 그리고 박정희 정권의 독재정치에 맞서 싸웠던 남한 민주화 인사들과의 만남과 교류를 통해서 더욱 고정화된 것으로 보인다. 박정희에 의한 한국 민주주의의 탄압은 히틀러와 나치정권의 국가적 폭력과 억압이라는 린저에게는 혐오스러울 수밖에 없는 극우적이고 파쇼적인 지배체제라는 공통점을 가지고 있기 때문이다. 린저의 작품 『옥중일기』에 나오는 나치정권에 대한 혐오와 공포, 고통과 불안은 그녀가 남한여행기에 서술하고 있는 박정희 정권의 독재, 민주주의와 인권탄압과 자연스럽게 오버랩(overlap) 된다. 결국 한 개인이 자신의 이데올로기적 편향성과 과거의 경험으로부터 오는 선입견이 타자에 대한 인식의 오류를 일으킬 수 있다는 하나의 사례를 우리는 린저의 북한여행기를 통해 살펴 볼 수 있다. Though it needs not to re-mention the importance of a record of travel as historical data, studies in full swing in order to catch it's mutual image between South-North Korea and East-West germany in the time of Cold war through real analysis of the travel record are very unsatisfactory. Luise Rinser who is evaluated as the representative female writer of BRD after the Second World War has many widespread class of readers in Korea. One thing to be mentioned in very special is that she had experienced to visit South and North Korea specifically in 1975 and 1980 during the time of the Cold war. I tried to reconstitute the symbolized shapes of South-North Korea which was taken by West Germany(same country to be cut in halves)'s female writer through analyzing her book of “Wenn die Wale kämpfen - Porträt eines Landes: Südkorea” and “Nord-koreanisches Reisetagebuch”. First of all, The emblem for Korea is very clearly expressed in the title of the record book in South Korea - “Wenn die Wale kämpfen - Porträt eines Landes: Südkorea”, this is originated from Korea's old proverb like “Wenn die Wale kämpfen, zittern die Garnelen”. In here, The whale means America and U.S.S.R to be very strong in the time of the Cold War and shrimp means South-North Korea that had been scapegoat because of being continued of Korean war and devide in halves. Luise Rinser's negative show against South Korea but North Korea to be friendly - these stereotypes - it seemed to make her stereotype more strong by her experience of the torture caused by plotting against the state and a death sentence, the hardships of prison life of I-Sang Yoon who was the composer to be a very intimate friend with her because of “Spy-Affairs of East-Berlin” and the meeting and interchanges with many democratized peoples of South Korea who had fought against Jeong Hee Park's autocracy. The suppression against the Korean democracy by the President of South Korea Park had the point of sameness - so called - extreme right and fascio ruling system, it made her to be hated about it(Hitler and Nazi political power's national repression). The hate, horror, pain and unrest against Nazi to be written in her “diary in prison” is overlapped naturally with Park's dictatorship and human right and democracy suppression to be written in “Travel in South Korea”. At last, we can see the Case that the bias from past's experiences and ideology's leaning by personal's thinking can make mistakes through “Record to Travel in North Korea”.

3차원 수치해석을 통한 개착터널내 단면변화구간의 손상미케니즘 연구

박재영,손정훈,박광림,오영석,Park, Jae-Young,Son, Jeong-Hun,Park, Kwang-Lim,Oh, Young-Seok 한국터널지하공간학회 2012 한국터널지하공간학회논문집 Vol.14 No.6

