아그로박테리움을 이용한 Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae ApxIIA (ApxII toxin) 유전자 발현 옥수수 형질전환체 개발

김현아,유한상,양문식,권석윤,김진석,최필선,Kim, Hyun-A,Yoo, Han-Sang,Yang, Moon-Sik,Kwon, Suk-Yoon,Kim, Jin-Seog,Choi, Pil-Son 한국식물생명공학회 2010 식물생명공학회지 Vol.37 No.3

To develop edible vaccines for swine, the embryogenic calli (type II) derived from HiII genotype were inoculated with A. tumefaciens strain C58C1 containing the binary vector pMYV611, 613, 616, and V621, 622 and 623 respectively. Six of those vectors carry nptII gene which confers resistance to paromomycin and apxIIA gene producing ApxII toxin which is generated in various serum types of A. pleuropneumoniae as a target gene. The 4,120 callus clones for pMYV611, 5,959 callus clones for pMYV613, 7,581 callus clones for pMYV616, 52,329 callus clones for V621, 48,948 callus clones for V622, and 56,188 callus clones for V623 were inoculated. The frequency of positive response clone was confirmed into range of 2.3% - 4.4% for each vectors by NPTII ELISA kit assay, and the selected callus clones of them were finally 3 callus clones from pMYV611 (0.07%), 4 callus clones from pMYV613 (0.07%), 2 callus clones from pMYV616 (0.03%), 51 callus clones from V621 (0.1%), 72 callus clones from V622 (0.15%), and 102 callus clones from V623 (0.18%) respectively. From the selected callus clones of each binary vector, the integration of the apxIIA gene into maize genome was detected from 2 plants of pMYV613 and 2 plants of V623 by Southern blot analysis. 돼지 흉막폐렴백신을 개발하기 위해 옥수수 HiII genotype 으로부터 유도한 type II형의 배발생캘러스를 식물발현벡터 pMYV611, pMYV613, pMYV616, V621, V622 및 V623로 형질전환시킨 Agrobacterium (C58C1)과 공동배양 하였다. 이들 식물발현벡터는 paromomycin 항생제 저항 유전자인 NPTII 선발마커와 표적 유전자로서 흉막폐렴균의 여러 가지 혈청을 생산하는 apxIIA유전자로 재조합하여 구축하였다. 식물발현벡터pMYV611, pMYV613, pMYV616, V621, V622 및V623의 경우 각각 4,120개, 5,959개, 7,581개, 52,329개, 48,948개 및 56,188개의 캘러스 클론을 Agrobacterium과 공동한 후 NPTII assay kit에 의해 nptII유전자의 발현빈도를 조사한 결과 각 벡터별로 2.3-4.4%의 캘러스 클론에서 항체결합 양성반응을 보였고, 이들 중 최종적으로 선발된 형질전환 캘러스 클론은 pMYV611에서 3개 (0.07%), pMYV613에서 4개 (0.07%), pMYV616에서 2개 (0.02%), V621에서 51개 (0.1%), V622에서 72개 (0.15%) 및 V623에서 102개 (0.18%)를 각각 얻었다. 형질전환된 캘러스 클론으로부터 재분화된 식물체에서 유전자 도입여부를 Southern 분석으로 통해 확인한 결과 pMYV613에서 2개 식물체 및 V623에서 얻은 2개 식물체에서 각각 확인되었다.

