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전복(Haliotis discus hannai) 추출물의 혈압강하, 항산화능 및 항혈전능에 대한 in vitro 효과
김학렬(Hag-Lyeol Kim),강성국(Seong-Gook Kang),김인철(In-Chul Kim),김선재(Seon-Jae Kim),김두운(Du-woon Kim),마승진(Seung-Jin Ma),고천성(Tiancheng Gao),이화(Hua Li),김민정(Min-Jung Kim),이태훈(Tae-Hoon Lee),함경식(Kyung-Sik Ham) 한국식품영양과학회 2006 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.35 No.7
본 연구에서는 전복육질과 내장의 추출방법에 따른 추출물의 혈압강하, 항산화, 항혈전 효과에 대한 in vitro 효과를 구명하고자 하였다. 전복육질(abalone body)과 내장(visceral portion)의 80% ethanol 추출물은 ACE(angiotensin converting enzyme)활성에 대해 높은 억제효과를 나타내었으며, 전복육질 추출물의 경우 농도의 증가에 따라 증가되는 경향을 나타내었다. 그러나 내장추출물은 농도증가에 따라 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 수용성추출물의 ACE활성 억제효과는 농도별에 따라 증가되는 경향을 나타내었으며, 육질과 내장 간에 큰 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 아질산염 소거활성으로 평가한 항산화 효과는 80% ethanol 추출물의 경우, 전복육질에서 농도증가에 따라 증가된 수준을 나타내었으나 그 수치는 낮은 값을 나타내었다. 내장의 경우, 낮은 농도에서는 육질과 비슷한 수준을 유지하였으나 농도가 증가함에 따라 높은 항산화활성을 나타내었다. 수용성추출물의 항산화효과는 농도증가에 따라 증가된 수준을 나타내었으나 육질과 내장에 큰 차이는 보이지 않았다. 항혈전 효과는 80% ethanol 추출물에서 육질의 prothrombin time이상대적으로 내장의 prothrombin time보다 높게 나타났다. 수용성추출물의 경우, 항혈전 효과가 거의 없었으며, 전복의육질이나 내장에 따른 특별한 차이점 또한 없는 것으로 나타났다. 수용성추출물을 48시간 냉장온도에서 저장한 후의 전복육질과 내장의 ACE 활성에 대한 억제효과는 육질과 내장간에 큰 차이가 있었으나 0 time의 값과 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 항산화 효과는 육질과 내장의 경우 농도증가에 따라 직선적인 증가경향을 나타내었으나, 육질에 비해 내장에서 높은 항산화능이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 전복육질과 내장의 prothrombin time은 큰 차이가 없었으며, activated partial thromboplastin time 또한 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to examine the in vitro effects of body and visceral portion of Haliotis discus hannai on angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity and antioxidant and anticoagulant capacity. Extracts from both abalone body and visceral portion using 80% ethanol showed a high ACE?inhibitory effect. While ACE-inhibitory effect of extracts of the body part was dose?dependent, visceral extracts did not show any difference by the level of concentration. ACE?inhibitory effect of the visceral portion was much higher than that of the body. Antioxidant capacity was increased with increasing concentration of 80% ethanol body extracts although the capacity was low. The 80% ethanol visceral extracts showed a similar level of antioxidant capacity to the body extract in low concentration. Water extracts showed a dose-dependent increase in the activity. There was no significant difference in the antioxidant activity between the body and the visceral part. Anticoagulant capacity of 80% ethanol extracts, which was measured using prothrombin time (PT), was higher in the body part than the visceral part. Water extracts of Haliotis discus showed no any significant effect on anticoagulant capacity. The in vitro effects were also examined after Haliotis discus was refrigerated for 48 hours. Higher ACE-inhibitory effect was observed for the visceral portion than the body, in particular, before the sample was refrigerated. Antioxidant effect of Haliotis discus increased with increasing level of the sample before it was refrigerated. However, there was a significant difference between the body and the visceral part, which showed significantly higher capacity. There was no significant difference between the body and visceral part in PT regardless of refrigeration. While activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) showed no significant difference between body and visceral part, there was a significant difference in the capacity between before and after the refrigeration, which showed much lower coagulant capacity.