본 연구는 터널의 단면변화구간에서 발생한 손상 미케니즘에 대하여 이루어졌다. 이를 위해 단면변화 구간을 대상으로 다양한 현장조사 및 시험을 실시하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 2차원 및 3차원 수치해석을 수행하였다. 현장조사 및 시험 결과, 슬래브 손상에 대한 직접적인 원인을 찾을 수 없었으며, 2차원 수치해석을 수행한 결과 기준 안전율(1.0)을 만족하는 것으로 분석되었다. 추가로 수행한 3차원 수치해석 결과, 기둥 간격의 변화에 따라 슬래브 휨응력 변화를 전달시키지 못해 손상이 발생한 것으로 분석되었다. 보강을 위해 터널내 기둥을 추가하는 방안을 적용하였으며 그 결과, 상부 슬래브 비틀림 형상이 완화되어 보강 효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 단면 변화 구간의 경우 2차원 뿐만 아니라, 3차원으로 영향범위를 고려하여 설계에 반영한다면, 합리적이고 안정적으로 건설 및 유지관리가 가능할 것으로 판단된다. 추후에는 개착터널내 단면변화 구간에서 구조물에 영향을 최소화할 수 있는 보강방안에 대해 연구를 계속하고자 한다. This study made progress about Demage Mechanism of Transition Section in Cut and Cover Tunnel. For this study, Inspection and test was carried out about Transition Section. After this process, Numerical Analysis was accomplished by 2D, 3D. A result of inspection and test, It couldn't find the reason why the upper slab Demage was detected. So 2D Numerical Analysis was conducted. It was analyzed that the Safety Factor(1.0) was satisfied in 2D. But, the result of 3D Numerical Analysis, The reason was found that the Demage on upper slab was caused by moment change. The Moment was changed by column interval transition. For Retrofitting, Column was added under slab in tunnel. It was found that the addition column decreased upper slab deformation. After this study, It could be find that are important 3D Numerical Analysis as well as 2D Numerical Analysis in case of Transition Section. This Study can help developing construction and maintenance about Tunnel. Finally, It's going to study Retrofitting plans which have minimum influence of Transition Section in Cut and Cover Tunnel.

ADH1B와 ALDH2 활성 조합이 젊은 한국인의 음주 행동에 미치는 영향

박재영,김시경,이상익,Park, Jae-Young,Kim, Sie-Kyeong,Lee, Sang-Ick 대한생물정신의학회 2010 생물정신의학 Vol.17 No.1

Objectives : It is well-known that Korean people show distinctive drinking behaviors depending on the gene polymorphisms of alcohol metabolizing enzymes. This study examined the gene polymorphisms of ALDH2 and ADH1B and their combination on the drinking behaviors of Korean young adults. Methods : Through a follow-up survey performed for a cohort consisting of 551 university freshmen for six years, the authors attempted to identify genetic factors affecting drinking behaviors. In 2000, drinking behaviors and scores of CAGE questionnaires were assessed and ALDH2 gene polymorphism was determined with PCR-RFLP. In 2006(n= 150), AUDIT-K was assessed in addition to the above and gene polymorphism of ADH1B was determined through SNaPshot$^{TM}$ method. Results : While ALDH2*2 allele was associated with increased degree of drinking in 2000 and 2006. When both enzymes were active, the possibility to be classified into the risk group for alcohol dependence such as AUDIT-K(>12), and CAGE(>2) was high. Conclusion : The ALDH2 genotype had a significant effect on drinking behavior and degree of drinking during early adulthood. However, the combination of the active form of ADH1B and the active form of ALDH2 can be risk factor for problem drinking.

토끼 두개골 결손부의 골재생에 대한 poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) 의 영향

박재영,황우진,정성념,김윤상,피성희,유형근,신형식,Park, Jae-Young,Hwang, Woo-Jin,Jeong, Seong-Nyum,Kim, Yun-Sang,Pi, Sung-Hee,You, Hyung-Keun,Shin, Hyung-Shik 대한치주과학회 2009 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.39 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to histologically and histomorphometrically evaluate the effect of PLGA on bone regeneration compared with bone graft material. Methods: The experimental study was conducted in 10 rabbits with 2 different healing periods of 2 and 4 weeks. Following surgical exposure of the calvarium, 4 circular bone defects with a diameter of 4.6mm were formed. Rabbits were divided into control group, test groups I, and II. 10 defects assigned to the test group Ⅰ were grafted with Nu-oss and other 10 defects assigned to the test group II were grafted with PLGA. The rest of the defects were in the negative control group. At 2nd and 4th week after surgery, 10 rabbits were sacrificed through intracardiac perfusion and then specimens were obtained. Histological analysis was performed following staining with trichorme and transversal sectioning of the calvarial bone. Results: A group which used PLGA showed tissue reactions characterized by severe inflammation, rather than distinctive new bone formation. Conclusions: The present experimental investigations have failed to prove any beneficial effects of PLGA. PLGA used in this study exhibited foreign body reactions and a less favorable pattern of new bone formation in comparison to control group. Conclusion: PLGA did not function as scaffold. Further investigations of many types of micro PLGA that could improve its potential in GBR procedures are needed.

