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박인철,좌민홍,김승호 대한응급의학회 2002 대한응급의학회지 Vol.13 No.4
Purpose: As the lay public indirectly acquires medical knowledge through the mass media, it is desirable to show medically correct care in movies or TV dramas. We evaluated whether the emergency care depicted in Korean box-office movies is appropriate and medically sound. Methods: We selected Korean movies which more than 100,000 peoples had seen in Seoul from 1996 to 2001. We excluded fantasy or historical movies from the list. After searching the emergency situations in videos, including cardiopulmonary arrest, loss of consciousness, injuries, and medical emergencies, we evaluated whether the needed care was provided and properly done and whether the result was medically sound. Results: During the 6-year period, we found 46 emergency situations in 80 movies (0.6 per movie). Loss of consciousness was the most common emergency situation (34.8%), followed by cardiopulmonary arrest (15.7%). Emergency care was provided in 24 situations (52.2%), but was appropriate in only 8 among those 24 situations. Regardless of care, 50% improved and another 36.4% improved without any interventions. There was total of 106 necessary actions in the 46 situations: for instance, EMS system activation, airway maintenance, breathing and circulation support, spinal cord protection, and hemostasis. Only 21 among the 106 necessary actions (19.8%) were done. Hemostasis by external compression was the most common action done (44.4%), and airway maintenance was the least (3.6%). Conclusion: We found that emergency care and its result were not properly depicted in Korean box-office movies. Emergency physicians and the medical community should pay attention to this problem and serve as medical advisors to guarantee a medically sound portrayal.
박인철 서울市立大學校 1994 論文集 Vol.28 No.-
An industrial designer, no matter what the subject, should concenstrate his efforts on the development of creavtive and useful object, starting from the most fundamental directions and principles with the spirit to create someting new and useful to mankind. specifically one should analyze and grasp the desire and want of the consumers, have wide ranged knowledge rearding the production and have both the idea creativity through rational reasoning and the power to solve the techinical problems. Particularly to a designer, the most important factor is aseries of design process in which the conditions and circumstances for the design which requires rational and creative reasoning are analyzed, asembled, developed, evaluated and concluded. Industrial design of modern concept means the activity for problem solving through a series of operations, whose process has order and specific flow to maximize the efficiency, systemicity, and economical efficiency. This requires the design process, a necessary condition when an individual designer works in the organizations. This study explains the system of the design process and the design flow of the enterprise in team study, and suggests the process of production through the analysis of functions and appearances of compared product and through the selection of design concept in the case study of 14" fan.
Micelle, Liposome, Polyethylene Glycol을 이용한 Amphotericin B의 세포막 독성저하
박인철,이판종,양지원,김종득,최태부 한국산업미생물학회 1994 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.22 No.3
Amp. B의 세포막 독성을 낮추기 위하여 mixed micelle, PEG, liposome의 세 system을 이용하였다. Cholesterol-sulfate와 Amp. B의 mixed micelle은 Amp. B의 적혈구 세포막에 대한 독성을 낮추는데 매우 효과적이었다. 0.01%의 cholestrol-sulfate는 5×10exp(-6)의 Amp. B의 독성을 90%까지 낮추었으며 높은 농도의 Amp. B에서는 비례적으로 높은 농도의 cholesterol-sulfate가 요구되었다. 이에 반해 PEG는 Amp. B의 농도에는 상관 없이 50%의 독성을 낮추는데 2%의 PEG가 필요하였다. 이는 PEG가 Amp. B와 친화력이 존재하여 효과가 나타났다기 보다는 PEG가 Amp. B의 확산을 방해하여 나타난 결과로 판단된다. Liposome system에서는 Amp. B의 항생효과를 그대로 유지하면서도 적혈구에 대한 세포막 독성을 현저히 감소시켰다. 이는 liposome 이중막이 fungi(Candida albicans)의 세포막에 존재하는 ergosterol과 적혈구의 세포막에 존재하는 cholesterol 사이에서 약물의 재분배를유도하였기 때문에 나타난 현상으로 판단된다. Micelle, liposome and polyethylene glycol(PEG) were employed to reduce the cell membrane toxicity of Amphotericin B (Amp. B). Cholesterol-sulfate which can form a mixed micelle with Amp. B molecules was found very effective for the reduction of Amp. B toxicity. 0.01% of cholesterol-sulfate could reduce the toxicity of 5×10exp(-6)M Amp. B by 90%. The required concentration of cholesterol-sulfate for the toxicity reduction was proportionally increased with increasing Amp. B concentration. PEG was also effective on the reduction of Amp. B toxicity. 2% PEG was required for the reduction of toxicity by 50%, regardless of Amp. B concentration. The liposome system showed an effective reduction of Amp. B toxicity on RBC, maintaining the antibiotic effect on Candida albicans as free drugs. This seems to be due to the fact that liposome bilayer plays a role of buffer system between ergosterol of fungi cell membrane and cholesterol of red blood cell membrane, which leads the redistribution of Amp. B between them, as the result, the reduction of drug toxicity on cell membrane.
