동중서(董仲舒)의 예론(禮論)

박동인 ( Dong In Park ) 퇴계학연구원 2010 退溪學報 Vol.127 No.-

이글의 목적은 董仲舒의 禮論을 탐구하는 것이다. 왜냐하면 동중서의 예론은 漢代 禮法觀의 범형을 구축한 그의 禮主法輔(=德主刑輔)의 구조를 이해하거나 그의 禮治시스템을 이해하는데 매우 중요한 주제임에도 불구하고 국내·외의 연구가 아직 미진한 상태이기 때문이다. 동중서 예론은 대체로 두 부분으로 정리할 수 있다. 즉 첫째는 이전 유가를 계승·인습한 부분인데, 이것은 예의 발생연원이나 등급질서에 따라 다르게 규정된 예의제도 및 그의 예론의 두 축인 文質論이다. 그리고 둘째는 문질론 중 동기강조부분과 그의 봉건등급질서구축부분이다. 이상을 통해서 우리는 동중서가 동기를 강조함으로써 진나라 이후 지속된 嚴刑峻法風土를 일신시켜 유가의 德治·禮治構造로 전환하고자 했을 뿐만 아니라, 그 이후 法 해석의 준거인 原心定罪를 산출함으로써 당시 法 적용의 풍토를 변화시키고자 했음을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 사회·정치적인 등급질서를 자연법칙인 陰陽으로 정당화시킴으로써 다시는 전국시대와 같은 혼란이나 漢初의 반란사건을 되풀이하지 않게 하며, 또 이른바 천자-신하-백성이라는 봉건등급질서와 三綱의 구조를 구축함으로써 사회 안정망을 확보하고자 했다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그는 그래야 당시의 시대적 요청인 황제절대권과 중앙집권 및 사회의 안정을 이루어 漢제국의 長治久安이 가능할 것이라 여겼다. The goal of this article is to study Dong Zhong-Shu`s theory of rites. Despite the fact that study on Dong Zhong-Shu`s theory of rites are matter of importance in understanding not only his theory of rule of rites[禮治] but also the system of his "rites as the main and the laws as the subsidy[禮主法輔]," (or "virtue as the main and punishment as the subsidy[德主刑輔]" which constructed the model[範型] of Han dynasty` standpoint on rites and laws, studies on this subject have in much deficiency among both domestic and international scholars. Generally, Dong Zhong-Shu`s theory of rites can be arranged in two parts. The first part succeeds the traditional Confucianism: the origin of rites[禮], system of rites[禮儀制度] according to the system of hierarchy[等級制度], and his theory of wenzhi[文質論] as which are the two axis of his theory of rites. The second part is his emphasis on "motive" from his theory of wenzhi and his construction of "feudal hierarchical order[封建等級秩序]." Through the facts mentioned above, we could know that Dong Zhong-Shu, by emphasizing motive, not only tried to switch over toward Confucian rule of virtue and rule of rites from the culture of "severe punishment and harsh laws[嚴刑峻法]" which had been prevalent since Qin(秦) dynasty, but also tried to change the application of laws by arguing "sentence of guilt based on (one`s) heart[原心定罪]" which became the authority cited for interpreting laws after him. Furthermore, by justifying the social and political hierarchial order through the simile of natural order of yin and yang he wanted to make sure that the likes of chaos during the Warring States(475-221 B.C) period or repeated attempts of treason into the early Han would never happen again. Also we could know that by constructing a feudal heirarchical order of emperor-subject-people and the structure of three basic human relations(between sovereign and subject, father and son, husband and wife), Dong Zhong-Shu tried to secure a safety network of society. He thought that by doing so, he could achieve the absolute authority of the emperor, centralization of government, and a stability of society, so as to prolong the reign of Han dynasty.

水原 古索洞 舊石器時代 遺蹟의 一考

박동실(Park, Dong-Sill) 백산학회 2007 白山學報 Vol.- No.77

Gosaek-dong Site was located at the southwest of Suwon City. This paleolithic site was excavated by Kyonggi University museum, 2005. The site placed on the south hillside of low mountain(40.2m). Before excavation, this site was used as a agricultural field. In this paper, I try to discuss about the specific characteristics of late paleolithic artifacts uncovered at Gosaek-dong site. First, the excavation of paleolithic artifacts was for the first time in Suwon City region. Before this excavation, paleolithic artifacts such as stone axes, polyhedrals, scrapers, etc, were collected on the surface survey from Osan Gambaesan site in Hwasung City and Daeyami site in Gunpo City. Second, Gosaek-dong site has five soil layers. Among these layers, cultural layer for paleolithic is belonged to second layer in which stone artifacts were included. Just under the cultural layer, wedge shape structures formed at the Ice Age were appeared on the wall of trench. Third, artifacts uncovered are polyhedrals, scrapers, picks, stone cores, and lots of flakes. Although the amounts of artifacts are not so much excavated, from this cultural assemblages we may understand about the making process of stone tools for hunting activities. Finally, the chronology of the site is not clear because of the fact that not only amount of artifacts was rare, but also any evidences for aging the site was uncovered. Nevertheless, we can assume that this site was occupied by human at the late of Upper Paleolithic period, because artifacts excavated in the site is very similar with those of Sam-ri site in Gwangjoo City, Hopyung-dong site in Namyangjoo City, and Gambaesan site in Hwasung City.

