인진호(茵蔯蒿)가 Fas-FasL 매개형 간세포 Apoptosis에 미치는 영향

김형환,안중환,김종대,김철호,김선강,Kim, Hyeong-Hwan,An, Joong-Hwan,Kim, Jong-Dae,Kim, Cheorl-Ho,Kim, Seon-Kang 대한한방내과학회 2001 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.22 No.3

Objectives: Recently, it was known that the major cause of hepatitis is apoptosis reaction mediated by Fas-FasL. Since Artemisia Capillaris Fructus has long been applied to cure the jaundice in oriental medicine. Therefore, this study was carried out to examine the effect of fractions of Artemisia Capillaris Fructus on Fas-FasL-mediated apoptosis in hepatocytes. Methods: This study employed propidium iodide negative cell count assay and some the other biochemical assays. Results : This study confirms that hepatitis has been occured by apoptosis mediated by Fas-FasL in cultured hepatocyte and fractions of Artemisia Capillaris Fructus restrain apoptosis induced Fas-FasL. Conclusions : Water-extracted fraction, methanol extracts, ether-soluble fraction, and buthanol-soluble fractions of Artemisia Capillaris Fructus restrain Fas-FasL-mediated apoptosis in hepatocyte. Silica gel chromatograph of Buthanol-soluble fraction of Artemisia Capillaris Fructus restrain Fas-FasL-mediated apoptosis in hepatocyte. Artemisia Capillaris Fructus could be applied to cure hepatitis.

수경재배 딸기에서 포식성 천적, 아큐레이퍼응애를 이용한 작은뿌리파리의 생물적 방제

김형환,윤정범,김동환,양창열,강택준,Kim, Hyeong-Hwan,Yoon, Jung-Beom,Kim, Dong-Hwan,Yang, Chang-Yeol,Kang, Taek-Jun 한국응용곤충학회 2016 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.55 No.4

2012년부터 2013년까지 2년에 걸쳐 남원과 합천의 수경재배 딸기에서 포식성 응애 아큐레이퍼응애를 배지에 방사하여 작은뿌리파리의 밀도억제 효과를 조사하였다. 수경재배 딸기에서 아큐레이퍼응애를 $m^2$당 60.6마리를 3회~4회 방사한 결과 아큐레이퍼응애 방사구에서는 작은 뿌리파리의 밀도억제 효과도 높았고 작은뿌리파리 유충에 의한 시들음 증상이나 고사되는 딸기의 피해도 줄었는데 무처리구 보다 7.4~10.4%의 피해율이 감소되었다. Biological control of the fungus gnat Bradysia difformis by the predatory mite Hypoaspis aculeifer was examined in hydroponic systems of strawberries in Namwon and Hapcheon varieties of Jeollabuk-do and Gyeongsangbuk-do provinces, respectively, from 2012 to 2013. The damage to strawberries caused by B. difformis was examined in seedling stages and during cultivation periods. To achieve environment-friendly management of B. difformis, 60.6 individuals of H. aculeifer were released per square-meter three and four times during cultivations periods of the Namwon and Hapcheon strawberry varieties, respectively. H. aculeifer had better control efficiency against of B. difformis than that observed with conventional cultural practices. Wilt symptoms and damage of strawberries due to B. difformis were decreased by approximately 7.4-10.4%.

Bromobenzene으로 유발된 흰쥐의 간손상(肝損傷)에서 가미오령산이 항산화(抗酸化) 작용(作用)에 미치는 영향

김형환,김미랑,박철수,김종대,Kim, Hyeong-Hwan,Kim, Mi-Rang,Park, Chul-Soo,Kim, Jong-Dae 대한한방내과학회 2000 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.21 No.3

