Au nanoparticle‐catalyzed electron transfer from ammonia‐borane to Ru( NH 3 ) 6 3+

박선화,Bhatia Aman,Nandhakumar Ponnusamy,김지현,양해식 대한화학회 2024 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.45 No.4

Metal nanoparticle (NP)‐catalyzed electron transfer (ET) from a reducing agent to a metal complex is useful for signal amplification in biosensors. For efficient ET, the metal complex must undergo rapid outer‐sphere reactions, be highly water‐soluble, and effectively penetrate bio/organic layers on metal NPs. Our study identifies Ru(NH 3 ) 6 3+ as well‐suited for this purpose. Among reducing agents, ammonia‐borane (AB) enables rapid metal NP‐catalyzed ET, with Au, Pt, and Pd NPs displaying similar catalytic activities. The pseudo second‐order rate constant for 20‐nm Au NP‐catalyzed ET from AB to Ru(NH 3 ) 6 3+ (1.4 × 10 8  M −1  s −1 ) approaches the diffusion‐controlled rate constant. Despite immunoglobulin G and bovine serum albumin passively adsorbed on Au NPs, catalytic activity remains largely unaffected. Applying Au NP‐catalyzed ET to prostate‐specific antigen detection in human serum achieves a low detection limit of 10 pg/mL. These findings highlight the potential of Ru(NH 3 ) 6 3+ and AB in designing biosensors based on rapid catalytic reaction. Metal nanoparticle (NP)-catalyzed electron transfer (ET) from a reducing agent to a metal complex is useful for signal amplification in biosensors. For efficient ET, the metal complex must undergo rapid outer-sphere reactions, be highly watersoluble, and effectively penetrate bio/organic layers on metal NPs. Our study identifies Ru(NH3)6 3+ as well-suited for this purpose. Among reducing agents, ammonia-borane (AB) enables rapid metal NP-catalyzed ET, with Au, Pt, and Pd NPs displaying similar catalytic activities. The pseudo second-order rate constant for 20-nm Au NP-catalyzed ET from AB to Ru(NH3)6 3+ (1.4 108 M1 s1) approaches the diffusion-controlled rate constant. Despite immunoglobulin G and bovine serum albumin passively adsorbed on Au NPs, catalytic activity remains largely unaffected. Applying Au NP-catalyzed ET to prostate-specific antigen detection in human serum achieves a low detection limit of 10 pg/mL. These findings highlight the potential of Ru(NH3)6 3+ and AB in designing biosensors based on rapid catalytic reaction.

연속흐름반응조에서 바이오필름형태의 탈염소화 미생물에 의한 TCE분해 모니터링

박선화,한경진,홍의전,안홍일,김남희,김현구,김태승,김영,Park, Sunhwa,Han, Kyungjin,Hong, Uijeon,Ahn, Hongil,Kim, Namhee,Kim, Hyunkoo,Kim, Taeseung,Kim, Young 한국지하수토양환경학회 2012 지하수토양환경 Vol.17 No.5

A 1.28 L-batch reactor and continuous-flow stirred tank reactor (CFSTR) fed with formate and trichloroethene (TCE) were operated for 120 days and 56 days, respectively, to study the effect of formate as electron donor on anaerobic reductive dechlorination (ARD) of TCE to cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (c-DCE), vinyl chloride (VC), and ethylene (ETH). In batch reactor, injected 60 ${\mu}mol$ TCE was completely degraded in the presence of 20% hydrogen gas ($H_2$) in less than 8 days by anaerobic dechlorination mixed-culture (300 mg-soluble protein), Evanite Culture with ability to completely degrade tetrachloroethene (PCE) and -TCE to ETH under anaerobic conditions. Once the formate was used as electron donor instead of hydrogen gas in batch or chemostat system, the TCE-dechlorination rate decreased and acetate production rate increased. It indicates that the concentration of hydrogen produced in both systems is possibly more close to threshold for homoacetogenesis process. Soluble protein concentration of Evanite culture during the batch test increased from 300 mg to 688 mg for 120 days. Through the protein monitoring, we confirmed an increase of microbial population during the reactor operation. In CFSTR test, TCE was fed continuously at 9.9 ppm (75.38 ${\mu}mol/L$) and the influent formate feed concentration increased stepwise from 1.3 mmol/L to 14.3 mmol/L. Injected TCE was accumulated at 18 days of HRT, but TCE was completely degraded at 36 days of HRT without accumulation of the injected-TCE during the left of experiment period, getting $H_2$ from fermentative hydrogen production of injected formate. Although c-DCE was also accumulated for 23 days after beginning of CFSTR operation, it reached steady-state in the presence of excessive formate. We also evaluated microbial dynamic of the culture at different chemical state in the reactor by DGGE (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis).