박인철 한국컴퓨터산업학회 2004 컴퓨터産業敎育學會論文誌 Vol.5 No.1
In this paper, we observe the differences between linguistic and computational aspect in the automatic processing of languages which are dominant representation method for information in the Internet. For efficient information retrieval, information extraction and machine translation from the massive documents, we investigate analysis units for morphology analysis, syntactic analysis and semantic analysis. and propose the syntactic longest analysis unit rather than morphological unit based on linguistics. Also, by evaluating with massive documents, we show that the proposed analysis units can be used for the constraint which can reduce the ambiguity occurring in the language processing. 본 논문에서는 인터넷에서 대부분 정보의 표현 형태인 언어의 자동화된 분석을 위한 접근 방법으로 언어학적 접근과 전산학적 처리의 관점을 살펴본다. 또한, 대용량의 자료에 대한 실용적인 정보 색인과 검색, 정보추출, 기계번역 등을 위해 형태소분석, 구문분석 및 의미분석의 각 단계에서 실용적인 분석의 단위를 살펴보고, 언어학에 기반한 형태론적 단위보다 구문적 최장 분석 단위를 제안한다. 그리고 대량의 문서에 대한 실험을 통해, 제안하는 언어분석의 단위가 언어처리 과정에서 발생하는 모호성을 축소하는 제약으로도 사용될 수 있음을 보인다.
알레르기성 천식환아 및 비알레르기성 환아에서 혈청 IgE , sCD23 , IL - 4와 IFN - γ치의 비교 연구
박인철,이하백 대한천식알레르기학회 1994 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.14 No.2
Elevated levels of serum IgE are a major irnmunological abnormality in the atopic disease. Cytokines specifically regulating IgE synthesis have been postulated for many years. The soluble fragment of CD23, are able to synergize with IL 4 for promoting IgE synthesis, while IFN-y has the antagonistic effect. We studied the production of sCD23, IL-4 and IFN to assess that T cell factor regulation of IgE synthesis in the atopic children differs frorn that nonatopic subjects, by measuring cytokine concentrations in serum collected from 10 stable atopic asthrnatics, 3 chidren with active autoimmune disease including SLE and rheumatoid arthritis, and 4 healthy chidren without allergic and/or acute inflammatory disease The results of study were as follows'. 1. The mean ages of study groups were as fol- lows'.asthmatics, 9.6 years',nonatopic disease group, 8.7 years',healthy control, 10.6 years. 2. The serum IgE values were higher in the asthmatics than in control(p=0.038). 3. The serum concentration of sCD23 in the asthmatics were not significantly higher than control group, but there was a tendency that sCD23 in nonatopic disease were higher than control(p= 0.018). 4. The activities of IL 4 in the serum varied regardless of the age of study subjects, and significant difference in the activities was not observed between the study groups and the control. 5. The levels of IFN were higher in the asthmatics than in the control group(p<0.05) and nonatopic disease, owing to the potential production of IFN-y in the stable phase of asthmatics. 6. There was no significant correlation between the levels of the cytokines and IgE in both disease groups, but the relevant increase in IL 4 and IgE was observed in asthmatics. In conclusion, these results suggested that sCD23, IL 4 and INF y might play a role in, in vivo, IgE synthesis.
박인철 한국컴퓨터산업학회 2003 컴퓨터産業敎育學會論文誌 Vol.4 No.10
오늘날 통신의 발전에 따라 인터넷상에 존재하는 정보의 양이 많아지고, 필요한 정보를 효율적으로 찾아내는 정보 검색 시스템의 중요성이 크게 대두되고 있다. 대부분의 정보 검색 시스템에서는 단순한 키워드나 키워드를 이용한 불리언 질의어를 바탕으로 필요한 문서를 검색해 내고 있다. 그러나, 키워드를 이용한 정보 검색은 사용자의 편의성 및 주어진 질의어에 대한 이해의 정확성 측면에서 우리가 일상생활에서 사용하는 대화체 문장을 이용한 질의어에 비해 많은 어려움을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 한국어 대화체 문장의 정보 검색을 위한 메타질의어처리시스템을 설계하고 구현한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 한국어 대화체 문장 분석을 이용한 정보 검색은 주어진 질의어에 대해 형태소 분석과 구문 분석 및 시소러스를 이용한 질의어의 확장을 통해 사용자가 원하는 질의어를 포함하는 새로운 질의어를 형성해 내며, 질의어에 포함된 중의성도 부분적으로 해결할 수 있었다. Today, documents existing on internet by the development of communication network increase in number. And it is required the information retrieval system that can efficiently acquire the necessary information. Most information retrieval systems retrieve documents using a simple keyword or a boolean query of keywords. But, the method is not fit for novice users to use and has many difficulties than user's dialogue query from the viewpoint of convenience and precise understanding for query. So, this paper has an aim to suggest the method that will cope with above problems and to design and implement a meta query processing system for information retrieval using Korean dialogue sentences. The system implemented in this paper can generates a new boolean query for a given Korean dialogue sentence and resolve lexical ambiguities through morphological analysis, syntactic analysis and extension of query using thesaurus.
