Xylazine이 histamine 유리에 미치는 영향

김영환 ( Young Hoan Kim ),박준형 ( Joon Hyoung Park ) 한국가축위생학회 2002 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.25 No.1

It has been reported that degranulation of mast cells in rats, rabbits and dog was observed after dosing xylazine hydrochloride(Xh) which has been widely used as sedative, analgesic and muscular relaxant. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to examine the relations between Xh and histamine release and to identify the action of a-adrenoceptors which exists on the surface of mast cells. 1. The content of histamine within serum was measured with HPLC by performing the O-phthalaldehyde(OPA) fluorescent derivation. The pretreatment method had a little modification from the conventional method. The pretrement was carried out in the following method. 0.2㎖ of serum and 1㎖ of butanol were added to mixed together and then the liquid was centrifugally separated at 4℃ and 2,000rpm for 3 minutes. 0.4㎖ of 0.1N HC1 and 1.6㎖ of heptane were added to 0.8㎖ of supematant taken from the liquid, and they were mixed together. This mixture was also centrifugally separated at 4℃ and 2,000 rpm for 5 minutes. The supernatant was thrown away and the OPA fluo-rescent derivation was carried out with 0.2㎖ of the lower liquid then, 5 minutes after mixing 400㎕,a of 0.1N HC1, 120㎕ of 1N NaOH and 40㎕ of 0.1% OPA in the 0.2㎕ of the lower liquid, 120㎕ of 3.57N H3PO4 was added to the mixed liquid, and the liquid, was mixed again and syringe-filtered. Then, the measurement was done with HPLC in the 30:70 (v/v) ratio of 0.004M KH2PO4:CH3CN, flow rate of 1.0㎖/min., and a wavelength of λex=350nm and λem=444nm at the column temperature of 27℃, using the fluorescence detector. 2. The content of histamine in each laboratory animal appeared to be higher in such an order as rabbit, rat, guinea pig, dog, Korean indigenous goat, swine, Korean indigenous cattle, Holstein, and mouse, of which the individual mean values ± standard deviation were 2.0668±0.6049. 0.4999±0.2278, 0.4241±0.1974, 0.1054±0.0556, 0.1028 ±0.0276, 0.0972±0.0513, 0.0872±0.0373, 0.0717±0.0379, and 0.0706±0.0366, respectively. 3. The content of histamine was measured at the moments of 15-, 30-, 60-, 120-minutes after intramuscular injection of 20mg/100kg Xh into two to 4 years old Holstein weighing 600~700kg. The result showed that there was a significant increase at the times of 30- and 90-minutes after injection(p<0.05). 4. Intramuscular injection of 3mg/l0kg Xh was given to crossbred pug dogs weighing 2.5~4.3kg. The content of histamine was measured at the times of 30-, 60-, 90- and 120-minutes after injection. The result revealed that there was a significant increase at the times of 60~ and 90-minutes after injection(p<0.05). 5. Intramuscular injection of 10mg/㎖~25mg/㎖ Xh in concentration of 0.l㎖ was applied to Korean indigenous goat over 5 months old. Then, the content of histamine was measured at the times of 15-, 30-, 60- and 90-minutes after injection. A significant increase was shown at the times of 30- and 60-minutes after injection(p<0.06). 6. The content of histamine was measured at the moments of 30- and 60-minutes after intramuscular injection of 0.1-0.2㎖ Xh(20㎎/㎖) into male rabbits weighting 2.5-4kg. A significant increase was found at the moment of 60 minutes after injection(p<0.001). 7. After administering Xh to the mast cell taken from the abdominal cavity of mouse, the content of histamine was measured. The result showed that the higher the concentration, the more significantly the content of histamine was increased(p<0.05). 8. Compound 48/80 was administered in concentration of 5㎍/㎖ and 10㎍/㎖ to the mast cell picked from the abdominal cavity of mouse. The result showed that there was a significant increase in the content of histamine in case of the concentration of 10㎍/㎖(p<0.05). It was found to be about 10,000 to 500,000 times stronger than the Xh. 9. After premedication of 1mg/kg of yohimbine hydrochloride as a2-adrenergic antagonist to rabbits, the Xh was administered to them. The result was that the value of histamine within serum was decreased significantly(p<0.001). 10. After premedication of 1mg/kg of prazosin hydrochloride as a1-adrenergic antagonist to rabbits, the Xh was administered to them. It was found that the value of histamine within serum was decreased significantly(p<0.005). 11. Prazosin hydrochloride and yohimbine hydrochloride as a1-adrenergic antagonist, respectively, and a2-adrenergic antagonist were administerd. In this case, the value of histamine within serum was decreased significantly(p<0.0001). As the results, when the Xh is administered to various kinds of animals, the amount of histamine release within serum is increased. In view of the results so far achieved, it is concluded that Xh acted on both a1-adrenoreceptor and a2-adrenoreceptor induces the degranulation of mast cell.