Objective : This is the experimental paper to investigate the effects of Gami-oryungsan(GO) on decreasing the activities of free radicals. Methods : We used three different group; In the normal group, we injected Gami-oryungsan extract intraperitoneally daily for 15days(90mg/kg), bromobenzene(310mg/kg) for 2days and injected normal saline in the control group. Results : We have observed the effects of Gami-oryungsan about the damage of rat's liver induced by bromobenzene. We can find the level of lipid peroxidation and type conversion ratio of xanthine oxidase decreased compared to the case of bromobenzene-treated group. The enzyme of activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase highly increased in Gami-oryungsan pre-acupunctured group compared to the group treated with only bromobenzene. The level of glutathione in Gami-oryungsan pre-acupunctured group was increased as highly as normal group. Also it was not seen special effects concerning aldehyde oxidase. Conclusions : Gami-oryungsan extract recovers the damage of liver due to bromobenzene intoxication by decreasing the lipid peroxidation.

간세포(肝細胞)의 산화적 손상에 대한 백화사설초(白花蛇舌草)의 항산화효과

김형환,이채중,박철수,김미랑,김종대,문진영,안중환,Kim, Hyeong-Hwan,Lee, Chae-Jung,Park, Chul-Soo,Kim, Mi-Rang,Kim, Jong-Dae,Mun, Jin-Young,An, Jung-Hwan 대한한방내과학회 2002 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.23 No.1

Objective : This study was designed to investigate the anti-oxidative effects of Oldenlandiae Diffusae Herba Water extract (ODHW) on lipid peroxidation by free radicals oxidative hepatic injury. Methods : In order to evaluate anti-oxidative activities of ODHW in the liver cell, cultured normal rat liver cells(Ac2F) were incubated with or without ODHW. After 16 hours to 18 hours of experiment, cells were placed in DMEM medium without serum, and then incubated with 1mM tert-butyl hydro-peroxide(t-BHP) for two hours. Viable cells were detected by MTT assay. The levels of LPO induced by hydroxyl radical derived from H2O2-Fe2+ system in rat liver homogenate were determined by means of TBA. Inhibitory effect of ODHW on superoxide generation was measured by xanthine-xanthine oxidase system. Results : In the linoleic acid autoxidation system, ODHW exhibited antioxidant activity, which inhibited 85% of linoleic acid peroxidation. These effects were similar to those of dl-a-tocopherol. ODHW showed scavenging effects on DPPH radical, inhibited superoxide generation in xanthine-xanthine oxidase system, and also inhibited lipid peroxidation of rat liver tissue with hydroxyl radical derived from $H_2O_2-Fe^{2+}$ system. In addition, ODHW protected the cell death induced by t-BHP and it significantly increased cell viability in a normal rat liver cell(Ac2F)

오이에 피해를 주는 오이긴털가루응애(신칭), Tyrophagus neiswanderi 보고

김형환,김동환,양창열,강택준,정재아,이종호,전성욱,송진선,Hwan Kim, Hyeong,Kim, Dong Hwan,Yang, Chang Yeol,Kang, Taek Jun,Jung, Jae A,Lee, Jong Ho,Jeon, Seong-Uk,Song, Jin Sun 한국응용곤충학회 2014 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.53 No.4

Mites were collected from organic cultivations of greenhouse cucumbers and identified as Tyrophagus neiswanderi (Acari: caridae). T. neiswanderi (length, $490.1{\mu}m;$ width, $288.1{\mu}m$) is a very small, milky-white, and egg-shaped mite, and it mainly causes damage to the leaves, flowers, and fruits of cucumber plants. In the early growing season of cucumbers, the shoots of seedlings became pale and yellow because of T. neiswanderi, and eventually shrinkage or bud-failing was observed in the plants. In the middle of the growing season, T. neiswanderi caused white spots on the leaves and flowers of the plants, and the spots gradually became holes. T. neiswanderi also caused severe damage to young fruits by feeding on the rinds of the fruits, inducing malformations and lowering the economic value. 무농약 시설재배 오이에서 잎, 꽃 및 과실을 가해하던 응애를 채집하여 동정한 결과 오이긴털가루응애(Tyrophagus neiswanderi)로 동정되었다. 오이긴털가루응애는 분류학상 응애목(Acarina) 가루응애과(Astigmata)에 속하며 형태적으로는 유백색의 계란형을 띄고 체장은 $490.1{\mu}m$, 체폭은 $288.1{\mu}m$의 매우 작은 응애이다. 오이긴털가루응애는 잎, 꽃, 과실에 모두 발생하여 피해를 주었다. 피해증상은 정식 초기 유묘의 경우 신초가 수축되면서 연노란색으로 탈색이 되고, 심하면 신초가 멎는 피해가 나타난다. 또한 오이가 생육을 하는 과정에서 잎이 피해를 받으면 처음에는 오이잎에 흰색의 반점이 나타나고 시간이 경과함에 따라 반점에 구멍이 나고 찢어진다. 꽃에서도 흰색 반점과 찢어지는 증상이 나타난다. 과실에서는 어린 과실일 때 피해를 받으면 과실의 비대가 저해되거나 기형과가 나타나며, 과실이 비대하더라도 코르크증상으로 인해 상품성이 떨어지게 된다.