안전관리 <재해손실이 건설경영에 미치는 영향>

박재영,Park, Jae-Young 한국건축시공학회 2002 한국건축시공학회지 Vol.2 No.2

맥문동약침액(麥門冬藥鍼液)이 Streptozotocin으로 유발된 흰쥐의 당뇨병에 미치는 영향

박재영,박희수,Park, Jae-Young,Park, Hea-Su 대한약침학회 2000 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.3 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Liriopis Tuber Herbal-Acupuncture on Diabetes Mellitus induced by streptozotocin in rat. Body weight, serum insulin, glucose, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, free cholesterol and total protein were measured in streptozotocin induced diabetic rat injected with Liriopis Tuber Herbal-Acupuncture solution at Pisu(BL20) respectively for 30 days. In order to study the effects of Liriopis Tuber Herbal-Acupuncture at Pisu(BL20) on Diabetes Mellitus induced by Streptozotocin in rat, The groups were divided into five groups; Normal group(non treated group), N.-Saline group(administration of injection with normal saline at BL20 in 30 days after streptozotocin injection), Control group(non treated group after streptozotocin injection), H. Acup. group (administration of Liriopis Tuber Herbal-Acupuncture at BL20 in 30 days after streptozotocin injection), and Acup. group (administration of acupuncture at BL20 in 30 days after streptozotocin injection). The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. As compared with Control group, there wae no significant tendency to diminish the rate of weight loss in H. - Acup. group. 2. As compared with Control group, there wae signiticant increase of serum insulin level in H. -Acup. group. 3. As compared with Control group, there was decrease of glucose level in H.- Acup. group. 4. As compared with Control group, there was decrease of triglyceride level in H. - Acup. group. 5. As compared with Control group, trere wae increase of HDL cholesterol level in H. - Acup. group. 6. As compared with Control group, there was significant increase of free cholesterol level in H. - Acup. group. 7. As compared with Control group, there was Increase of total protein level in H. - Acup. group. According to above mentioned results, Liriopis Tuber Herbal-Acupuncture was expected to be effective in treatment of Diabetes Mellitus and its complications.

기계적합금화법에 의한 과공정 Al-Si 합금 미세화제 개발 및 개량효과에 관한 연구

박재영,이재상,나형용 ( Jae Young Park,Jae Sang Lee,Hyung Yong Ra ) 한국주조공학회 1995 한국주조공학회지 Vol.15 No.4

N/A Recently Al-Cu-P alloys are used to refine primary Si of hypereutectic Al-Si alloys. Because it has inside AlP compound that acts as nucleation site in the melt, Al-Cu-P alloy has good refinement effect in lower holding temperature and after shoter holding times. In this study Al-Cu-P refinement agent was made by mechanical alloying method. When Al-13.5wt%Cu-1.5wt%P was alloyed mechanically for 30hr in Ar atmosphere by high energy ball mill, it had the refinement effect that showed primary Si size of about 30㎛ in Al-20wt%Si at 760℃, treated for 15min.

