우리시대 사진의 상황 : Untitled ( 김지연 )

김지연 현대사진영상학회 1998 우리시대 사진의 상황 Vol.- No.-

[ZOOM IN 김지연] 작가 초상_소설의 값

김지연 (주)문학동네 2023 문학동네 Vol.30 No.4

United States

김지연 서울市立大學校 經商大學 稅務學科 2001 稅務學論集 Vol.14 No.2

아동의 직업에 대한 성별 고정관념

김지연 成均館大學校 家政大學 家庭管理學科 1988 家庭管理硏究 Vol.7 No.-

Thermal Property Measurement of Swine Atrium

김지연,Oh, Jung-Hwan,Kim, Jee-Hyun 대한의용생체공학회 2008 의공학회지 Vol.29 No.5

Thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity were measured in the atrium of a swine heart. Radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation in an atrium has rapidly emerged at the treatment of symptomatic reentrant arrhythmia associated with accessory pathway or Atrioventricular (AV) node conduction. The thermal properties of an atrium are definitely necessary for these treatments because, in thermal treatments, conductivity and diffusivity are significant factors in the relationship between the applied RF power and the resulting atrium temperature rise. Thermal properties were measured using a self-heated thermistor probe. Thermistor probes were inserted into the tissue of interest and were used to supply heat within the tissue as well as to monitor the temperature rise in the tissue. The measurements were performed at temperatures of 25, 37, $50^{\circ}C$. Atrium thermal conductivity ranged from 5.17$\pm$0.12 mW/cm$^{\circ}C$ at $25^{\circ}C$ to 5.33$\pm$0.08 mW/cm$^{\circ}C$ at $37^{\circ}C$. Atrium thermal diffusivity ranged from 0.00132$\pm$0.00007$cm^2$/sec at $25^{\circ}C$ to 0.00138$\pm$0.00003 $cm^2$/sec at $50^{\circ}C$. This paper also present the thermal property comparison of both chambers of a heart (ventricle and atria).

SDR(Software Defined Radio)

김지연,김진업 한국정보통신기술협회 2002 TTA저널 Vol.82 No.-

한국판 노인차별주의 척도의 타당화: 대학생 표본을 대상으로

김지연,김민희,민경환 한국사회및성격심리학회 2012 한국심리학회지 사회 및 성격 Vol.26 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 Fraboni, Saltstone과 Hughes(1990)가 개발한 노인차별주의 척도인 FSA(Fraboni scale of ageism)의 한국판 타당화를 실시하는 것이다. 이를 위해 대학생 336명으로 구성된 표본 A와 대학생 192명으로 구성된 표본 B를 대상으로 탐색적 요인분석과 확인적 요인분석을 실시하였다. 먼저, 표본 A를 대상으로 한 탐색적 요인분석 과정에서 내적합치도, 요인부하량, 문항내용을 고려하여 부적절한 문항 11개를 삭제하였고, 최종적으로 정서적 회피, 차별, 고정관념의 3요인으로 구성된 18문항의 한국판 FSA척도를 완성하였다. 척도의 전체 및 하위요인의 내적합치도와 검사-재검사 신뢰도는 적절한 수준으로 나타났다. 또한 표본 B를 대상으로 한 확인적 요인분석 결과, 탐색적 요인분석에서 발견한 3요인 모형이 대안 모형보다 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 구성타당도, 변별타당도 및 예언타당도를 확인하기 위해 표본 A를 대상으로 관련 변인들과의 상관을 확인한 결과 FSA는 노인에 대한 태도, 부정적 노인차별행동과 정적상관을, 노화에 대한 지식, 노인과의 접촉 빈도 및 질, 긍정적 노인차별행동과 부적상관을 보였으며, 사회적 바람직성과는 유의미한 상관을 보이지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 한국판 노인차별주의 척도가 노인차별주의를 측정하는 신뢰롭고 타당한 도구임을 의미한다. The present research is aimed at validation of the Korean version of Fraboni scale of ageism which was developed by Fraboni, Saltstone and Hughes(1990). To do so exploratory factor analysis with sample A and confirmatory factor analysis with sample B was conducted. As a result of exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, it appeared that three factor structure consisting of Affective avoidance,Discrimination, and Stereotype. This result supported the theoretical model of ageism which emphasize multi-factor nature of affective component, cognitive component, and behavior component. Total items and subscales of the Korean version FSA has proper internal consistency and test-retest reliability. It was proved that the new three factor structure has better fit index than other structures. And it was positively correlated with attitude toward the elderly and negative ageist behaviour, negatively correlated with knowledge of aging,frequency and quality of contact with the elderly, and positive ageist behaviour, and not correlated with social desirable responses. These results suggest that Korean version of the FSA is reliable and valid instrument to measure ageism.

