해방기 박영종의 동요·동시 작법론 연구 ―박영종의 동요집과 평론을 중심으로―

김종헌 ( Kim Jong-heon ) 고려대학교 민족문화연구원 2023 民族文化硏究 Vol.98 No.-

이 글은 해방기에 박영종이 발표한 동요집과 평론, 해설을 견주어 읽음으로써 그의 동요관을 살피는 것이 목적이다. 해방기에 발행한 『박영종 동시집』, 『초록별』, 『현대 동요선』 등에 발표한 그의 작품과 여러 잡지에 발표한 해설과 선평 등을 확인한 결과 그는 무리하게 글자 수를 맞춰 넣는 것은 부정하면서 ‘자연스런 리듬’을 강조하였다. 즉 음수의 정형은 부정하고 음보율은 그대로 수용하였다. 한편 이들 자료에서 박영종의 동요관과 창작의 태도도 확인할 수 있다. 그 대강의 요지는 동요가 어린이 노래의 연장이고 따라서 동요에 사용되는 언어는 율동적인 리듬을 살려내야 한다는 것이다. 즉 그는 동요를 대상에 대한 글쓴이(작가)의 느낌을 전달하는 매체 기능으로 보았다. 이런 인식은 근대의 표상인 개인의 정서를 드러내는 동시로 나아가는데 한계로 다가왔다. 실제로 그의 동요는 놀이와 풍습을 시적 대상으로 하여 어린이의 귀여움과 추상적인 집단 정서가 드러난 작품이 많았다. 이러한 그의 동요관에 변화가 나타난 것은 1949년 평론 「童謠 敎材論」이다. 여기서 박영종은 동요과 동시 그리고 아동작품을 구분한다. 이상을 요약하면 리듬은 동요의 재미를 만드는 수단이고, 내면의 서정은 동시의 근간이라는 논리이다. 이런 그의 인식 때문에 그는 동요와 시를 넘나들면서 요적인 동시를 창작하였다. 따라서 박영종이 1937년에 동시로 넘어오는 전기를 마련하였다는 이재철의 평가는 수정되어야 한다. The purpose of this article is to examine Park Young-jong's view of children’s songs by comparing them with his collections of children's songs and commentary published during the liberation period. As a result of checking his works published in Park Young-jong’s children’s poem (박영종 동시집), Green Byul (초록별), and Anthology of Modern Children’s Song (현대 동요선) published during the liberation period. And his commentary and articles published in various magazines showed that he agonized over the rhythm of creative children’s songs, which deviated from the stereotype of folk songs. It emphasized ‘natural rhythm’ while denying the forced number of characters. Another material that can examine Park Young-jong’s children’s song view was his children’s song and poem commentary after liberation. In these reviews, Park Young-jong showed a similar view of children’s songs. The point is that the children’s song is an extension of a song sung by children, and therefore the language used in the children’s song should revive the rhythmic rhythm. In other words, children’s songs were viewed as a media function that simply conveys the artist’s emotions. Came to a limit in children’s poem revealing the emotions of an individual, a representation of modern times, and for a while, his works revealed children’s cuteness and abstract collective emotions with play and customs as poetic objects. It was in 1949 that his view of children’s songs changed. Here, Park Young-jong distinguishes children’s songs from children’s works. In summary, Park Young-jong was a means of making fun in children’s songs and a means of revealing inner emotions in poetry. Because of his perception, he was able to create an children’s poem by crossing children’s songs and poems. Therefore, the assessment that Park Young-jong switched to free verse rhythm in 1937 should be revised.

(Ag-10% Ni)/Cu 접점재의 냉간압연접합

김종헌(Jong-Heon Kim),김성일(Sung-Il Kim),박상용(Sang-Yong Park),유연철(Yeon-Chul Yoo) 한국소성·가공학회 1997 소성가공 : 한국소성가공학회지 Vol.6 No.2

안채, 사랑채의 재해석을 통한 직주통합형(職住統合型) 주거(住居) 유형(類型) 개발(開發)에 관한 연구(硏究)