심폐소생술금지 동의 전·후 말기암환자의 연명치료 변화

김현아,박정윤,Kim, Hyun A,Park, Jeong Yun 한국호스피스완화의료학회 2017 한국호스피스.완화의료학회지 Vol.20 No.2

목적: 본 연구는 심폐소생술금지에 동의한 암환자를 대상으로 연명치료 변화를 확인하기 위해 시도된 후향적 조사연구이다. 방법: 연구대상자는 S시에 소재한 A종합병원에서 2013년 1월 1일부터 12월 31일까지 종양내과 병동에 입원치료하고 사망한 암환자로 심폐소생술금지에 동의한 250명이 선정되었으며, 이중 심폐소생술금지를 입원당일 동의하였거나(N=40) 동의 후 3일 이내 사망한(N=10) 경우는 제외하였다. 대상자의 특성과 연명치료의 변화를 의무기록을 통해 조사하였으며, 심폐소생술금지 지시 동의 전 1일과 심폐소생술금지 지시 동의 후 3일 혹은 사망시점까지 조사하여 유지, 중단, 추가로 연명의료 변화를 판정하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS Win 21.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다. 결과: 연구대상자는 총 200명으로, 50~59세 나이 군이 36.0%로 가장 많이 차지하였고 남자가 62%였다. 재원일은 15일이었고, 입원하여 10일되는 시점에서 심폐소생술금지에 동의하였다. 심폐소생술금지에 동의 후 35.7~100%에서 연명치료가 계속 유지되었다. 인공호흡기 치료는 중단되지 않고 100% 유지되었으며, 수혈(37%), 혈액검사(37.4%), 산소요법(23.5%) 순으로 추가되었다. 중단된 연명치료 중 가장 빈도가 높은 것은 수혈(13.5%)이었고, 다음으로 혈액검사(11.5%), 비경구성 영양제투여(8.5%) 순이었다. 결론: 심폐소생술 지시 동의 후에 대부분 연명치료는 계속되었고 중단되는 경우는 드물었다. 의료진과 가족들 간의 연명치료 범위에 대한 이견을 좁히고, 무의미한 연명치료 중단에 대한 결정을 합의하기 위한 적극적인 논의가 요구된다. Purpose: This study investigated changes in life-sustaining treatments in terminally ill cancer patients after consenting to a do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order. Methods: Electronic medical records were reviewed to select terminally ill cancer patients who were treated at the oncology unit of the Asan Medical Center, a tertiary hospital in South Korea and died between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2013. Results: The median (range) age of the 200 patients was 59 (22~89) years, and 62% (124 persons) were male. Among all patients, 83.5% were aware of their medical condition, and 47.0% of the patients had their DNR order signed by their spouses. The median of the patients' hospital stay was 15 days, and time from admission to DNR decision was 10 days. After signing a DNR order, 35.7~100% of the life-sustaining treatments that had been provided at the time of the DNR decision making were administered. The most commonly discontinued interventions were transfusion (13.5%), blood test (11.5%) and parenteral nutrition (8.5%). Conclusion: It is necessary to define the scope of life-sustaining treatments for DNR patients. Treatment guidelines should be established as well to secure terminal patients' death with dignity after their consent to a DNR order, thereby avoiding meaningless life-sustaining treatments and allowing administration of active terminal care interventions.

아메드 방수유출장치 삽입수술과 병합수술의 효과

김현아,박가희,박태관,온영훈,Hyun A Kim,Ka Hee Park,Tae Kwann Park,Young Hoon Ohn 대한안과학회 2014 대한안과학회지 Vol.55 No.4

Purpose: To evaluate surgical results after combined operation associated with Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation. Methods: A retrospective review was performed for 71 eyes of 67 patients who underwent combined operation associated with AGV implantation from June 2003 to August 2012. Results: Pars plana vitrectomy or phacoemulsification combined with AGV implantation were performed for 16 eyes and AGV implantation alone was performed in 55 eyes. Mean IOP (mm Hg) and the number of antigluacoma agents for both the combined and single groups showed a statistically significant decrease (combined/single; <em>p</em> = 0.008/0.000, 0.002/ 0.000). Visual acuity (log MAR) was improved, but these differences were not statistically significant (combined/single; <em>p</em> = 0.309/0.052). Conclusions: Combined vitrectomy or phacoemulsification and AGV implantation for intractable glaucoma with vitreoretinal disease or cataract is considered to be the primary procedure because of its equivalent efficacy in lowering IOP, improving visual acuity and decreasing the number of glaucoma agents. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2014;55(4):578-584

양측 선천성 누루 환자에서 누루절제술 시행 후 반복된 감염과 염증

김현아,최혜선,장선영,Hyun A Kim,Hye Sun Choi,Sun Young Jang 대한안과학회 2013 대한안과학회지 Vol.54 No.11