능동 지연행동 척도 타당화 연구

김지연,신희천 한국상담학회 2013 상담학연구 Vol.14 No.3

본 연구는 Choi와 Moran(2009)가 개발한 능동 지연행동 척도(Active Procrastination Scale)를 번안하고, 국내 대학생들을 대상으로 신뢰도와 타당도를 검증하여 척도의 심리 측정적 적절성을 검토하고자 하였다. 능동 지연행동 척도는 일반 성인의 지연행동을 측정하기 위한 검사로서, 총 16문항으로 구성되어 있다. 본 연구는 경기도에 재학중인 대학생 총 229명을 대상으로 요인구조를 분석하고, 202명을 대상으로 수렴 및 변별타당도, 준거관련타당도를 평가하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 능동 지연행동 척도는 원판과 유사하게 4요인이 전체 변량의 65.82%를 설명하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 본 척도의 신뢰도 계수는 .82로 만족할만한 신뢰도를 나타냈다. 셋째, 능동 지연행동 척도와 수동 지연행동 척도와의 상관을 살펴본 결과, 적절한 수렴 및 변별타당도가 입증되었다. 넷째, 능동 지연행동 척도와 자기효능감, 긍정/부정정서, 우울과의 상관을 살펴봄으로써 준거관련 타당도를 입증하였다. 끝으로, 본 연구의 의의와 제한점, 그리고 후속 연구에 대한 방향에 대해 논의하였다. The purpose of this study was to test the validity and reliability of the Korean version of Active Procrastination Scale(APS), which was developed by Choi & Moran(2009). APS was translated into Korean and was validated to measure general adult procrastination, which is composed of 16 items. Subjects of this study were a total of 431 students in grades 1-4 at universities in Gyeonggi. Results of factor analysis showed that 4 factor accounted for 65.82% of the total variance. The result of correlation between APS and Passive Procrastination Scale(GP, AIP, DP) was demonstrated to be Convergent with Discriminant Validity. Moreover, APS predicted high level of self-efficacy, positive affect, neuroticism, satisfaction with life, thus demonstrating Criterion Related Validity. The internal constancy was .82 for total score, which is generally accepted as satisfactory. Finally, implications and limitations of the study, and directions for future research were considered.

Comparative Analysis of 3 Types of Minimally Invasive Posterior Cervical Foraminotomy for Foraminal Stenosis, Uniportal-, Biportal Endoscopy, and Microsurgery: Radiologic and Midterm Clinical Outcomes

김지연,홍현진,이동찬,김태현,황진섭,박춘근 대한척추신경외과학회 2022 Neurospine Vol.19 No.1

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and radiologic outcomes of 3 types of minimally invasive posterior cervical foraminotomy (PCF): uniportal endoscopic surgery, biportal endoscopic surgery, and microsurgery. Methods: Between January 2019 to January 2020, PCF was performed using 3 different approaches to treat foraminal stenosis. The foraminal expansion rate, facet resection rate, and surgical foraminal approach angle were measured using magnetic resonance imaging. Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for neck and arm pain, neck disability index (NDI), MacNab criteria, operation time, hospital stay, and complications were assessed. Clinical and radiologic parameters were compared among the 3 surgical groups. Results: There were 38, 30, and 50 patients in the uniportal endoscopy, biportal endoscopy, and microscopy groups, respectively. Microscopy group displayed significantly higher foraminal expansion compared to uniportal endoscopy group (p = 0.001). Facet resection rates and inclination angle for facet joint undercutting were significantly different among the 3 groups. Uniportal endoscopy group had the highest inclination angle and the least facet resection. On the 6 months and final follow-up, VAS scores and NDI were significantly lower in the uniportal endoscopy group than in the microscopy group (p = 0.000). Conclusion: All 3 types of PCF displayed favorable clinical outcomes and sufficient expansion of the midforaminal area. Two endoscopy groups showed a significantly higher inclination angle for undercutting the facet joint and a lower facet resection rate than the microscopy group. Reduced facet joint resection using an inclinatory approach did not interfere with sufficient foraminal expansion and enhanced the clinical result after 6 months of follow-up.

Comparative Analysis With Modified Inclined Technique for Posterior Endoscopic Cervical Foraminotomy in Treating Cervical Osseous Foraminal Stenosis: Radiological and Midterm Clinical Outcomes

김지연,허동화,이동찬,김태현,박춘근 대한척추신경외과학회 2022 Neurospine Vol.19 No.3

Objective: We compared the midterm clinical and radiological outcomes between 2 types of full endoscopic posterior cervical foraminotomy, including conventional posterior endoscopic cervical foraminotomy (PECF) and modified inclined technique for PECF. Methods: One of the 2 types of PECF surgery was performed for defined cervical foraminal stenosis. The foraminal expansion ratio and facet resection rate and foraminal stenosis grade were measured using magnetic resonance imaging. Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for neck and arm pain, neck disability index, MacNab criteria, operation time, hospital stay, and complications, including postoperative dysesthesia, were assessed. Clinical and radiological parameters were compared between the 2 surgical groups. Results: There were 49 and 46 patients in the PECF and modified-PECF groups, respectively. The modified-PECF group showed significantly higher expansion of distal foraminal diameter and foraminal height, and a lower facet resection rate compared to PECF group (in all, p < 0.001). The modified-PECF group displayed significantly lower VAS score for neck pain at 1 day and 1 week after surgery and lower arm pain VAS score after 6-month follow-up (p = 0.002, p = 0.001, p = 0.002, respectively). Conclusion: Compared with the PECF, the modified inclined technique has radiologic benefits, including enhanced facet joint preservation, restoration of the natural course of nerve roots, and prevention of restenosis by expanding the superior articular process base, especially in grade 2 foraminal stenosis. Furthermore, the modified inclined technique significantly improved the postoperative VAS score for neck pain within the 1-week follow-up and that of arm pain after 6-month follow-up.