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      • KCI등재
      • SCOPUSKCI등재

        Optical Loupe와 현미경을 이용한 단층정관정관문합술의 비교

        김종구,조인래,박석산,최희석,Kim, Jong-Gu,Cho, In-Rae,Park, Seok-San,Choi, Hee-Seok 대한생식의학회 2000 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.27 No.1

        Objective: The objective of this study was to compare results of the macroscopic one-layer vasovasostomy with those of microscopic one-layer vasovasostomy and to analyze the change of semen parameters according to the interval of vasal obstruction. Method and Materials: Between March 1987 and December 1997, we performed 121 vasovasostomies using modified one-layer technique with loupe magnification (macroscopic vasovasostomy) or microscope. Among the 68 could be followed post-operatively, 37 patients were treated by macroscopic technique with loupe, and 31 patients by microscopic technique. We compared rates of anatomical patency (sperm count above than $10{\times}10^{6}$/ml) and pregnancy of macroscopic vasovasotomy with those of microscopic vasovasostomy. Patency and pregnancy rates according to vasal obstructive interval were also examined. Results: The patency rates of macroscopic and microscopic technique were 86.5% and 87.1%, and pregnancy rates of macroscopic and microscopic technique were 64.9% and 67.7%. There was no statistical significance between these two methods (p>0.05). The pregnancy rates and sperm motility were decreased if more than 10 years had elapsed following vasectomy (p<0.05). Conclusion: We found little difference in success rates resulting from macroscopic and microscopic vasovasostomy and the former had the advantage of reduced cost and a lower operator skill level. In post-operative semen analysis, the sperm motility was the most probable factor associated with vasal obstructive interval.

      • KCI등재
      • KCI등재

        히트 싱크용 클래드메탈에서 두께 방향의 열전도 특성에 미치는 계면의 영향

        김종구,김동용,김현,한병동,조영래,Kim, Jong-Gu,Kim, Dong-Yong,Kim, Hyun,Hahn, Byung-Dong,Cho, Young-Rae 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2015 마이크로전자 및 패키징학회지 Vol.22 No.3

        히트 싱크용 소재에 응용할 목적으로 단층금속과 2층금속 클래드메탈에 대해 열전도 특성에 대한 연구를 하였다. 단층시편으로는 스테인리스강과 알루미늄을 선택하였으며, 2층 금속으로는 스테인리스강과 알루미늄을 압연해서 제조한 클래드메탈을 사용하였다. 열전도도는 섬광법으로 측정한 열확산계수와 비열 및 밀도를 사용해 얻었다. 실험을 통해 얻은 측정값을 참고문헌에 보고된 자료를 사용해 얻은 계산값과 비교하였다. 단층시편의 경우, 실험을 통해 얻는 열확산계수와 열전도도는 계산값보다 작았다. 스테인리스강의 경우, 측정한 열전도도는 계산값에 비해 6% 정도 작았으며, 알루미늄의 경우 18% 정도 작았다. 반면, 2층 금속인 스테인리스강과 알루미늄의 클래드메탈은 측정한 열전도도가 계산값에 비해 55% 정도 낮게 나타났다. 섬광법으로 측정한 열전도도가 계산값보다 55% 정도 낮게 나타난 이유는 스테인리스강과 알루미늄의 사이에 존재하는 계면의 영향 때문이다. 스테인리스강과 알루미늄의 사이에 존재하는 계면은 열전도 특성을 지배하는 전자와 탄성파의 이동을 어렵게 하기 때문이다. 우수한 방열특성을 갖는 다층구조 방열모듈을 개발하기 위해서는 열전도 특성에 결정적으로 영향을 주는 계면 특성의 조절이 중요하다. A study on thermal properties for a single-layer metal and a 2-ply metal (clad metals) was investigated for the application of heat sink. For the single-layer metal, a stainless steel (STS) and an aluminum (Al) were selected. Also, a roll bonded clad metal with STS and Al was chosen for the 2-ply metal. The thermal conductivity of the sample was obtained from the thermal diffusivity measured by the light flash analysis (LFA), specific heat and density. Measured thermal property values were compared with the calculated values using the data from the references. For the single-layer metal, measured values for the thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity were smaller than calculated values. Differences between measured and calculated values were about 6% and 18% for the STS and Al samples, respectively. For the clad metals, however, a large difference (55%) was observed. Here, a relatively small thermal conductivity measured by LFA was due to the existence of a interface between STS and Al in the clad metal. Such a interface reduces the moving velocity of free electrons and phonons in the clad metal. For the development of a high performance heat-issipation module with the multi-layer structure, the control of interface properties which determine thermal properties was confirmed to be important.