사람태아골모세포에 대한 근골격이식재의 골형성 유도에 관한 효과

박재영,피성희,신형식,Park, Jae-young,Pi, Sung-Hee,Shin, Hyung-Shik 대한치주과학회 2006 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.36 No.2

DFDBA(Decalcified freeze-dried bone allograft) is one of the allograft materials for periodontal bone regeneration. DFDBA provides an osteoconductive surface and osteoinductive factors. Therefore, DFDBA have been used successfully to regenerate the attachment apparatus during periodontal treatment. But recent studies was reported that wide variations in commercial bone bank preparations of DFDBA do exist, including the ability to induce new bone formation. DFDBA was experimental materials that was recovered, processed, tested, shipped and invoiced through Musculoskeletal Transplant Foundation. MTF(Musculoskeletal Transplant Foundation) is the world largest, non-profit, AATB(American Association of Tissue Banks) accredited tissue bank. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of serial dilutions of a DFDBA on human fetal osteoblastic cell proliferation and their potential to form and mineralize bone nodules. Human fetal osteoblastic cell line(hFOB 1.19) was cultured with DMEM and SSE($1{\mu}g/m{\ell}$,$10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $1mg/m{\ell}$) at $34^{\circ}C$ with 5% CO2 in 100% humidity. Cell proliferation was significantly increased at $1mg/m{\ell}$, $100{\mu}g$, $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $1{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $100ng/m{\ell}$, $10ng/m{\ell}$, $1ng/m{\ell}$ of DFDBA after 5 days incubation (p<0.05). Alkaline Phosphatase(ALP) level was significantly increased in $100ng/m{\ell}$, $10ng/m{\ell}$, $1ng/m{\ell}$ of DFDABA(p<0.05). A quantified calcium accumulation was significantly increased at $1ng/m{\ell}$, $10ng/m{\ell}$ of MTF(p<0.05). These results indicated that DFDBA has an inductive effect on bone formation in vitro.

홍화자약침액(紅花子藥鍼液)이 수은(水銀)에 의한 간세포(肝細胞) 손상(損傷)에 미치는 영향(影響)

박재영,윤현민,장경전,송춘호,안창범,Park, Jae-young,Youn, Hyoun-min,Jang, Kyung-jeon,Song, Choon-ho,Abn, Chang-beobm 대한침구의학회 2002 대한침구의학회지 Vol.19 No.5

Objective : This study was undertaken to examine whether Carthami Semen aquacupuncture (CSA) exerts protective effect against Hg-induced cell injury in rabbit liver. Methods : The cell injury was evaluated by ALT activity and lipid peroxidation was estimated by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA). Results : Hg caused an increase of ALT activity and lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent-manner over concentrations of 0.1-1 mM, which were prevented by addition of 0.005% CSA. The protective effect of CSA was dose-dependent in concentration range of 0.001 to 0.01%. The increase of ALT activity and lipid peroxidation induced by 0.5 mM Hg were almost completely decreased by addition of 0.01% CSA. When the liver tissues were exposed to 0.5 mM Hg, GSH content was decreased, which was significantly restored by 0.01% CSA. 0.5 mM Hg caused decrease in the amount of total and nonprotein sulfhydryl groups, and 0.01% CSA prevented Hg-induced reduction of nonprotein sulfhydryl group but not protein sulfhydryl group. Conclusions : These results suggest that CSA exerts protective effect against Hg-induced cell injury by antioxidant action resulting from enhancement of nonprotein sulfhydryl group content including GSH in liver.

민간기업 조경공사에서 나타나는 식재설계 변경 타당성에 대한 전문가 인식 분석

박재영,조세환,Park, Jae-Young,Cho, Se-Hwan 한국조경학회 2014 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.42 No.6