Purpose: To report a case of bilateral congenital lacrimal fistula that presented with repeated infection and inflammation after complete fistulectomy, which required an incision and drainage of pus from the operation site. Case summary: A 22-year-old male without any medical history presented with repeated erythematous swelling and inflammation, resulting in tenderness around the opening of congenital lacrimal fistula. The lacrimal fistula opening was located approximately 12 mm inferiorly apart from the medial canthus. The complete excision of lacrimal fistula was performed without any inter-operative events. However, 4 days postoperatively, the patient complained of discomfort and swelling, with purulent discharge from the bilateral operation site. There was no improvement although treatment with antibiotics, incision and drainage was performed. After 1 month, an additional incision and drainage was necessary due to inflammation in the left operation site. One month later, pus and purulent discharge were occurring from the right operation site, requiring an additional incision and drainage. At that time, Actinomyces israelli was identified on wound culture examination. One month later, an additional incision and drainage was performed due to repeated inflammation in the left operation site. In the present case, we hypothesized the opening site of congenital lacrimal fistula was relatively far apart from the medial canthus and played a role in atypical repeated inflammation and infection on the operation site. Conclusions: In surgical treatment of congenital lacrimal fistula, careful preoperative observation of the location of the lacrimal fistula’s opening site would be helpful in prediction of postoperative complication, such as wound infection and inflammation, as well as in educating and informing the patient. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2013;54(11):1778-1782

빠르게 진행하는 망막하 농양을 동반한 내인성 세균성 안내염

김현아,최경식,Hyun A Kim,Kyung Seek Choi 대한안과학회 2013 대한안과학회지 Vol.54 No.11

Purpose: To report a case of a rapidly progressive endogenous endophthalmitis with subretinal abscess that involved the macula and was treated with early vitrectomy. Case summary: A 42-year-old man with liver cirrhosis, hepatic cellular carcinoma and diabetes, who underwent regular fundus checkup for diabetic retinopathy presented with reduced vision, ocular pain in the left eye and headache. Indirect ophthalmoscopy showed subretinal abscess approximately five times the optic disc size and surrounding retinal hemorrhage in the nasal upper quadrant. A provisional diagnosis of bacterial endophthalmitis was made based on systemic disease and funduscopic findings. Treatment with topical and systemic empirical antibiotics was initiated along with intravitreal vancomycin and ceftazidime injection. Despite the treatment, after 24 hours the abscess size increased to approximately 10 times the optic disc size and began to involve the macula. The patient underwent diagnostic and therapeutic pars plana vitrectomy as well as vitreous and abscess content cultures. MRSA was found in a blood culture test. Five days postoperatively, the patient’s vision and symptoms improved significantly and the residual lesion was cleared, with retinal scars. Conclusions: In a patient with endogenous endophthalmitis with subretinal abscess, presence of macular invasion and rate of progression is important in determining the time and method of operation. In this case, early vitrectomy was a good choice to preserve macular structure and the patient’s visual acuity. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2013;54(11):1794-1799

중등 예비수학교사들이 수업 실연에서 제시한 동료평가 영역과 수준 분석

이경언(Lee, Kyung-eon),김현아(Kim, Hyun-a),이모란(Lee, Mo-ran) 제주대학교 교육과학연구소 2021 교육과학연구 Vol.23 No.4

