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Neural and Genetic Basis of Evasion, Approach and Predation
박시형,류지아,김대수 한국분자세포생물학회 2022 Molecules and cells Vol.45 No.2
Evasion, approach and predation are examples of innate behaviour that are fundamental for the survival of animals. Uniting these behaviours is the assessment of threat, which is required to select between these options. Far from being comprehensive, we give a broad review over recent studies utilising optic techniques that have identified neural circuits and genetic identities underlying these behaviours.
The Effects of Pre-task and Post-task Activities on L2 Vocabulary Retention
박시형,신유선 새한영어영문학회 2017 새한영어영문학 Vol.59 No.1
The study aims to explore the effects of pre-and-post task activities on vocabulary retention in L2 learners in Korea. The 64 university students participated in the study and they were randomly assigned to one of the two conditions (pre-task group and post-task group). To measure their lexical retention, two main tests were administrated: a Vocabulary Size Test (VTS) and a vocabulary test (immediate and delayed test) which was designed by a researcher. A series of MANOVA and repeated-measures were used to analyze the data collected for this study. The results suggested that significant mean differences were found in task types and proficiency levels but the interaction effect between task types and proficiency levels was not found. In summary, the participants tended to obtain the higher scores in both immediate and delayed vocabulary tests when they were involved in the post-task activity. The results also revealed that the advanced learners’ performance was superior to that of the novice group learners regardless of task types, which implies that the degree of attrition on vocabulary learning tended to slow down for the advanced group learners in comparison to that of the novice group learners. Pedagogical implications and future research directions are further suggested.
박시형,Kevin W. Williams,손종우 한국통합생물학회 2022 Animal cells and systems Vol.26 No.3
The lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPBN) has been shown to be involved in the suppression of appetite at the pharmacological, optogenetic and chemogenetic levels. However, the signalling that mediates activation of these neurons in physiological conditions has been hindered by difficulties in segregating different cell populations in this region. Using reporter mice, we identify at the electrophysiological level the effects of an anorexic hormone, leptin, on leptin receptor (ObR)-expressing neurons in the LPBN (LPBNObR neurons). Application of leptin caused inhibition in a subpopulation of LPBNObR neurons. This effect was mediated by an increased potassium conductance and was also accompanied by a decrease in excitatory synaptic input onto these neurons. However, mimicking the inhibitory effects of leptin on LPBNObR neurons through chemogenetics led to no changes in feeding or glucose levels, which suggests that leptin action on LPBNObR neurons may not be sufficient to regulate these metabolic aspects.