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교육개혁조치의 근본이념과 현장 적용성에 대한 연구 : 학교운영위원회 제도를 중심으로 A Stdudy on the School-Site Council
조경원(Kyung Won Cho),정진곤(Jeen Gon Cheong),김용식(Yong Sick Kim) 한국초등교육학회 1997 초등교육연구 Vol.11 No.1
이 연구는 정부에서 발표한 다양한 교육개혁조치 가운데 학교현장에 많은 변화를 가져올 것으로 기대되어 왔던 '학교운영위원회'를 선택하여, 그 제도가 추구하고자 하는 목적과 근본이념이 무엇이며, 과연 그러한 목적이 학교현장에서 원래의 의도대로 시행되고 있으며, 그렇지 않다면 그 원인은 무엇이며, 이를 달성하기 위하여 어떤 방향으로 개선되어야 할 것인가를 탐색하였다. 학교운영위원회 제도의 근본이념과 취지는 이제까지의 교장중심의 독단적인 학교운영에서 탈피하여 학교 사회의 주된 구성원인 교장, 교사, 학부모, 지역사회인사 등이 함께 모여 학교의 주요한 일들을 협의해 가는 '학교운영의 민주화'라고 할 수 있다. 그러나 학교현장에서는 이 제도가 위원의 선출, 안건의 상정과 심의 및 의사결정과정 등에서 원래의 취지대로 운영되지 못하고, 비민주적인 방식으로 운영되고 있다. 그 주된 원인은 제도자체의 미비점, 졸속적인 시행과 준비부족, 제도정착을 위한 노력의 미흡, 학교장의 권위주의적 태도 그리고 학부모의 전통적 교육관과 의식 등에서 찾아 볼수 있다. 이를 개선하기 위해서는 학교 급별, 지역별, 학교별로 다양한 형태의 위원회를 구성하여 운영할 수 있도록 허용하고, 위원의 선출과정과 절차의 준수, 위원들의 역할과 권한에 대한 철저한 교육 등이 이루어져야 한다. Korean government like any other countries believes that his future depends on the quality of education. Most people think that current educational systems are not effectively working and students do not study worthwhile knowledges and skills eventhough they work very hard. Such as increasing world-wide competitiveness, technological development requires educational reform. If the future generation continues to concentrate on memorizing inert and tedious informations in these situations, the nations may face serious danger. The Presidential Committee on Educational Reform was organized in 1994 and tried to reestablish educational system of our country. The Committee suggested many educational agenda. Most people at that time appreciated their efforts and hoped their success. The School-Site Council(SSC)is one of such educational reforms of the Committee. The school is not democratic and parents cannot participate in school government. Only the principal has monopolic power in decision and management of the school. The study is to make clear what the fundamental purpose of SSC is. Even though the Presidential Committe suggested three purposes, enhancing the diversity of schoolings, trying to make parents and teachers participate in school administration, and connecting the school with the community, they can be summarized with making the school democtratic. The study finds out how SSC is democratically organized and performing in school. In other words we want to know whether educational ideal of SSC is really achieved in school or not. However, the answer is negative. The procedures and management of electing the members of the council are, first of all, undemocratic. The council members of the parents do not represent them because very few parents among the whole participate in the election. The members in some schools are appointed by the principal. The principal in some cases ask the council to pass the agenda because they are already informed to the parents. The coucil easily agrees with his asking. Such as an agenda about the management of school curriculum is never argued even though the council is to touch upon it. Why is SSC not so effectively working in school? The members, first of all, do not know what their roles are. Most of them are never heard of them and educated. They only guess that SSC is similar with the past parent association which was organized in order to collecting money from the parents for the development of the school. The second reason is that the principal is very authoritarian in most cases. He or she thinks the council do not know what is going in school and cannot make good decision. Most parents are very obedient and seldom against the principal. How can we make achieve the ideal purpose of SSC? We must allow the diversity of SSC. The school district should make an effort to educate the members what they do for the school. The members are to be elected in such ways to represent the whole parents and they are able to do their roles and work hard.
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한국인에서 중합효소반응을 이용한 Short Tandem Repeat(STR)유전자위 F13B 분석
김용식,윤창륙,안종모,허웅,이영수,김남리,김세연 朝鮮大學校 口腔生物學硏究所 1996 Oral Biology Research (Oral Biol Res) Vol.20 No.2
In order to be utilized as a database in forensic identification and parentage test, allelic frequency and genotype distribution of short tandem repeat(STR) F13B locus was analysed by polymerase chain reaction in 210 Korean adults who are not related. The results were as follows. 1. 3 alleles and 5 genotypes of F13B locus were detected and heterozygosity value was 48.6% and allelic diversity value was 0.639 and the power of discrimination was 0.804. 2. The observed each alleles and allelic frequency was 8(0.069), 9(0.193), 10(0.738). In conclusion, the allelic frequency of STR F13B locus in the Korean is considerd as an useful DNA allelic profile for forensic identification, but it should be used with several other STR locus to get definitive conclusion of analysis for individual identification and parentage testing.
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김우식,김해성,김용식 한국화학공학회 1986 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.24 No.1
본 연구는 액-액물질 이동계에서의 계면난류에 관한 연구로서 tributylphosphate(TBP)-ethanol(EtOH)-sodium hydroxide계에서 TBP-에탄올의 혼합비와 액적의 직경을 변화시켜 계의 물리화학적 특성과 계면의 유체역학적 특성을 변화시키면서 이에 따른 Marangoni 효과과 미소교란해석(small disturbance analysis)에 의한 불안정 조건을 분석 검토하였으며, 이때의 물질이동계수를 무차원수 Sh, Sc, Mo 및 Jo와 다음과 같이 상관시켰다. Sh=α{Sc Mo^(-0.149) (Jo-0.867)}^(β/2) In the present work the interfacial turbulence of a tributyl phosphate (TBP)-ethanol (EtOH)-sodium hydroxide system was analysed through small disturbance theory and interfacial instability conditions in the viewpoint of Marangoni effect according to physico-chemical and hydrodynamic properties which were varied with the volume ratios of TBP to ethanol and drop diameters. The interfacial instability condition was discussed in terms of the critical Marangoni number and the mass transfer coefficients were correlated with dimensionless groups of Sh, Sc, Mo, and Jo as follows: Sh=α{Sc Mo^(-0.149) (Jo-0.867)}^(β/2)
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