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In vitro Study and Clinical Trial of Natural Essential Oils and Extract Against Malassezia Species
이민영,나의영,윤숙정,이승철,원영호,이지범 대한의진균학회 2018 대한의진균학회지 Vol.23 No.4
Background: Malassezia, a lipophilic yeast, is a causative agent for dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis. Many biological agents have been studied for anti-Malassezia effect but further studies are needed for their clinical application. Objective: The study was conducted to evaluate the inhibitory effect of different natural essential oils and a fruit extract on Malassezia species in an in vitro study and a clinical trial. Methods: The antifungal effects of natural essential oils and a fruit extract on Malassezia species (M. furfur and M. sympodialis) were evaluated by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) and using the disc diffusion method. Natural essential oils of citron seed, lavender, and rosemary and citrus junos fruit extract were used for the in vitro study. The clinical trial was conducted with a shampoo containing four ingredients. A total of 22 subjects used the shampoo every day for 4 weeks and were evaluated using clinical photography, trichoscopy, and sebumeter at baseline, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks after treatment. Results: Antifungal activity of agents was relatively lower in lavender and rosemary essential oils at MIC and MFC. Disc diffusion method revealed same results. In the clinical trial, the amount of sebum decreased statistically significantly and erythema, dandruff, and lesion extent also improved. Conclusion: The natural essential oils and fruit extract are effective for suppressing Malassezia activity, therefore these might be used as an alternative for treatment of dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis.
The Effect of Capsaicin on Neuroinflammatory Mediators of Rosacea
김현빈,나의영,윤숙정,이지범 대한피부과학회 2022 Annals of Dermatology Vol.34 No.4
Background: Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a pathophysiological mechanism that remains unclear. Recently, dysregulation of the sensory nerve system has been implicated in the development of this condition. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of capsaicin on neuroinflammatory mediators in rosacea. In addition, this study aimed to evaluate the attenuating effects of cap- sazepine, a transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) antagonist. Methods: We obtained skin tissue from both rosacea patients and normal individuals for an study. In addition, normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) were cultured, and treated with capsaicin and capsazepine for an study. Quantitative changes in neuroinflammatory mediators were evaluated by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), real-time PCR, enzyme-linked immuno- sorbent assay, and immunofluorescence staining. Results: The data showed the increase of TRPV1, TRPV4, cathelicidin (LL37) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in skin tissue by real-time PCR. In addition, the data showed that cathelicidin (LL37), kallikrein-5 (KLK-5), TNF-α, vascular endothelial growth fac- tor (VEGF), interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-8, and protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) increased in capsaicin-treated NHEKs. Capsazepine attenuated the expression of TRPV1 and other mediators, except for IL-8, in capsaicin-treated NHEKs. Conclusion: We confirmed that TRPV1, TRPV4, cathelicidin (LL37) and TNF-α are in- creased in rosacea skin, and that capsaicin is associated with increase of neuroinflamma- tory mediators such as LL37, KLK-5, TNF-α, VEGF, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-8, and PAR2. Modu- lators or inhibitors of neuroinflammatory mediators including TRPV1 could be potential therapeutic option in the treatment of patients with rosacea.
마우스 피부에서 ALA 및 ALA 에스테르 유도체에 의한 Protoporphyrin 9의 합성 및 발현
김형성 ( Hyung Sung Kim ),나의영 ( Eui Young Na ),윤숙정 ( Sook Jung Yun ),김성진 ( Seong Jin Kim ),이승철 ( Seung Chul Lee ),원영호 ( Young Ho Won ),박형련 ( Hyoung Ryun Park ),이지범 ( Jee Bum Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2009 대한피부과학회지 Vol.47 No.6
Background: Photodynamic therapy with using 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is a good noninvasive treatment modality that can treat several cutaneous diseases. Yet hydrophilic ALA is not able to easily penetrate the cellular membrane or the lipid layer of the skin. Thus, various ALA alkyl esters been developed. Objective: We studied whether novel ALA unsaturated alkyl esters synthesize more protoporhyrin IX (PpIX) than does ALA in mouse skin tissues. Methods: We applied 5, 10, 15% ALA and ALA esters ointment to the skin of shaved mice, respectively. We harvested the skin tissue, made a preparation and did quantitative analysis according to the fluorescent spectrum for determining the amount of PpIX synthesized in the skin after the elapse of 1 hour and 3 hours, respectively. Results: No matter what the sort or the concentration of the ALA and ALA ester was, the amount of synthesized PpIX increased more after the elapse of 3 hours than that after 1 hour. ALA (hetenyl-, petenyl-, butenyl-, methyl-) esters tended to produce a much greater amount of PpIX than ALA. According to the results of the comparative study with using 5%, 10% and 15% of ALA and ALA esters ointment, the amount of synthesized PpIX was not proportional to the concentration of the ALA and the ALA esters, even though the ALA esters produced more PpIX than the ALA. Conclusion: We found that the ALA unsaturated alkyl esters are a good photosensitizer and they are similar to ALA-me, which is an ALA saturated alkyl ester that induces more PpIX, an actual photosensitizer, than ALA can. (Korean J Dermatol 2009;47(6):683∼689)