경북지방유래 추백리 양성계에서의 균분리 및 혈청역가 추이

김영환 ( Young Hoan Kim ),김경희 ( Kyoung Hee Kim ),우용구 ( Yong Ku Woo ),장영술 ( Young Sool Chang ),조민희 ( Min Hee Cho ),김수웅 ( Soo Woong Kim ) 한국가축위생학회 1997 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.20 No.1

The present study was conducted to investigate the general epidemiological situations with 18-pullorum infected chickens from Kyongbuk provinces during the period from June 1995 to January 1996. On the Salmonella pullorum isolation tests by rectal swab culture method from infected chickens(386-samples), any Salmonella spp was not isolated from infected live-birds. But 2-S pullorum were isolated of 2-dead chickens(33.3 %) from 6-dead chickens which were positively reacted by serological tests. On the other hand, we could not isolated any Salmonella spp. in any parts of egg-contents; egg-shell, egg-white and egg-yolks with 25-infected bird eggs. On the tests of antibiogram, 2-S pullorum strains were highly sensitive to GM, AM, SXT, CZ, K, F/M, ENR, C, AN, N, NN, LIN+SP, CF, TE and PB, respectively and intermediate sensitive to the CB, CFP, CL, S. P and XNL. But 2-strains were resistant to CC, DP, E, L, OX, TLA and TyLO. In the serological tests, pullorum antibody titers of 18-infected birds was from 2.76 to 9.18 with average by the microplate test. During the 6-months, pullorum antibody average titers were not changed generally. To validate the effects of the antimicrobial agent treatments to the serological antibody titers, infected 6-chickens was medicated with 0.5%-futazolidone. The titer of premedicated birds was average 4.26 but after medication with furazolidone, the titers of treated 6-birds was average 4.08.

경북지방 돼지의 유산태아에서 PCV2 감염률 조사

김영환 ( Young Hoan Kim ),조광현 ( Kwang Hyun Cho ),정영석 ( Young Seok Jeong ),박인화 ( In Hwa Park ),김정화 ( Jung Hwa Kim ) 한국가축위생학회 2005 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.28 No.3

The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of PCV2 infection of the aborted pigs in Gyeongbuk province from April in 2004 to March in 2005. The prevalence of PCV1 and PCV2 infection was confirmed by the PCR method against 32 aborted pigs of 19 farms, which were requested of diagnosis of disease. Among 32 aborted pigs, abortions caused by PCV1 were 7(21.9%) heads and by PCV2 were 9(28.1%) heads. Using PCR, the rate of PCV1 infection of 19 farms which were requested of diagnosis of disease is positive in 2(10.5%) farms and 5(26.3%) farms were positive in PCV2, and compositive infections of PCV1, PCV2 is 1(5.3%) farms. Among 32 aborted the pigs, only PCV2 infection was one case(3.1%), compositive infections with abortion disease were 8 cases(25%). Compositive infections with abortion disease were most of the parvovirus infection(84.2%).

지방정부에서 e-컨텐츠 기반기술을 활용한 고객관계관리(CRM) 도입의 핵심요인 연구

김영환(Young-Hoan Kim),박희서(Hwie-Seo Park) 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2005 韓國컴퓨터情報學會論文誌 Vol.10 No.4