본 연구는 민간기업에서 시행한 아파트 단지의 조경공사 중 식재설계변경의 유형과 변경의 타당성을 분석하여 공기업과 비교 고찰함으로써 조경공사 시에 발생하는 식재설계 변경을 객관적이고 효율적으로 관리하기 위한 기초 자료 제시를 목적으로 수행하였다. 본 연구의 결과 다음과 같은 다섯 가지를 얻을 수 있었다. 첫째, 민간기업에서 시행한 아파트 단지 조경공사에서 발생한 설계 변경 중 식재공사에서 발생한 비율이 61.8%를 차지하고 있음으로써 식재 부분이 설계변경의 주된 대상이 되는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 이러한 설계변경원인으로는 주로 공기부족 등 현장 여건과 관련되는 것이었고, 특히 체계적 설계변경보다는 현장에서 구두 설계변경승인으로 이루어지는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 식재설계의 설계변경은 한 건의 설계변경 승인에 7~48회의 동시다발적으로 발생하는 특징을 보이고 있었다. 넷째, 민간기업에서 발생하는 조경식재공사 설계변경 유형은 '이용자를 고려한 설계변경', '이미지 개선을 위한 설계변경', '유지관리의 용이성을 위한 설계변경', '설계내역 불일치로 인한 설계변경', '타 공종과의 관계로 인한 설계변경', '현장조사 미비로 인한 설계변경', '시공성을 고려한 설계변경' 등 총 7가지의 조경식재공사 설계변경 유형으로 구분할 수 있었는데 이것은 공기업에서 추진하는 설계변경 유형과 크게 다르지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 이들 7가지 중 민간기업의 경우, '이용자를 고려한 설계변경'과 '이미지 개선을 위한 설계변경'이 전체 설계변경의 빈도에서 과반수를 넘는 것으로 나타나 공기업의 '이용자를 고려한 설계변경'과 '설계내역 불일치로 인한 설계변경'으로 나타난 것과 상이한 점을 보이고 있었다. 다섯째, 식재공사 설계변경 과정의 경우 민간기업은 공기단축을 통한 공사비용 절감 차원에서 선(先)시공 후(後)승인의 관행을 보이고 있는 것으로 나타났지만, 공기업의 경우 현장에서 설계변경 사유가 발생하였을 시 현장 상황 및 변경내용을 검토하고 반영하여 설계변경 절차를 보이는 등 상이한 절차를 거치는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과는 조경공사 중 식재설계 변경의 유형은 공기업, 사기업에 관계없이 7개의 범주로 설계변경의 유형은 동일하나, 설계변경의 주된 사유와 절차는 상이한 점이 있는 것으로 나타남으로써 식재설계 변경은 조경공사의 성격에 따라 합리성과 효율성 차원에서 유동성 있게 적용하는 것이 바람직한 것으로 사료되었다. This study analyzes the validity of the type classification of the type and design changes of apartment landscaping planting construction design changes that were completed in the private sector, efficiently manages the design changes that are displayed over landscaping planting work in general in the future, and performs research by placing the object underlying the presentation. The results are as follows. First, the percentage that occurred in the planting construction of design changes that have occurred in the apartment landscaping construction was carried out in the private sector and accounted for 61.8%. This indicates that part of the planting is a major design change. Second, as the cause of such a design change to be those associated with the field conditions such as lack of main construction period. In particular, due to a change in oral, appeared 7-48 times design changes of one review design change approval is complex, design changes of planting construction had shown a feature that occurs in multiple simultaneous. Third, the 7 types of Design Changes in planting design were delineated as 'design changes for consideration of the user', 'design changes for image improvement', 'design changes for ease of maintenance', 'design changes due to the mismatch of design statement', 'design changes due to the relationship with the engineering species of other', 'design changes due to lack of field study', and 'design changes due to the consideration of feasibility.' Fourth, 'design changes for consideration of the user' and 'design changes for image improvement' were found in more than half of the frequency of the overall changes. This differed from the results shown in public corporations. Fifth, if planting construction design change process, private companies, it was found that is showing the approval of the practice after the previous construction of the construction cost savings due to construction time. However, in the case of a public corporation, these exhibited a different aspect from the private sector and show a design change procedure that reflects the changes after the design change events in the field have occurred. The above results, the type of landscaping works in planting design change of public enterprises, regardless of the private sector, is the same in the seven types, the main reason of and procedures for design changes, indicating that there are other respects. In design change, it may be desirable to apply becomes liquidity rationality and efficiency of the dimension, depending on the nature of the landscape construction.