누구나 하는 성공<?> 아무나 못하는 성공<!> - 성공은 재능이 아닙니다. 목적 있는 방향의 "관리"의 결과입니다.

김형환,Kim, Hyeong-Hwan 한국발명진흥회 2010 發明特許 Vol.35 No.10

방제포커스 - 겨울철 시설채소 주요해충 관리 - 해충 발생초기 예찰 필수 살포 시기 적절성이 방제 핵심

김형환,Kim, Hyeong-Hwan 한국작물보호협회 2011 자연과 농업 Vol.273 No.-

무궁화잎밤나방(Anomis mesogona)과 큰붉은잎밤나방(Anomis commoda)에 대한 Steinernema carpocapsae 포천 계통의 병원성

김형환,박형순,조윤진,이동운,추호렬,구관효,Kim Hyeong-Hwan,Park Hyung-Soon,Cho Yoon-Jin,Lee Dong-Woon,Choo Ho-Yul,Goo Kwan-Hyo 한국잔디학회 2005 한국잔디학회지 Vol.19 No.1

Pathogenicity of entomopathogenic nematde, Steinernema carpocapsae Pocheon strain (ScP) was evaluated against different larval stages(2nd, 3-4th and 5th) of Anomis commode and Anomis mesogona(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in petri dish and pot. The $LC_{50}$ values were increased in proportion to larval stage of A. commoda and A. mesogona. $LC_{50}$ value of ScP against 2nd instar of A. commoda and A. mesogona was 9.7 and 4.5, respectively. The 2nd instar of both species was also susceptible to ScP in pot test. That is, mortality of 2nd instar of A. commode and A. mesogona was higher representing $72.5\%\;and\;87.5\%$ 5 days later after treatment, respectively, when ScP was applied at the ,ate of 90,000 infective juveniles(Ijs) per $pot(=1\times10^9\;Ijs/ha)$. However, susceptibility was decreased from 3rd instar. Mortality of 5th instar of A. commoda and A. mesogona was $5.0\%\;and\;10.0\%$, respectively, at the rate of 90,000 Ijs/pot. When ScP was applied into pot including mixed larval stages from 2nd to 5th instar(10 larvae far 2nd instar, 10 larvae for 3rd - 4th instars, and 10 larvae for 5th instar) at the rate of 90,000 Ijs/pot, mortality of A. commoda and A. mesogona was $69.2\%\;and\;50.0\%$, respectively. 무궁화의 중요한 식엽성 해충인 무궁화잎밤나방(Anomis mesogona)과 큰붉은잎밤나방(Anomis commoda)에 대한 곤충병원성 선충 Steinernena carpocapsue 포천 계통(ScP)의 병원성을 실내 petri dish와 pot에서 령기별(2령, 3-4령, 5령)로 검정하였다. 큰붉은잎밤나방과 무궁화잎밤나방에 대한 반수치사농도$(LC_{50})$는 령기가 높아질수록 증가하여 선충에 대한 감수성이 감소하였는데, 2령충의 경우 각각 9.7과 4.5였다. 그리고 Pot에서도 ScP의 병원성은 령기에 따라 차이를 보였다. ScP는 큰붉은잎밤나방과 무궁화잎밤나방의 2령충에 대하여 가장 높은 치사율을 보였는데, 90,000마리/pot($=1\times10^9$ 마리/ha) 처리 시 각각 $72.5\%$와 $87.5\%$의 치사율을 보였다. 반면 3-4령충부터는 병원성이 감소하여 큰붉은잎밤나방과 무궁화잎밤나방 5령충에 대해서는 처리 5일 후, 90,000마리/pot 처리 시 각각 $5.0\%$와 $10.0\%$의 치사율만 나타내었다. Pot에 2령충과 3-4령충, 5령충을 각각 10마리씩 접종한 후, ScP를 90,000마리/pot 농도로 처리하였을 때, 큰붉은잎밤나방과 무궁화잎밤나방의 치사율은 각각 $69.2\%$와 $50.0\%$였다.

