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Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of New Anthracycline Analogues
김완중,유동진,강현수,장순량,Kim, Wan Jung,Yu, Dong Jin,Gang, Hyeon Su,Jang, Sun Ryang 대한화학회 2001 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.22 No.9
New anthracycline analogues 2-9 as potential anticancer agents have been synthesized from daunomycin (1a) and doxorubicin (1b). Compounds 2 and 6 were prepared by the nucleophilic displacement type esterification of 14-bromodaunomycin (1c) with N-benzoyl-(2R,3S)-phenylisoserine and L-pyroglutamic acid in triethyl-amine, respectively. Compounds 3, 7 and 4, 8 were prepared by the reaction of either daunomycin (1a) or doxorubicin (1b) with one equivalent of the corresponding acids in the presence of EDCI/PP. Compounds 5, 9 were obtained from 1b by reaction with 2.2 equivalents of the corresponding acids in the same manner. The cytotoxic activities of the analogues in comparison with adrimycin on cultured SNU-16 and MCF7 cell were described.
Synthesis of New Anthracycline Derivatives Including Butyric or Retinoic Acid Moiety.
김완중,박시호,유동진,강흔수,정순량,Kim, Wan Jung,Park, Si Ho,Yu, Dong Jin,Gang, Heun Su,Jeong, Sun Ryang 대한화학회 2001 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.22 No.6
The potential anticancer agents, new anthracycline analogues (2-9) have been synthesized from the glycosides daunomycin (1a) and doxorubicin (1b). Compounds 2 and 6 were prepared by nucleophilic displacement esterification of a 14-bromodauomycin(1c) with sodium or potassium salts of butyric and all trans retinoic acid, respectively. Compounds 3 and 7 were obtained from daunomycin (1a) by direct amidation with a butyric and all trans retinoic acid in the presence of EDCI and PP, respectively. Compounds 4 and 8 were obtained from doxorubicin (1b) by reaction with the corresponding acids in the same manner. Compounds 5 and 9 were prepared from doxorubicin (1b) by acylation with two equivalents of the corresponding acids under the same reaction conditions.
Synthesis of New Anthracyline Derivatives Containg Acetylsalicyclic or Palmitic Acid Moiety.
김완중,박시호,유동진,강흔수,정순량,Kim, Wan Jung,Park, Si Ho,Yu, Dong Jin,Gang, Heun Su,Jeong, Sun Ryang 대한화학회 2001 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.22 No.6
The potential anticancer agents new anthracycline derivatives (2~9) have been synthesized from daunomycin (1a) and doxorubicin (1b) ad starting materials. Compounds 2 and 6 were prepared by the nucleophilic displacement type esterification of a 14-bromodaunomycin (1c) with a acetylsalicylic and palmitic acid in triethylamine, respectively. Compound 3 and 7 were obtained from daunomycin (1a) by direct amidation with the corresponding acids in the presence of EDCI and PP as esterification regents. Whereas 4 and 8 were prepared by reaction of doxorubicin (1b) with one equivalent of acetylsalicylic and palmitic acid using DCC/DMAP, respectively, 5 and 9 were obtained from 1b by acylation with two equivalents of the corresponding acids using EDCI/PP reagents.
김완중(Wan Jung Kim),김중남(Jung Nam Kim),김호중(Ho Jung Kim),문철웅(Chul Oong Moon),이승일(Soung Il Lee),장경식(Kyoung Sig Chang),홍순표(Soon Pyo Hong) 대한내과학회 1990 대한내과학회지 Vol.39 No.4
N/A Heart rate variability is a noninvasive index of the neural, especially parasympathetic, activity of the heart. Autonomic neuropathy is frequently observed in diabetic patients, and a 5-year survival rate of this kind of patient is low. To evaluate autonomic neuropathy in diabetic patients, 35 diabetic patients (proliferative retinopathy: 14, neurogenic bladder:8, postural hypotenion:6) measured for RR intervals and Valsalva ratios compared with 77 persons of the normal control group. RR variations (standard deviation: SD, coefficient of variation: CV, max-min, max/min) during deep respiration and Valsalva ratios (Vmax-Vmin, Vmax/Vmin) during Valsalva maneuver were significantly lower in the diabetic patients than in the normal control group (p<0.001, respectively). RR variations and Valsalva ratios decreased progressively with an increase of age in the control group and in diabetic patients (p<0.001, respectively). RR variations and Valsalva ratios were significantly lower in the diabetic patients with retinopathy, neurogenic bladder, and postural hypotension compared to diabetic patients without such conditions (P value <0.01, <0.05, <0.05, respectively). It is concluded that diabetic autonomic neuropathy can be indicated by the measurement of RR variations and Valsalva ratios.