본 연구는 예비수학교사들이 수업 실연에서 제시한 동료평가 영역과 수준의 특징을 분석해보고 이를 통해 예비교사들이 수학 수업을 바라보는 관점을 이해하고 우수한 수업 역량과 평가 역량을 기르기 위한 방향을 제언하는 연구이다. 이를 위해 A대학교 3학년 학생 14명이 제시한 동료평가 자료 782개를 분석하였다. 동료평가 영역은 교과내용 지식, 학습자 이해, 교수학습 방법, 학습자료, 비언어적 특성, 판서, 수업 운영의 7가지로 나누어 분석하였다. 동료평가 수준은 기술적 수준, 해석적 수준, 비판적 수준의 3가지 수준으로 나누어 분석하였다. 분석 결과 동료평가의 영역은 판서(24.68%), 교수학습 방법(19.05%), 수업 운영(16.50%), 교과내용 지식(13.43%), 비언어적 특성(10.36%), 학습자 이해(8.95%), 학습자료(7.03%)의 순으로 제시되었다. 동료평가의 수준은 기술적 수준(72.1%), 해석적 수준(25.7%), 비판적 수준(2.3%)의 순으로 제시되었다. 수업 평가 관점은 자신의 수업을 설계하고 실행하는 방향과 유사하다. 따라서 예비교사로서 수업 전문성을 키우기 위해서 특히 교과내용 지식과 학습자 이해 측면에 대한 전문성을 개발할 수 있는 지도가 이루어져야 하겠다. 또한 수업 실연 평가지는 예비교사가 수업을 분석하고 평가하는 방향을 제공하므로, 수업 전문성 신장에 도움이 될 수 있는 동료평가지의 구성에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요하다. This study analyzed the area and level of peer assessments presented by secondary pre-service mathematics teachers’classroom demonstrations. It was intended to understand how pre-service mathematics teachers view math classes and suggest educational directions to develop excellent teaching expertise. Peer assessment was analyzed by dividing them into 7 areas and 3 levels, respectively. As a result, the areas of peer assessment were presented in the order of board writing(24.7%), teaching-learning methods(19.1%), class operation(16.5%), contents knowledge(13.4%), nonverbal characteristics(10.4%), learner understanding(9.0%), and learning materials(7.0%). The levels of peer assessment were presented in the order of descriptive level(72.1%), analytic level(25.7%) and critical level(2.3%). The class assessment perspective is similar to the direction in which one plans and executes his or her class. Therefore, in order to develop excellent teaching expertise, a guidance should be provided, especially in terms of contents knowledge and learners understanding. Since the class performance assessment sheet provides a direction for pre-service teachers to analyze and evaluate classes, additional research is needed on the composition of the peer assessment sheet that can help to improve teaching expertise.

축하화환에서 폐기되는 적색 거베라 추출액을 이용한 화훼디자인용 망사잎의 염색성

박윤점 ( Yun Jum Park ),안정숙 ( Hung Suk Ah ),김현아 ( Hyun A Kim ),김현주 ( Hyun Ju Kim ),최경혜 ( Koung Hea Choi ),허북구 ( Buk Gu Heo ) 한국화예디자인학회 2008 한국화예디자인학 연구 Vol.19 No.-

This study investigated special quality of Gerbera extract and stainability of skeletonized leaves along with examination for wasted at celebration wreath gerbera(Gerbera hybrida Hort.) use as nature dye. Dyed by gerbera extracts 1.50%, as the dyeing times increase 10 to 60 minutes, color differences were significant, and color value showed contrary tendency. a* value were 5.21 to 8.39 in case of skeletonized leaves. Effect of dyeing temperature, a* value showed the maximum value 9.07 of skeletonized leaves dyed at 90℃. They showed sudden increase at the extract density of 1.50% and showed slow increase at more than 1.50% density. a* value showed the maximum value 10.05 of skeletonized leaves dyed at 2.00% liquid. Stainability that follow for pH of extraction liquid is pH 1 to 8.29 and red color decreased a little in pH 3~7, and silk fabric in pH 7 move that to green direction in pH 5 appear. Color difference and color fastness according to the kinds of mordants and timing of mordants were getting significantly increased at the processing of mordants on the whole. Skeletonized leaves dyed by iron extract were significantly increased in case of the kinds of mordants, skeletonized leaves were bigger at the pre mordants. When treat mordanting after dyeing in gerbera extraction liquid by sequence of above, I could know various tone and red color, red-yellow, yellow etc. of become color development variously and value as nature dye.