시설재배 참외의 수량과 품질에 미치는 灌肥효과

박동금(Park Dong-Kum),권준국(Kwon Joon-Kook),이재한(Lee Jae-Han),엄영철(Um Yeong-Cheol),김회태(Kim Hae-Tae) 한국원예학회 1997 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.15 No.1

不動産實名法 제4조에 의한 不動産名義信託의 效力

朴東?(Dong-Jin Park) 한국법학원 1999 저스티스 Vol.32 No.3

새로운 무감독 경쟁 학습 알고리즘의 개발

박동철(Dong-Chul Park) 한국지능시스템학회 1999 한국지능시스템학회논문지 Vol.9 No.2

남자대학생의 카바디 운동이 대사호르몬 및 면역기능에 미치는 영향

박동수(Dong-Soo Park),양상훈(Sang-Hoon Yang) 한국발육발달학회 2018 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.26 No.4

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a Kabaddi exercise to metabolic hormone and immune function in male college students. During the experiment 14 men were selected and tested. The subjects were randomly assigned to a control (CON: n=7) or a raining group (TR: n=7) group. A total of 2 blood samples were collected before and after 12 weeks of exercise. First, insulin was significantly decreased while glucagon was increased but did not show any significant change in the strength group. On the other hand, insulin was increased and glucagon was decreased, indicating no significant change in the control group. Second, there were significant increases in the neutrophils and lymphocytes, while there was increases in the monocyte counts but not significant change. On the other hand, neutrophils and lymphocytes were increased, while monocyte counts was decreased but did not show any significant changes in the control group. Third, immunity globulin was significantly increased in IgA, while it was increased in IgG and IgM but not significant. On the other hand, there were increases in IgA, IgG and IgM but not significant changes in the control group. Based on the results from the experiment, the Kabaddi exercise program resulted in a decrease in insulin and an increase in neutrophils and lymphocytes. It is expected to enhance the control of blood sugar, speed of muscle recovery and increase of immunity. It also improved metabolism hormone and immune function.

초등학생 자녀를 둔 주부의 유기농채소 구매행동에 관한 질적 연구

박동연(Dong-Yean Park) 한국지역사회생활과학회 2017 한국지역사회생활과학회지 Vol.28 No.4

과실비대성숙기 토양수분조건이 머스크멜론의 수량과 품질에 미치는 영향

박동금(Park Dong-Kum),권준국(Kwon Joon-Kook),이재한(Lee Jae-Han),엄영철(Um Yeong-Cheol),김희태(Kim Hae-Tae) 한국생물환경조절학회 1997 한국생물환경조절학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.6 No.1

키즈 필라테스와 수영운동이 유소년의 신체구성 및 체력에 미치는 효과

박동수(Dong-Soo Park),김송은(Song-Eun Kim) 한국발육발달학회 2017 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.25 No.4

The purpose of this study is to scientifically find out how kids pilates and swimming exercise program during 12 weeks influences body composition and physical strength of primary school students and provide material about the formation of physical strength. A total of 36 members of 17 kids pilates exercise group and 19 swimming exercise group were surveyed, respectively, to measure body composition(body weight, BMI) and physical strength(Cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility). We have come to a conclusion as follows : First, after kids pilates and swimming exercise during 12 weeks, weight and BMI of body composition seemed to decrease but there is no significant difference. Secondly, after kids pilates exercise during 12 weeks, muscular strength(p<.001), muscular endurance(p<.001), and flexibility(p<.01) etc. of physical strength showed significant increases but there is no significant difference in Cardiorespiratory endurance. Third, after swimming exercise during 12 weeks, Cardiorespiratory endurance(p<.01), muscular strength(p<.001), muscular endurance(p<.001), and flexibility(p<.001) etc. of physical strength were shown to be improved meaningfully. When combined with the results, kids Pilates and swimming exercise program have improved the physical factors.

격자크기에 따른 지하수 수위특성 분석

박동일 ( Dong Il Park ),안승섭 ( Seung Seop Ahn ),고병련 ( Byong Byeon Ko ),오영훈 ( Young Hun Oh ) 한국수처리학회 2015 한국수처리학회지 Vol.23 No.5

According to the analysis on previous studies of numerical modeling and evaluation of ground water effects, most of them focused on mediating variables, rather than a grid size. The first setting for modeling is a proper grid size of an area to analyze. Therefore, this study used the three-dimensional numerical analysis model MODFLOW to vary a grid size, to estimate an observation level and a calculation level, and to compare the characteristics of ground water. As a result, when the optimal mediating variable with the grid size of 50m×50m was estimated for the initial mediating variable, Mean error was 0.159, Mean absolute error 1.072, Root mean squared error 1.489. Therefore, the target area had applicability of numerical model. In the condition where the optimal mediating variable was fixed and a grid size varied, the model was applied. As a result, just as the value of observation level, the value of determination coefficient was 0.999. It indicated that mediating variable was more sensitive to ground water modeling than a grid size. Nevertheless, in the case of modeling for wells density area or for precision, each grid size was analyzed to be determined according to well in order for more accurate analysis. Therefore, it was found that it was necessary to set a proper grid size and assign each grid size to each well in order to increase accuracy of modeling.