김종헌,Kim, Jong-Heon 한국건축역사학회 2002 건축역사연구 Vol.11 No.1

Until now, we have a great progress in computer hardwares and computer softwares. Many people think these days as the information time or information society. Even though, we make a great progress in the computer science, we can not regard this society as the information society, if we do not accept the development of computer in our real life. In order to provide desirable residential environment for the information - society, it is necessary to review previous housing projects from the Industrial - Revolution to these days. Thus this study deals with limits of modern housings. This research also suggests a new housing concept for the information - society by reinterpretation of the Korean traditional houses. Use of space in the Korean traditional houses was mostly interpreted by the concept of sexual discrimination from Confucianism. However it is suggested in this study, that An-Chae is a home space for providing privacy of family and Sarang - Chae is a social space for providing social activity. Thus it is found that the Korean traditional house has been used as office as well as home. In this view, it is suggested that Korean traditional houses be the prototype of future house as a business space and also as a home space. In this study, 3 types of housing for the information - society are suggested; flat type, tower type and skip floor type. these houses have two entrances independently for the home space and the social space. Therefore each space has no interference with each other. Then one can do his own at home efficiently. He does not have to go to his office in downtown. One can relieve traffic congestions in the city and reduce air contamination.

사할린전투에 관한 일고(一考)

김종헌(Kim Jong-heon) 국방부 군사편찬연구소 2015 군사 Vol.- No.97

The purpose of this article is to search for examination of military and political meaning and lessons learned of Sakhalin battle, comparatively small scale battle in military perspective. In order to achieve these objectives of the article, this article focuses on the analysis of the battle preparation of Russian Empire to Sakhalin battle. This analysis is a synonym with causes of the Russian defeat in this battle, because we can get various lessons. in the process of identifying the cause of russian defeat. Sakhalin battle is a vivid example that clearly shows us military lessons needed for the victory. The following things are such as these; competent commanding group, well-trained troops qualified the capability for the Execution of operations, well-informed about natural and man-made features on the battlefield, tactics suitable for weapons and battlefield, possession of proper military force, careful preparation for war and etc. Political meaning of Sakhalin battle is huge. There were no victorious nation and also no defeated nation in Sakhalin battle. But Russia had gotten images of the defeated state by cession of her own territory to Japan. And it took 40 years to recover the ceded territory. Republic of Korea is a peninsular state but actually is a kind of island state because of confrontation with North Korea. We have no space for retreat. So Sakhalin battle is important researching subject for the construction of strategic defence program.

CARBONIFEROUS (MOSCOVIAN) PLANTS FROM THE MANHANG FORMATION, SAMCHEOG COAL-FIELD, GANGWEON-DO, KOREA

JONG HEON KIM(金鍾憲) 한국고생물학회 1989 고생물학회지 Vol.5 No.2

THREE NEW EQUISETITES SPECIES FOUND FROM THE UPPER TRIASSIC AMISAN FORMATION, NAMPO GROUP, KOREA

JONG HEON KIM(金鍾憲) 한국고생물학회 1990 고생물학회지 Vol.6 No.1

알루미나/니켈크롬강 접합체의 미세조직 및 접합강도에 미치는 Ag-Cu-Zr-X 브레이징 합금성분의 영향

김종헌(Jong-Heon Kim),유연철(Yeon-Chul Yoo) 한국소성·가공학회 1998 소성가공 : 한국소성가공학회지 Vol.7 No.5

에너지 절약을 위한 지하철 마일리지 적립 시스템 구현

김종헌(Jong-Heon Kim),권구락(Goo-Rak Kwon) 한국정보기술학회 2013 한국정보기술학회논문지 Vol.11 No.7

Nowadays, most people have been using subway system as a public transportation. In these subway environment, escalator provides convenience to customers but wastes many electric power. This wasted power can be conserved at this time that an electric power shortage has been occurring as a big problem. For this purpose, we developed subway mileage accumulating system that getting people to use stairs instead of a escalator by accumulating some mileage to people using stair instead of escalator. In this paper, we proposed subway mileage accumulating system getting people to use stair by adding mileage accumulating function using RFID and NFC into existing subway system. With this proposed system, electric power consumed by using escalator can be conserved, national health can be promoted by using stairs and transportation costs can be conserved by using mileage.