Al2(SO4)3, AlK(SO4), MgSO4 및 CuSO4의 희석액 열탕처리가 압화용 황색 카네이션 꽃잎의 변색에 미치는 영향

박윤점 ( Yun Jum Park ),안정숙 ( Hung Suk Ah ),김현아 ( Hyun A Kim ),김현주 ( Hyun Ju Kim ),최경혜 ( Koung Hea Choi ),김유진 ( Yu Jin Kim ),허북구 ( Buk Gu Heo ) 한국화예디자인학회 2008 한국화예디자인학 연구 Vol.19 No.-

This study was conducted to develop the preservation technique of materials for the pressed flower from discoloration. We have collected yellow carnation petals, and immersed that in Al2(SO4)3, AlK(SO4), MgSO4 and CuSO4 solution diluted with hot distilled water (85-90℃) by 0, 5, 10, 20 and 30% for 30 seconds. We dried and applied petals ultraviolet rays for 21 days and examined into those discoloring degree. Hunter L*, a*, b* and △E* values for that immersed in Al2(SO4)3 and MgSO4 solution diluted by 30% showed the least discoloring degree. Discoloration of carnation petals in terms of Hunter L*, a* and b* values immersed in 30% diluted AlK(SO4 ) solution, and △E* values in 5% solution had the least changes compared with that in control. Those hunter L*, a*, b* and E* values treated with 20% CuSO4 diluted solution had the smallest changes. Consequently, it was assumed that immersing the yellow carnation flowers in diluted Al2(SO4)3, AlK(SO4), MgSO4 and CuSO4 solution was a appropriate way to preserve the petals from discoloration for the pressed flower.

소아의 메타콜린 기관지유발검사에서 PC₂₀-FEF_25%-75% 및 △FVC에 대한 분석

김현아 ( Hyeon A Kim ),권정은 ( Jung Eun Kwon ),안지영 ( Ji Young Ahn ),최재영 ( Jae Young Choe ),김동섭 ( Dong Sub Kim ),박숙현 ( Sook Hyun Park ),현명철 ( Myung Chul Hyun ),최봉석 ( Bong Seok Choi ) 대한천식알레르기학회(구 대한알레르기학회) 2021 Allergy Asthma & Respiratory Disease Vol.9 No.3

Purpose: Forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% (FEF_25%-75%) is known to sensitively reflect bronchial obstruction. Methacholine challenge test (MCT) has shown varying reduction levels of forced vital capacity (FVC) with the reduction in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁) in asthma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical implication of provocative concentration causing a 20% fall in FEF_25%-75% (PC₂₀-FEF_25%-75%) and the percentage fall in FVC at the PC₂₀ dose of methacholine (△FVC). Methods: A total of 194 children who visited the hospital due to respiratory symptoms and underwent MCT were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into 3 groups. Group I had both PC₂₀-FEV₁ and PC₂₀-FEF_25%-75% above 16 mg/mL; group II had a PC₂₀-FEF_25%-75% that fell below 16 mg/mL but PC₂₀-FEV₁ was 16 mg/mL or above; group III had a PC₂₀-FEV₁ and a PC₂₀-FEF_25%-75% that both fell below 16 mg/mL. Results: In group II, PC₂₀-FEV₁ was lower (P=0.026) and the rate of change in FEV₁ and FEF_25%-75% from baseline to 16 mg/mL of methacholine concentration was greater than in group I (both P<0.001). Levels of PC₂₀-FEF_25%-75% were higher in group II compared to group III (P<0.001). △FVC showed a correlation with PC₂₀-FEV₁ (P<0.001) only in the whole group. Conclusion: In asthmatic children, PC₂₀-FEF_25%-75% may be associated with bronchial hyperresponsiveness. △FVC was not associated with other parameters in either group. For subjects with a positive finding of PC₂₀-FEF_25%-75% and a negative finding of MCT, the progression to asthma can be suspected. (Allergy Asthma Respir Dis 2021;9:141-147)

연속 혈당 측정 데이터를 이용한 딥러닝 기반 저혈당 예측 모델

김현아(Hyun-A Kim),문지은(Ji-Eun Moon),윤영석(Yeong-Seok Yun),이현지(Hyeon-Ji Lee),장혜원(Hye-Won Jang),이혁준(Hyuk-Jun Lee),엄태현(Tae-Hyeon Um),이재선(Jae-Seon Lee),이승천(Seung-Chun Lee) 한국정보과학회 2021 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2021 No.6