피터 캐리의『오스카와 루신다』: 오스카의 선교활동에 드러난 호주 원주민에 대한 식민화 정책

박선화 한국문학과종교학회 2020 문학과종교 Vol.25 No.1

이 논문은 1988년 부커상 수상작인 피터 캐리의『오스카와 루신다』에 재현 된 영국의 선교활동에 나타난 호주 원주민의 식민화 정책의 일면을 살펴보고자 한다. 영국 성공회 사제 오스카는 가난을 핑계로 시작한 도박에 중독된 후 이를 극복하기 위해 호주 파견을 자원한다. 하지만 아이러니하게도 호주로 가는 『리바이어던』 호의 비싼 비용을 치르기 위해 도박을 지속한다. 호주에서도 도박에서 벗어나지 못하고 심지어 루신다와 신을 위한다는 명분으로 유리 교회를 제작하는 위험을 감수한다. 심지어 오스카는 살인을 저지른다. 문제는 제프리스가 제국의 임무 완수를 위해 호주 원주민을 살육한 것을 비난하면서 자신의 살인은 신의 뜻이라고 여기는 것이다. 호주 원주민은 이러한 오스카를 신의 계시를 받은 존재로 숭배하고, 오스카는 그 호주 원주민에게 세례를 베푼다. 하지만 작가 캐리는 유리 교회에 갇혀 죽게 함으로써 오스카 사제의 종교적 위선과 기만을 풍자한다. 이에 의해『오스카와 루신다』를 기독교와 더불어 영국 제국주의의 허위성과 폭력을 고발하는 소설로 읽을 수 있다. This paper aims to examine aspects of British colonization of Australian Aborigines represented in Peter Carey’s man-booker prize winning novel Oscar and Lucinda (1988). Oscar is a missionary of the Church of England who becomes addicted to gambling to alleviate his poverty, which makes him decide to move to Australia. Ironically, he gambles to make money for the fare of the Leviathan. In Australia he cannot stop gambling, taking the risk of establishing a glass church for the cause of the love of Lucinda and God. Oscar even kills a man. The point is that he criticizes Jeffris’s massacre in the name of British imperialism, avoiding the responsibility of his slaughter and christening an aborigine. Here, Carey satirizes Oscar’s hypocrisy and self-deception by sinking him caged in the glass church. That is, Oscar and Lucinda can imply the denouncement of the Church of England and British imperialism.

노이만의 위대한 어머니 이론으로 읽는 길먼의 『허랜드』: ‘사랑의 신’의 양면성

박선화 한국문학과종교학회 2021 한국문학과종교학회 국제학술대회 Vol.2021 No.01

A Study on Death in Doris Lessing's Novels with Special Reference to Erich Neumann's Theory of the Terrible Mother Archetype

박선화 한국중앙영어영문학회 2005 영어영문학연구 Vol.47 No.2

In Doris Lessing’s The Diary of a Good Neighbor (1983), the protagonist, Jane Somers, attempts to be reconciled with her mother as well as to play a role as a good daughter opposite to the female characters who, in Lessing’s early novels, always struggle with their mothers. Such a change of Jane can be seen in her inner world, particularly described in her diary, related to the relationship of Maudie Fowler and herself. So it is possible to read this novel from an analytical psychology, especially with Neumann’s theory of the terrible mother. Neumann says that the terrible mother, who personifies the destructive and devouring aspect of the unconscious, sometimes helps the ego to achieve centroversion or sometimes prohibits the ego from trying to do it. The terrible mother in The Diary of a Good Neighbor is embodied as death, for the journey of Jane toward centroversion is mainly developed in overcoming the fear of death or, literally, death, such as, her husband’s and mother’s and Maudie’s deaths. Through the three deaths, Jane comes to accept the dark side of her life and is changed from ego-centrism to altruism, leading her to help her niece. As a result, it is believed that she can solve her problem that she has no affection for others resulting in being isolated from her family. Accordingly, Jane perceives life as more important, realizing how precious it is to love each other.