      • KCI등재
      • KCI등재

        미국 형법상 위법성조각사유의 전제사실의 착오

        김종구 韓國刑事法學會 2013 刑事法硏究 Vol.25 No.3

        The problem of mistake of justificatory facts has been one of the most controversial topics in both Korean criminal law and German criminal law. Putative self-defense, a typical case of mistake of justificatory facts, is used to describe a situation when an individual reasonably believes that he is in danger but in fact is not. A number of very scholastic and sophisticated theories have been suggested about how to deal with this topic in both Korea and Germany. Most US courts adopt the reasonable person standard when they decide whether a claim of putative self-defense is a valid defense. Current case law in the majority of US jurisdictions provides that defendants who act unreasonably in self-defense should not be exculpated. There is an objective and subjective dichotomy in determining whether the defendant's self defense was reasonable. In mistake of justificatory facts the test should balance subjectivity and objectivity. Some US courts reason that the factfinder must hold the accused to the standard of a reasonable person in the defendant's situation. However, other courts argue that defendant's liability should be judged objectively. Unlike Korean and German theories that deal with a mistake of justificatory facts, US courts opinions are based on flat legal thinking because they rely on the simple concept of reasonableness. However, Korean and German theories about a mistake of justificatory facts are based on structured legal thinking and are very scholastic and sophisticated. Korean and German legal theories are more systematic and contribute to proper punishment in a criminal case. However, US courts opinions are relatively simple and easy for a lay person to understand. The author of this article argues that Korean criminal law scholars have to pay attention to US case law for the purpose of harmonizing Korean law with Anglo-American law and establishing a unique criminal law system of Korea.

      • SCOPUSKCI등재

        Dopamine Gangrene

        김종구,장승호,윤태영 ( Jong Goo Kim,Seung Ho Chang,Tae Young Yoon ) 대한피부과학회 1997 대한피부과학회지 Vol.35 No.4

        Dopamine, a sympathomimetic agent, is one of the drugs used to improve cardiac output and blood pressure in advanced cardiac life-support in the context of conditions such as shock and heart failure. It is available only for intravenous use. We report a case of dopamine gangrene which has never been reported in Korean medical literature. Four gangrenous lesions developed in both forearms and the left leg of a 72-year-old man during a 7-day infusion of dopamine 3pg per kg per minute as treatment for septic shock, which corresponded to the injection sites. The gangrenous lesions healed up spontaneously leaving scars after administration of dopamine was discontinued. (Kor J Dermatol 1997;35(4): 805 - 808)

