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김병연,유병무,배상철,유대현,김성윤,김신규,최희윤 대한내과학회 1992 대한내과학회지 Vol.42 No.1
저자들은 43세의 여자 환자에서 silicone 주입후 류마토이드 관절염의 증상을 발현한 HAD 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. 최근 국내에서도 silicone을 이용한 미용성형술이 증가추세에 있으므로 HAD에 대한 많은 관심이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Human adjuvant disease means the autoimmune disease or autoimmune disease-like syndrome developed after plastic surgery using foreign body implantation. After first report of HAD by Miyoshi at 1964, a number of cases have been reported especially from Japan. Siliocone has been known as biologically inert material, but a couple of side reaction and experimental data argue against such conventional idea. It is impossible to identify the exact role of implanted substance in the occurence of autoimmune disease, but there are a few indirect evidences for adjuvant effect of silicone. Therefore silicone or paraffin function as adjuvant at least in the development of HAD. The spectrum of HAD are as follows: unclassifiable connective tissue disease like syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, SLE, polymyositis, adult Still's disease, ITP, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, etc. There has been no report regarding HAD in Korea. We experienced a case of HAD manifesting as rheumatoid arthritis in 43 years old female patient who had been injected with silicone fluid for augumentation mammoplasty 13 years ago and report this with a review of the literature.
김병연 한국상사법학회 2014 商事法硏究 Vol.32 No.4
In the capital markets, there is a high level of asymmetry of informationdue to none-face-to-face transactions among an unspecified number ofparties. Regardless of continuous efforts by financial supervisory authority toremove unfair transactions in the capital markets, unfair trade practices arestill prevalent. In addition, the types of violations are becoming morecomplex and cunning, as well as increasing in numbers. In order to cope with unfair transactions, the Capital Markets andFinancial Investment Services Act(hereinafter called as ‘the Act’) has sanctionsagainst violations as well as disclosure regulations. Recently, there is acontroversy because the Act imposes financial penalty in violating disclosureregulations, but not in unfair transactions. For the effective regulations in the capital markets, there are numeroussteps that we must go through. First of all, we need to block all possibilityof violations beforehand needed. Second, strict sanctions are needed. Fromthe perspectives of the crime economy, if committing a crime or an illegaltransaction has more benefits than its penalties, there would be a lot moreunfair transactions. However, if the penalties of illegal transactions weremuch more severe than their profits, unfair trade practices can be smallerbecause the economic incentives are too low. Financial penalty systems against unfair transactions exist in the US, UK,and Japan. Thus, Korea should introduce financial penalty in order to dealwith several types of unfair transactions effectively. Finally, introducing theconcept of ‘market abuse’ under the proposal by FSC and Department ofJustice, dated on April 18, 2013, may cause confusion with the meaning of‘unfair trading’ under Article 178 of the Act. Therefore, the proposal must berevised.