알루미나/Ag-Cu-Zr-Sn 브레이징 합금계면의 미세조직

김종헌(Jong-Heon Kim),유연철(Yeon-Chul Yoo) 한국소성·가공학회 1998 소성가공 : 한국소성가공학회지 Vol.7 No.5

슬관절 전치환술에서 외측 슬개지대 이완술의 시행 기준 -관절막 단일봉합 기준에 의한-

김종헌 ( Jong Heon Kim ),최충혁 ( Choong Hyeok Choi ),구민회 ( Min Hoi Koo ),최완선 ( Wan Sun Choi ) 대한슬관절학회 2008 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.20 No.2

목적: 슬개골의 적정궤도를 유지하면서도 외측 슬개지대 이완술의 빈도를 낮출 수 있는 이완술 시행기준을 제시하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 양측 슬관절 전치환술을 시행한 환자 중, 일측은 지혈대 압력하에서 슬개골이 부정궤적을 보였으나 지혈대 압력 제거하에서 양호한 슬개골 궤적을 보여 이완술을 시행하지 않았고, 반대측은 지혈대 압력하 및 압력 제거하 모두에서 슬개골이 부정궤적을 보였으나 지혈대 압력 제거하 관절막에 단일봉합 후 슬개골 궤적이 개선되어 이완술을 시행하지 않았던 17명 환자의 술 후 1년째 슬개골 축면 방사선 사진상의 외측 슬개골 경사각을 계측하여 비교하였다. 또한 같은 기간 내에 일차 슬관절 전치환술이 시행된 환자에서 단계적 기준에 의한 외측 슬개지대 이완술의 빈도를 산출하여 비교하였다. 결과: 술 후 1년의 축면 방사선 사진상 외측 슬개골 경사각은 지혈대 압력 제거하에서 슬개골 궤적이 개선된 경우는 평균 3.4±3.7°(평균±표준편차)였으며, 단일 봉합 후 슬개골 궤적이 개선됨을 확인한 경우는 평균 4.6±5.0°로 차이를 보이지 않았다(p=0.337). 같은 기간 동안 시행된 225예의 일차 슬관절 전치환술에 대한 분석결과, 외측 슬개지대 이완술이 필요하지 않았던 경우는 1) 지혈대 압력하 및 제거하에서 모두 양호한 슬개골 궤적을 보였던 19%, 2) 지혈대 압력하에서는 슬개골 부정궤적을 보였으나 압력제거하에서 슬개골 궤적이 개선된 58%, 3) 지혈대 압력하 및 제거하에서 모두 슬개골 부정궤적을 보였으나 지혈대 압력 제거하 관절막 단일 봉합 후 슬개골 궤적이 개선된 21%였다. 결과적으로, 지혈대 압력제거하 관절막 단일 봉합 후의 기준에 의거하여 외측 슬개지대 이완술이 필요한 경우는 단지 2%였다. 결론: 슬관절 전치환술 시 지혈대 압력을 제거한 후 관절막 단일 봉합한 상태에서 슬개골 궤적을 평가하여 외측 슬개지대 이완술 시행의 필요 여부를 결정하는 것이 술 후 슬개골 적정궤적을 유지하면서도 슬개지대 이완술 시행 빈도를 2% 정도로 낮출 수 있는 효과적인 기준으로 판단된다. Purpose: This study was performed to determine new criteria for performing lateral retinacular release (LRR) without having a detrimental effect on patellar tracking. Materials and Methods: For 17 patients who underwent bilateral TKAs, LRR was not performed at one side (A) due to improvement of patellar tracking after deflation of tourniquet although maltracking existed with the inflation of tourniquet. At the other side (B), LRR was not performed either because patellar tracking improved with one stich method although maltracking existed regardless of tourniquet status. We measured the lateral patellar tilt angle (LPTA) of each side inthose 17 patients after 1 year after TKAs and compared them. We also surveyed the incidence of LRR in 225 primary TKAs with the staged method of patellar tracking evaluation during the same period. Results: The average LPTA was 3.4° at side (A) and 4.6° at side (B) respectively. There was no significant difference in LPTA between side (A) and side (B) (p=0.337). From the survey for incidence of LRR in 225 primary TKAs during the same period, LRR was not required in 19% of patients showing good patellar tracking with inflation of tourniquet, 58% of patients showing improved patellar tracking after deflation of tourniquet and 21% of patients showing improved patellar tracking by one stitch method regardless of tourniquet status. Consequently, only 2% of patients required LRR in primary TKA. Conclusion: One stitch method under the deflation of tourniquet in evaluating process of patellar tracking during primary TKAs is supposed to be very effective and to reduce the incidence of LRR to only 2% without influencing the LPTA.