본 연구는 지방정부에서의 e-컨텐츠 기반기술을 활용한 고객관계관리(CRM)의 도입에 대한 핵심요인을 도출하였으며, 실제 고객관계관리를 도입함에 있어서 고려 및 점검해야 할 사항들을 제시하였다. 즉 고객관계관리 도입의 개념모형정립을 위해 고객관계관리에 대한 선행연구의 결과 중 고객관계관리의 성공요인과 도입한 결과 의도했던 성과를 얻었던 요인들을 종합하였다. 그리고 고객관계관리의 개념모형이 행정기관과 행정의 기능 및 역할에 따라서 어떠한 결과를 얻을 수 있는가에 대한 관계를 제시하였다. 본 연구결과의 성과는 향후 지방정부에서의 고객관계관리의 도입을 고려함에 있어서 경험적 조사를 위한 기반을 삼을 수 있을 것으로 보여 진다. 그리고 지방정부에서의 고객관계관리의 적용에 대한 방향의 제시와 실제 고객관계관리의 관리자들에게 실무지침 및 기준으로 활용해 나갈 수 있도록 하는 기반을 제공하게 될 것이다. A Core Study on the Introduction of CRM to use e-contents to the Local Government. This study extracted the core principles about the Introduction of CRM that used E-Contents fundamental technology in the local government, and showed the considerations and the examined details to introduce the real CRM.. It integrated the success factors of CRM and the source that took the success by using the intentional result in order to build the concept model for the Introduction of CRM. And the concept model of CRM showed what factors can gain according to an administrative organ and the function and role of the administration. This study result will be the base for experienced survey in case that the local government will introduce CRM to use e-contents fundamental technology hereafter. And it will offer the foundation to show the directions about application of CRM in the local government and to apply the standards and the administrative guidelines to the CRM's officials.

경북지방 돼지에서 이유후전신성소모성증후군 및 pocine circovirus type 2의 감염 양상

김영환 ( Young Hoan Kim ),조광현 ( Kwang Hyun Cho ),김성국 ( Sung Kuk Kim ),김순태 ( Soon Tae Kim ),박인화 ( In Hwa Park ),손재권 ( Jae Kweon Son ),정종식 ( Jong Sik Jyeong ) 한국가축위생학회 2004 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.27 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of pocine circovirus type 2(PCV2) infection and post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome(PMWS) of swine in Gyeongbuk province from June to December in 2003. Gyeongbuk Veterinary Service Laboratory had tested PCV1 and PCV2 by the PCR method against 210 infected pigs of 105 farms, which were requested diagnosis of disease and investigate compositive infections with bacterial disease. The following results were obtained; 1. Among 210 pigs, the pigs infected with PCV1 were 134(63.8%) heads and with PCV2 were 143(68.1%) heads. 2. Using PCR, the rate of PCV1 infection of 105 farms which were requested of diagnosis of disease is positive in 75(71.4%) farms and 78(74.3%) farms were positive in PCV2, and compositive infections of PCV1 and PCV2 were 75(71.4%) farms. 3. According to age of requested pig, the frequency of PCV infection rate was following, the pig under 4 weeks of age were 28.6% in PCV1 and PCV2, respectively, and the pig of 4-7 weeks of age were 58.6% in PCV1 and PCV2, respectively. The pig of 8-11 weeks of age were 73.1% in PCV1 and 74.6% in PCV2, the pig of 12-18 weeks of age were 80.9% in PCV1 and 88.1% in PCV2. 4. In the distribution of compositive infection with bacterial disease related to PCV2 among requested samples, PCV2 infection was 39.7% in 78 cases, two kinds of compositive infection was 38.5%, three kinds of compositive infection was 18.1% and four kinds of complex infection was 3.9%.

경북지방 돼지에서 발생한 TGE의 역학적 특성

김영환 ( Young Hoan Kim ),조광현 ( Kwang Hyun Cho ),김순태 ( Soon Tae Kim ),김성국 ( Sung Kuk Kim ),박인화 ( In Hwa Park ),손재권 ( Jae Kweon Son ) 한국가축위생학회 2001 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.24 No.3

Five pigs industry with outbreaks of transmissible gastroenteritis(TGE) in Gyeongbuk province were investigated during the period from January to December 2000. The typical signs of TGE in piglets had transient vomiting and a watery yellowish diarrhea, rapid loss of weight, dehydration and high mortality in pigs under 2 weeks of age. Clinical signs of TGE in growing and finishing pigs and sows were usually limited to inappetence and diarrhea for one or a few days, with vomiting observed in an occasional animal. The detection of TGE viral antigen in epithelial cells of the small intestine had been used in indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFA) for diagnosing TGE in young pigs. PCR had been successfully used to detect the DNA derived from TGEV in specimen of intestinal swabs. Among 5 pigs industry, four showed typical signs of epizootic TGE and one progressing enzootic TGE. It was 22~53 days that the duration of initial clinical disease in TGE outbreaks of pigs investigated in Gyeongbuk province in 2000. However the duration related directly to herd size. Mortality of piglets under 2 weeks of age for duration was 53.2~88.2%, but that of piglets 2~5 weeks of age was 2.5~6.5%. The piglets of 1 weeks of age died mostly during duration of TGE, but varied considerably with husbandry and other environmental factors.