박인철 철학연구회 2019 哲學硏究 Vol.0 No.126
With the dramatic development of science and technology since the twentieth century, attempts to overcome human’s natural and physical limitations through technology have actually reached a peak. Transhumanism is a movement that strongly affirms these human technological attempts. However, this optimistic belief of transhumanism in technology meets the strong resistance of opponents contending that transhumanism might destroy human nature and severely undermine human values and rights. The focus of the transhumanism debate lies in what technology means to humans. However, in order to exactly grasp the essence of transhumanism, we should first consider our‘life-world’, where technology and humans are closely intertwined. The word ‘life-world(Lebenswelt)’ which originally comes from Husserl, is an open and universal world as a horizon that is the basis of all human practical activities and at the same time encompasses its products in itself. According to Husserl, the process of incorporating human products into the life-world is a kind of ‘familiarization’process through which specific theories and techniques are harmonized with our lives in the life-world. Such harmonization and familiarization of technology could be also considered a humanization of technology. It is a process in which technology is assimilated and corresponds to the finiteness of human and the life-world. In this sense, we could say that the transhumanistic attempts are just a natural expression of human desire to be perfect in the life-world and that they should not be overly concerned or overestimated. 20세기 이후 과학기술의 급속한 발전에 따라 인간의 자연적, 신체적한계를 기술을 통해 극복하려는 시도가 점점 가속화된다. 트랜스휴머니즘은 이러한 인간의 기술적 시도를 적극적으로 지지하고 긍정하는 운동이다. 그러나 트랜스휴머니즘의 기술에 대한 낙관적 태도는 이를 통해 인간의 자연적 본성이파괴되고, 인간의 가치가 심하게 훼손될 수 있다는 반대론자들의 강한 저항에부딪히게 된다. 트랜스휴머니즘 논란의 초점은 기술이 인간에게 어떠한 의미를갖느냐는 것이다. 그러나 트랜스휴머니즘의 정확한 이해를 위해서는 우선 기술과 인간이 한데 어우러져 있는 우리의 ‘생활세계’에 대한 고찰이 선행되어야 한다. 생활세계는 모든 인간의 실천적 활동의 바탕이 되면서 동시에 이의 산물을그 자체 안에 포괄하는 개방적이고 포용적인 세계이다. 후설에 따르면 생활세계속으로 인간의 산물이 포함되는 과정은 일종의 ‘친숙화’ 과정으로서 이를 통해특정 이론이나 기술 등은 생활세계 속에서 우리의 삶과 조화로운 결합을 이루면서 동시에 상대화된다. 이러한 기술의 생활세계로의 편입 및 친숙화는 기술의인간화 과정이며, 인간과 생활세계의 유한성과 조응하는 과정으로도 볼 수 있다. 이런 맥락에서 볼 때, 트랜스휴머니즘적 시도는 생활세계 속의 인간의 자연스러운 실천의 과정으로서 이에 대해 지나치게 우려할 것도 아니지만 또 과도하게 맹신해서도 안 될 것이다.
살충성곰팡이 Metarhizium anisopliae의 ura5 유전자의 분리동정
박인철,이동규,강선철,황철원,Park, In-Cheol,Lee, Dong-Kyu,Kang, Sun-Cheol,Hwang, Cher-Won 한국응용생명화학회 1997 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.43 No.1
환경친화형 생물농약개발을 위한 방안의 일환으로, 벼별구 등 농해충병원사상균 Metarhizium anisopliae의 분자생물학적 육종을 위해 영양요구성 돌연변이를 상보하는 선택유전자, ura5 (Orotate phosphoribosyl transferase)를 cloning하였다. Cloning방법으로는 기존에 알려진 사상균의 ura5 유전자들간에 확인된 상보성 염기배열을 합성하여, 이것을 primer로 사용하여 PCR기법에 의해 부분적으로 cloning하였다 또한, PCR기법에 의해cloning된 uras유전자단편의 염기배열을 결정한 결과, Trichoderma resei의 ura5유전자와는 아미노산수준에서 약 85%의 상동성을 나타내었으며, 이 단편을 이용하여 Metarhizium anisopliae의 genomic library로 부터 ura5유전자가 포함된 약 4.4 kb의 DNA단편을 cloning 하였다. About 250 bp ura5 gene (Orotate phosphoribosyl transferase) fragment was cloned from genomic DNA of entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae by using PCR method. Entire nucleotide sequences of cloned DNA fragment were determined and analysed as compared with other fungus ura5 genes. The amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence showed 85.5% homology to ura5 protein of Trichoderma reesei. Using this 250 bp PCR fragment we have isolated full ura5 gene of M. anisopliae by genomic Southern hybridization and the isolated 4.4 kb DNA fragments were mapped by restrictional enzyme.