      • KCI등재

        비교형법학으로서 한·중 형법 학술교류 20년의 회고와 전망

        김종구 한국비교형사법학회 2022 비교형사법연구 Vol.24 No.3

        The academic exchange between the Korean Association of Comparative Criminal Law and the Criminal Law Research Association of the Chinese Law Association will be held for the 20th year in 2022. The Korea-China Criminal Law Conference is an important academic event in terms of the identity of the Korean Association of Comparative Criminal Law, which stands for the Society for Comparative Law Research. Papers presented at the conference were published in the Journal of Comparative Criminal Law, and contributed greatly to the specialization of the journal. The study of comparative law was essential at the time of the formation of the Korean legal system. The study of comparative law is also important to properly interpret and apply the legal system introduced from foreign countries. The study of comparative law is also important for the preparation of legislative measures to respond to newly emerging legal phenomena. At this point, the Korea-China Criminal Law Conference has great significance as a method of comparative criminal law and as a place for exchange and communication between Korean and Chinese criminal law scholars. Now, on the occasion of the 20th anniversary, it is necessary to look back on the achievements of the academic exchanges between Korea and China and to seek new development plans. The Korea-China Criminal Law Conference should continue to develop as a major event that matches the identity of the Korean Association of Comparative Criminal Law. As a method of comparative criminal law, the Korea-China criminal law academic conference should go beyond the exploration of foreign criminal law in the normative aspect and become practical comparative law. It is also necessary to review the budget issues of the conference, the improvement of the quality of the presented papers, and the enhancement of the interest and participation of the society members. In this paper, the author briefly reviewed the history of criminal law in Korea and China. Next, the author examined the implications of comparative law and comparative criminal law in our legal system. In addition, as a method of comparative criminal law, 20 years of the Korea-China Criminal Law Conference were retrospectively reviewed, and the plan for the development of academic exchanges between Korea and China was reviewed.

      • KCI등재후보

        농촌형 녹색마을 내 신재생에너지 활용에 따른 CO2 저감 효과

        김종구,유영선,강연구,김영화,장재경,김현태,이승기 유기성자원학회 2012 유기물자원화 Vol.20 No.2

        As an alternative strategy in the era of high level petroleum cost, the study focused to suggest the way on the revitalization of renewable energy through the impact on introduction effect of renewable energy in green village. Total feasible solar energy production is 6.73 GWh/yr along with the biomass energy producing electric power energy is 134.06 GWh/yr, the two category's total electric power energy is 233.19 GWh/yr, which is possible to achieve the selfsufficiency of energy by 33% for total energy consumption of 705.80 GWh/yr in the region. The calculated feasibility on the carbon dioxide reduction, carbon dioxide reduction level is 1,891 ton_CO2 by agricultural byproducts, 43,635 ton_CO2 by livestock waste, 395 ton_CO2 by municipal waste,50,324 ton_CO2 by forest byproducts, the total biomass shows 96,245 ton_CO2, while the carbon dioxide reduction of solar light energy is 2,251 ton_CO2, 1,383.3 ton_CO2 by solar heat energy,the total solar energy shows 3,634 ton_CO2. So total carbon dioxide reduction effect shows 99,879 ton_CO2. 본 연구에서는 고유가 시대의 대안으로 정부에서 추진하고 있는 농촌형 녹색마을에 재생에너지를 도입하는 경우 CO2 저감효과를 분석하고, 재생에너지의 보급 활성화 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 전라북도 G시에 조성하고 있는 소규모 농촌형 녹색마을의 에너지 잠재량을 조사한 결과 태양에너지를 이용하면 연간 6.73 GWh의 전력생산이 가능하고, 바이오매스로는 연간 134.06 GWh의 전략생산이 가능한 것으로 분석되었다. 따라서 전체 전력생산량은 연간 233.19 GWh로서 대상지역에서 연간 사용하고 있는 총 에너지 소비량 705.80 GWh의 33%를 부담할 수 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 한편 이산화탄소 감축잠재량을 산정한 결과 농산부산물은 1,891 ton_CO2, 축산폐기물은 43,635 ton_CO2, 도시폐기물은 395 ton_CO2, 임산부산물은 50,324 ton_CO2로 분석되었으며, 바이오매스로 인한 효과는 연간 총 96,245 ton_CO2 으로 나타났다. 또한 태양광에너지 2,251 ton_CO2, 태양열에너지 1,383.3 ton_CO2로 태양에너지로 인한 효과는 3,634 ton_CO2이었으며, 총 99,879 ton_CO2의 배출을 감축할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

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