고대 한국인이 선호한 기본도형의 의미와 유형

박선화,김지수,나영주 한국감성과학회 2019 감성과학 Vol.22 No.2

The purposes of this study are to identify the meaning of the geometrical patterns preferred by ancient Korean peoples and to classify them into some groups by their similarity. We investigated various patterns found on clothing and relics from GoJoseon to Goguryeo period, and utilized secondary sources such as history articles, Internet materials and photo and analyzed the associations of the varied patterns found in pottery, handicrafts, and clothing with the ancient cultures. We found the letters (ㅇ, ㅁ, and ㅅ of Korean alphabet, Hangul) preferred by ancestors who worshipped nature to identify the significations attached by them to particular patterns. The results confirm the following: first, the circle pattern indicated the sun, moon, stars in the sky, a bronze mirror, and a man's face. Circles and ovals were also observed to represent the individual souls of the clan or community. Second, square patterns symbolized the land and the patterns that signified the wellbeing of family and the country. Oblique rectangles were more frequently used as they represented a double use of the triangle, a shape that implied mystic power. Third, triangle symbolized regeneration, power, and humanity. While the Neolithic Age jade remnants of hair combs appear not to be irrelevant to the process of comb-shaped pottery production of the time, many fine comb-like lines may be found on bronze mirrors. Through its review of the glorious designs inherited from and established by ancient ancestors, the present research endeavor may help in identifying the spirits and traditions of Korean history. 본 연구의 목적은 오래전부터 한국인이 애용해 온 기본 도형을 분석하여 의미와 상징성을 밝히고 그 유형을 분류하는 것이다. 선조들은 원, 네모, 세모 형태를 선호하였는데 한글에 ‘ㅇ, ㅁ, ㅅ’ 가 존재하는 사실이 이를 뒷받침한다. 이를 위해 고조선부터 삼국시대에 이르기까지 복식과 유물 등에 나타난 기본 도형을 고찰하였다. 연구방법으로는 도서, 인터넷 및 사진자료 등을 분석하였으며 도자기, 청동기, 복식 등 다양한 곳에 나타난 도형의 연결고리를 찾았다. 그 연구결과 첫째, 원은 하늘, 해, 달, 별, 청동거울, 얼굴 등을 상징하는데 일찍이 천문관측이 발달했던 사실과 원형제단이나 제사장의 표징인 원형 청동거울이 이를 뒷받침한다. 둘째, 땅(地)을 상징하는 것은 네모라고 보았다. 하늘과 땅신에게 모두 제사를 지냈었고 네모는 부족 공동체의 안녕과 풍요를 담은 현실을 의미하는 형태이다. 마름모형이 더 많이 애용되었는데 이는 힘을 상징하는 세모가 두 개나 들어있는 형태이기 때문이라고 추측한다. 셋째, 빗살무늬 토기에서도 나타나지만 뫼 ‘山’과 사람 ‘人’ 및 모자나 마늘의 형태 또는 나 ‘厶’ 등으로부터 세모가 파생되었다고 보는데 하늘, 땅 다음으로 사람이 중요하다는 고대인의 사고에서 발생한 것으로 본다. 아름다운 유산인 기본 도형의 연구를 통해 한국역사의 오랜 전통과 정신을 이해하고 새로운 창조문화로 이어지길 기대한다.

레몬아로마 오일의 멜라닌 생성 억제작용

박선화,하명희,안재현 한국피부미용향장학회 2007 한국피부미용향장학회지 Vol.2 No.2

염색체 7q22에 대한 페인팅 probe 제작

박선화,전용혁 고려대학교 의과대학 1995 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.32 No.2

Physical microdissection of metaphase chromosome is the most straightforward approach for the isolation of DNA sequences from specific chromosome regions, it has played a great role in cloning of genes as well as for cytogenetic analysis of genetic diseases and cancers. In this study we have carried out to construct the band-specific painting probe for 7q22. Microdissection was performed using an inverted microscope (magnification 1000X) with the help of microglass needles and an micromanipulator and we dissected 25 chromosome fragment from 7q22. Universal amplification of the microdissected fragements with universal primer resulted in a smear ranging from 200-800 base pairs. To prepare painting probe, 2ul of the PCR product were labelled in a secondary PCR with biotin 16-dUTP. The probe was hybridized back to normal metaphase chromosomes by fluorescent in situ hybridization and fluorescent signals were detected at 7q22 specifically. In conclusion, this method will allow the rapid generation of numerous band-specific probes which will faciliate diagnosis of specific genetic diseases, and significantly extends the limits of conventional cytogenetic analysis and thus enabling the analysis of unknown chromosome regions.

통독일 이후 경제정책과 외국인직접투자(FDI)

박선화 동아대학교 독일학연구소 2009 獨逸學硏究 Vol.- No.25

분획법을 이용한 석유계 총 탄화수소(TPH) 분석에 대한 연구

박선화,김덕현,전상호,송다희,김현구,김문수,정현미,김태승 한국분석과학회 2016 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.11