김완중 ( Wan Joong Kim ),김수정 ( Soo Jung Kim ) 한국재무관리학회 2016 財務管理硏究 Vol.33 No.3
본 논문은 기업의 현금성자산 보유 성향에 영향을 미치는 주요인이 금융위기 전후로 상이하고, 재무적 제약이 크지 않은 기업의 경우에는 과도한 현금성자산 보유가 기업가치에 부정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 점에 착안해 국내 코스피 상장 기업을 대상으로 분석하였다. 금융위기를 전후로 일부 변수의 유의성과 부호가 상이하게 나타나 경제 및 금융환경 변화와 더불어 기업들의 경영활동에도 큰 변화가 존재했음을 확인할 수 있었다. 특히 재무현금흐름 변수의 포함 여부에 따라 추정 결과에차이가 존재하며, 금융위기를 전후로 재무현금흐름과 레버리지 변수의 부호가 상반된 것으로 나타나 재무활동의 성격이 구조적으로 변화했음을 보여주고 있다. 또한 금융위기 이후 재무적 비제약 기업의과도한 현금성자산 축적은 기업가치에 부정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 Jensen(1986)의잉여현금흐름에 대한 대리인 비용 이론이 국내에서도 존재하며, 금융위기 이후 재무적 제약이 없는 기업의 재무행태가 구조적으로 변화하였음을 보여주고 있다. 본 연구는 글로벌 금융위기를 계기로 투자감소 등의 구조적 변화가 진행되었다는 점에서 아시아 금융위기를 경험한 국가 기업들이 투자를 감소한 반면 현금성자산을 축적한 사실을 밝혀낸 기존 연구결과와 일관된 결과를 도출하고 있다. 또한 글로벌 금융위기 이후 기업들의 현금성자산 증가가 일부 우량 대기업들의 투자처 부재에 기반하고 있다는 투자기회부족 가설을 지지하고 있다. In recent years, we see that Korean firms have been increasing their cash and cash equivalents as well as marketable securities. In addition, the cash holding propensity, which is computed as cash holding over the net assets, is also increasing over the recent period. In this paper, we analyze the companies, which are listed on KOSPI, to identify how the main factors that affect corporate cash to asset ratio have changed since the global financial crisis, and how the excess cash holding of the financially unconstrained firm affects corporate’s value. Our empirical study shows that significances and signs of some variables have been inconsistent as the financial crisis have affected the business environment. It means that business activities of the firms have significantly changed since the financial crisis, as the economic and financial environment have changed. The empirical result varies depending on inclusion of cash flow for finance as a variable. It also indicates that signs of cash flow for finance and leverage factor have changed since the financial crisis, which means that the nature of firms’ financial activities have significantly shifted. Furthermore, the empirical result says that the excessive corporate cash to asset ratio of the financially unconstrained firm has a negative effect on its corporate value after the financial crisis. This paper shows that Jensen s (1986) agency costs theory of free cash flow is present in korea, after financial crisis, financing behavior of financial non-constrainted companies show a structural change. Furthermore, it supports the results of Structural change is in progress that companies in countries that have experienced the Asian financial crisis uncovered the fact that they accumulate investment assets such as cash and cash equivalents with decreasing investment. In the wake of the global financial crisis, the fact that increase in cash and cash equivalents of the company is concentrated on large companies, have a thread of connection with previous research Pinkowitz et al. (2014) the poor investment opportunity hypothesis.
김완중(Wan-Jung Kim),최창호(Chang-Ho Choi),현동석(Dong-Seok Hyun) 전력전자학회 1998 전력전자학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
Under high power IGBTs switching, a large overvoltage is induced across the IGBT module due to the stray inductance in the circuit. This paper proposes a new gate drive circuit for high power IGBTs which can actively suppress the overvoltage across the driven IGBT at turn-off while preserving the most simple and reliable power circuit. The turn-off driving scheme has adaptive feature to the amplitude of collector current, so that the overvoltage can be limited much effectively at the fault collector current. Experimental results under various normal and fault conditions prove the effectiveness of the proposed.<br/> <br/>
대장암에서 종양억제 유전자와 p53의 상위조절인자로서의 hSRBC 연구
김완중 ( Wan Jung Kim ),김효종 ( Hyo Jong Kim ),지성길 ( Sung Gil Chi ),김진오 ( Jin Oh Kim ),조주영 ( Joo Young Cho ),심찬섭 ( Chan Sup Shim ) 대한장연구학회 2007 Intestinal Research Vol.5 No.2
Background/Aims: hSRBC [human Serum deprivation response (sdr)-Related gene product that Binds to c-kinase] was identified using PKCδ or BRCA1 as a probe and located at 11p15.5-p15.4 region. Expression of hSRBC protein was also decreased in a number of breast, lung, and ovarian cancer cell lines, suggesting that hSRBC might be a putative tumor suppressor gene. Methods: The expression status of hSRBC was analyzed in 50 primary colon tumors and their adjacent 50 normal tissues, and 20 colon cancer cell lines. Transcript and protein expression of hSRBC was studied by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. siRNA-mediated knockdown of hSRBC expression was utilized to investigate its association with p53. Results: The mRNA expression of hSRBC was decreased in 60% (12/20) of colon cancer cell lines and 44% (22/50) of patient``s colon cancer tissues. Expression of hSRBC mRNA was significantly decreased in tumors compared to non-cancerous cells, while genomic level of hSRBC was not decreased in tumors. hSRBC expression was increased by 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine treatment and hypermethylation of CpG sites was strongly associated with decreased expression. Ectopic transfection of hSRBC suppressed RKO cell count and hSRBC knockdown by siRNA augmented HCT116 cell numbers. Flow cytometry showed G1 arrest and apoptosis of colon cancer cells by restoration of hSRBC expression in RKO cells. Both basal and etoposide-mediated p53 expression was decreased when hSRBC expression was knockdowned with siRNA. Conclusions: hSRBC expression is frequently decreased by promoter CpG site hypermethylation. hSRBC down-regulates p53 expression in G1 phase and might be a novel upstream regulator of p53. (Intest Res 2007;5:131-143)