인권보장을 위한 지역사회경찰활동의 법적 근거와 개선방안에 관한 고찰

김영환(Kim Young-Hoan) 한국법학회 2005 법학연구 Vol.19 No.-

Nowadays the police need to a thesis of police system that has a competitive power in an infinity competitive age, 21C. According to this trend a community policing is emphasized at present, Consequently this study examines the present state and problem of a community policing to activate a community policing in our county. Also it presents a plan of activate about a community policing. Being aware of such an inseparable relationship, we must construct a system of social coexistence to deal efficiently with different types of new crimes derived from a fast-changing modern society. This can be achieved at the earliest time possible by establishing community policing and maintaining an organic system of cooperation with the residents.

경찰작용 효율화를 위한 경찰학습조직의 체계화에 관한 연구

김영환(Kim Young-Hoan),이민창(Lee Min-Chang) 한국법학회 2005 법학연구 Vol.20 No.-

This paper have an abject that suggest an introduction plan of learning organization especially in a police organization. Therefore if observes mainly about necessity of learning organization introduction, factor of success and factor of obstacles by reflecting character of police organization. And it observes constructive strategy and step of learning organization on the basis of it. This treatise presents a politic suggestion point and a direction of study the here after on a introduction of learning organization in police organization on the basis of this result.

경북 문경지방에서 발생한 기종저의 역학적 특성

장영술 ( Young Sool Chang ),김규태 ( Kyoo Tae Kim ),김영환 ( Young Hoan Kim ),김순태 ( Soon Tae Kim ),도재철 ( Jae Cheul Do ),김대원 ( Dae Won Kim ),김봉환 ( Bong Hwan Kim ) 한국가축위생학회 2002 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.25 No.1

Outbreaks from September 1999 to July 2000 of blackleg in 4 milking and fatting cattle farms in the vicinity of Munkyong(northwestern part of Gyeongbuk province) were investigated biochemical characteristics of isolates and were surveyed epidemiological works during the period of 2 months from August to September 2000. Clostridium chauvoei, the etiological agent of blackleg is a serious pathogen of cattle and sheep causing fever, depression and lameness with high mortality in growing phase of 6 to 18 months old mainly beef cattle. Biochemical and cultural properties of 4 isolated Cl chauvoei were identical to those of reported results and isolates were susceptible to ampicillin, bacitracin, chloramphenicol, cephalothin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, norfioxacin, penicillin, and tetracycline, while they were resistant to amikacin, colistin, gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin, streptomycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. In the results of epidemiological survey, outbreak farms that concentrated region of milking or fatting cattle in each sites were so close contact within a radius of about 1km that they are separated only by wire fence or shrub barrier and flies, rodents, wild cats and birds could have the chance to move around between those farms. The origin of the outbreak blackleg were uncertain, but the transmission between farms were mainly through the movement of farm personnel, vehicles which were struck the feces or manures from farm and other mechanical factors such as flies, rodents and birds furthermore occurred mission between farms were mainly through the movement of farm personnel, vehicles which were struck the feces or manures from farm and other mechanical factors such as flies, rodents and birds furthermore occurred 4 farms were not vaccinated. In conclusion, a periodic disinfection, vaccination and quarantine prevention are ideal methods of damage reduction by blackleg.

PFGE를 이용한 경북지역에서 분리된 Brucella abortus의 유전형별

조민희 ( Min Hee Jo ),김성국 ( Seong Guk Kim ),김영환 ( Young Hoan Kim ),김순태 ( Soon Tae Kim ),엄현정 ( Hyun Jung Eom ),장영술 ( Young Sul Jang ),고영활 ( Young Hwal Ko ) 한국가축위생학회 2009 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.32 No.3

Subtyping of Brucella abortus isolates is epidemiologically important for monitoring of bovine brucellosis outbreaks. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) is considered as a gold standard of molecular typing methods to study the DNA polymorphisms of bacteria. In this study, we analyzed using PFGE the DNA fragment profiles of B. abortus isolated in Gyeongbuk province from 1998 to 2006. The genomic DNA was digested with the restriction endonuclease Xba I, Xho I and Smi I followed gel electrophoresis. No distinguishable patterns of the genomic DNA digested with Xba I and Xho I were observed among the field isolates of B. abortus tested in this study. But Smi I restriction enzyme resulted in two PFGE patterns consisting of 13-15 bands that ranged in size from 33 to 668bp by standard marker. The cluster analysis by DNA fingerprinting software showed 93.75% similarity between two PFGE patterns. No different PFGE patterns were recognized among the isolates originated from various years, regions and cow breeds.