비만과 정상체중 여성들의 체지방율 감량을 위한 규칙적인 저주파치료기(Slim line)처치에 대한 효과(2)
김학렬(Kim Hag Lyeol),안용준(An Yong Jun),손연희(Son Yeon Hui),박성률(Park Seong Lyul),최옥경(Choe Og Gyeong),김영란(Kim Yeong Lan) 한국사회체육학회 2003 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.20 No.2
The purpose of this study was examine the effect of body fat reduction and body composition through regular SLIM LINE treatment in 30-40 old years obesity and non-obesity women. The results and conclusion of this paper obtained as follows. 1-1. In the SLIM LINE treatment during four month of obesity group, %fat was shown a gradually decreased levels follows time course compared to baseline levels, It was proved a significantly decreased levels(p〈.05) after 4 month treatment during bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA). 1-2. In the SLIM LINE treatment during four month of obesity group, body density was significantly increased(p〈.05), but %body fat was shown a significantly decreased(p〈.05) during skinfold caliper technique(SCT). 1-3. In the SLIM LINE treatment during four month of obesity group, %body fat was shown a gradually decreased levels. that is, pre vs. after 3 mo and 4 mo(p<.001, respectively); after 1 mo vs. after 4 mo(p<.001). As this results, it was proved a same effect(pre vs. after 3 mo and 4 mo(p<.001, respectively); after 1 mo vs. after 4 mo(p<.001)) in fat mass(FM) during slim line measurement(SLM) 2. The SLIM LINE treatment during 4 month of non-obesity group was not significant difference in the body composition variables which is estimated by BIA, SCT and SLM. 3. In the SLIM LINE treatment during four month of obesity group, 7 site skinfold thickness was shown a statistically significant difference in abdomen(pre vs. after 4 mo, p<.05), suprailiac(pre vs. after 4 mo, p<.05), chest(pre vs. 4 mo, p<.05) and mid-axillary(pre vs. after 2 mo, 3mo and 4mo, p<.001, respectively). As this result, sum of 7 site skinfold thickness was significantly decreased(pre vs. 4 mo, p<.05). However, no significant difference in triceps, sub-scapular and thigh skinfold thickness. 4. In the SLIM LINE treatment during four month of non-obesity group, 7 site skinfold thickness was shown a statistically significant difference in abdomen(pre vs. after 4 mo, p<.01), and mid-axillary(pre vs. after 3mo and 4mo, p<.05, respectively). As this result, sum of 7 site skinfold thickness was significantly decreased(pre vs. after 3 mo and 4 mo, p<.01, respectively). However, no significant difference in suprailiac, chest, triceps, sub-scapular and thigh skinfold thickness. 5. In the SLIM LINE treatment during four month of obesity group, the changes of body composition by every 1 weeks interval was shown a significantly decreased levels in %body fat(pre vs. after 12wk, 13wk, 14wk, 15wk, and 16wk, p<.01, respectively) and fat mass(pre vs. after 13wk, 14wk, 15wk, and 16wk; after 1wk vs. 13wk, 14wk, 15wk and 16wk, p<.05, respectively). However, no significant difference in body weight and fat free mass. 6. In the SLIM LINE treatment during four month of non-obesity group, the changes of body composition by every 1 weeks interval was not shown statistically significant difference. As this results, It is suggest that regular SLIM LINE treatment is positive effect more obesity women than non-obesity women
전국 염전에서 생산된 갯벌천일염, 함수 및 해수의 중금속 함량 평가
김학렬(Hag-Lyeol Kim),유영주(Young-Joo Yoo),이인선(In-Sun Lee),고강희(Gang-Hee Ko),김인철(In-Cheol Kim) 한국식품영양과학회 2012 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.41 No.7
전국 염전에서 생산된 갯벌천일염의 수분함량과 함수 및 염전 저수지 해수에 포함된 중금속(수은, 납, 카드뮴, 비소, 구리) 함량을 평가하였으며, 생산지역에 따른 갯벌천일염의 중금속 함량 차이를 비교 분석하였다. 갯벌천일염의 수분함량은 7.357%에서 14.862% 범위였으며, 중금속 함량은 생산지역에 따라 차이가 있었으나, 비소함량은 0.007 ppm에서 0.497 ppm 수준으로 기준치를 초과한 함량은 검출되지 않았으며, 카드뮴은 불검출에서부터 0.101 ppm, 납은 불검출에서부터 0.191 ppm, 수은은 0.006 ppb에서 0.180 ppb 수준으로 기준치를 초과한 시료는 검출되지 않았다. 천일염의 구리함량은 0.039 ppm 수준에서 4.794 ppm 수준의 범위를 나타내었으며, 지역에 따라 다소 높은 수준의 함량이 검출되었다. 염전 저수지 해수에 포함되어 있는 비소함량은 불검출에서 0.474 ppm 수준이었으며, 카드뮴은 불검출에서 0.009 ppm, 납은 0.005 ppm에서 0.038 ppm, 수은은 불검출에서 0.018 ppb, 구리함량은 0.267 ppm 수준에서 3.184 ppm 수준의 범위였다. 전국 염전 함수에 대한 비소함량은 0.012 ppm에서 0.914 ppm, 카드뮴은 불검출에서 0.021 ppm, 납은 0.010 ppm에서 0.094 ppm 수준의 범위였으며, 수은은 불검출에서 0.0221 ppb, 구리함량은 0.372 ppm 수준에서 3.275 ppm 수준을 나타내었으며, 모든 시료에서 기준치를 초과한 함량은 검출되지 않았다. 이상과 같은 결과로부터 전국 염전에서 생산된 천일염, 함수 및 해수에 포함된 중금속 함량은 안전한 수준인 것으로 판단되지만 염전 결정지 바닥재로 사용하고 있는 PVC의 잠재적인 위해성을 감안한다면 이에 대한 지속적인 관리가 절실히 요청된다. This study was conducted to evaluate the heavy metal contents of mudflat solar salt, salt water, and sea water produced in the nationwide salt pan. In mudflat solar salt, moisture contents were significantly different (p<0.001) between regions, ranging from 7.357% to 14.862%. Arsenic (As) content ranged from 0.007 ppm to 0.497 ppm, cadmium (Cd) from 0.000 ppm to 0.101 ppm, plumbum (Pb) from 0.000 ppm to 0.191 ppm, hydrargyrum (Hg) from 0.006 ppb to 0.180 ppb, and copper (Cu) from 0.039 ppm to 4.794 ppm between regions, which were significantly different (p<0.001). Further, As, Cd, Pb, and Hg contents of sea and salt water were not in excess of their criterion points. Our results suggest that heavy metal contents of mudflat solar salt, salt water, and sea water produced in the nationwide salt pan were at safe levels. However, continuous management of heavy metal contamination, such as PVC met, is still necessary.