한국산 곤충병원성 선충에 대한 알팔파바구미의 감수성 실내 검정

김형환,한건영,박정찬,추호렬,조성래,이홍수,이동운,박정규,Kim, Hyeong-Hwan,Han, Gun-Yeong,Park, Chung-Chan,Choo, Ho-Yul,Cho, Sung-Rae,Lee, Heung-Soo,Lee, Dong-Woon,Park, Chung-Gyoo 한국응용곤충학회 2007 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.46 No.1

한국산 곤충병원성 선충 S. carpocapsae GSN1 계통(ScG), S. glaseri Dongrae 계통(SgD), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Hamyang 계통(HbH) 및 Heterorhabditis spp. Cyeongsan 계통(HeG)에 대한 알팔파바구미의 감수성을 실내 페트리디쉬 검정하였다. 알팔파바구미의 유충 치사율은 선충 종과 처리농도에 따라 유의적인 차이가 있었다. 알팔파바구니의 유충 한 마리당 각 선충 계통의 감염충(3령충)을 20마리 이상 접종했을 때 3일 후 77.5(HbH)-100(SgD)의 높은 치사율을 나타내었다. 선충의 침입수는 선충 종과 처리농도에 따라 차이가 있었으나, 증식수는 유의적 인 차이가 없었다. 침 입수에서는 SgD를 알팔파바구미 유충 한 마리당 80마리로 접종했을 때 30.2마리로 가장 많았다. 그리고 증식수는 HeG를 알팔파바구미 유충 한 마리당 80마리로 접종했을 때 2,671.5로 가장 많았다. 한국산 곤충병원성 선충 4 계통은 알팔파바구미의 성충에는 전혀 기생하지 않았으나 노숙 유충에 대해서는 매우 감수성이었다. Laboratory tests were conducted to determine the susceptibility of the alfalfa weevil, Hypera postica to Korean entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema carpocapsae GSN1 strain (ScG), S. glaseri Dongrae strain (SgD), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Hamyang strain (HbH), and Heterorhabditis sp. Gyeongsan strain (HeG) at the petri dish assay. The larval mortality of H. postica was significantly different depending on nematode species and treatment concentration. SgD and HeG strain were more effective against H. postica larva than ScG and HbH strain. When SgD and HeG strain were treated with the rate of >20 infective juveniles (ijs) per alfalfa weevil larva, mortality was ca. 77.5-100% at the late instars of H. postica in 3 days. The number of established nematode was significantly different depending on nematode species, whereas number of progeny was not significantly different. The mean number of established us of SgD strain in a host was the highest at 80 ijs by 30.2. The highest progeny number of HeG strain was 2,671.5 with 80 ijs. All nematode strains were not parasitic entirely to H. postica adults. These results show that alfalfa weevil late larva is highly susceptible to Korean entomopathogenic nematodes in the laboratory.

친환경농업-오이 목화진딧물을 친환경적으로 병제

김형환,Kim, Hyeong-Hwan 전국농업기술자협회 2008 농업기술회보 Vol.45 No.4