http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
자궁경부 종양에서 HPV 16/18의 E6/ E7 단백과 Ki-67 발현율에 관한 연구
김민관,배동한,장경택 대한부인종양 콜포스코피학회 1998 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.9 No.4
The squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix is the most common malignant tumor among women in Korea. Since 1976, when a research result that human papillomavirus(HPV) infection played some role in the carcinogenesis of the uterine cervical carcinoma had been published, numerous reports supporting the result have been released. Among the types of the HPV, type 16 and type 18 are classified as high risk types because they are frequently found in cervical lesions with high grade dysplasia and invasive carcinomas. However, it is impossible to ascertain by host histologic or cellular changes which type of HPV is infected. The HPV genome is composed of six open reading frames (ORF' s) named as E1, E2, E4, E5, E6 and E7 in the early region. Among these oncoproteins HPV E6/E7 have been strongly suggested to be important in carcinogenesis. When HPV infects the epithelial cells, it promotes cellular proliferation. The cellular proliferation can be evaluated by immunohistochemistry with the antibodies for proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) and Ki-67. Because PCNA has long half-life, and can be detected 48 hours after completion of mitosis, an estimation of proliferating cells by PCNA could be inaccurate. The expression of Ki-67 antigen is more correct than PCNA for the evaluation of proliferation cells due to its short half-life and rapid degradation after completion of the mitosis. In this study, immunohistochemical staining was conducted to determine the rate of expression of HPV E6, E7 and Ki-67, correlation with relationship in carcinoma in situ and invasive uterine cervical cancer. Fifty cases of carcinoma of in situ(CIS) and invasive carcinoma were immunohistochemically stained, and the results obtained were as follows: 1) E6 protein of HPV type 16/18 was expressed in 5 of 14 cases(35.7%) of carcinoma in situ, in 3 of 7 cases of microinvasive carcinoma (42.8%) and in 12 of 20 cases of invasive carcinoma(60%) but there was no significant difference in expression between the carcinoma in situ and invasive cancer group (p=0.138). 2) E7 protein of HPV type 16/18 was expressed in 10 of 14 cases(71.4%) of carcinoma in situ, in 6 of 7 cases of microinvasive carcinoma (85.7%), and in 18 of 20 cases of invasive carcinoma(90%) but there was no significant difference in expression between the carcinoma in situ and invasive cancer group (p=0.138). 3) The cell fraction expressing Ki-67 was expressed in 5 of 14 cases(35.7%) of carcinoma in situ, in 5 of 7 cases of microinvasive carcinoma (71.4%), and in 18 of 20 cases of invasive carcinoma.(90%) The cell fraction expressing Ki-67 increased according to the progress of cervical cancer. 4) There was no statistical significance between HPV type 16/18 E6 protein and the cell fraction expressing Ki-67(p=0.09). 5) There was no statistical significance between HPV type 16/18 E7 protein and the cell fraction expressing Ki-67(p=0.17). The above results suggest that the cell fraction expressing Ki-67 increases according to the invasiveness of cervical cancer and E6/E7 protein seem to play a role in the progression of cervical cancer. However we were not able to reveal a relation between E6/E7 protein and the cell fraction expressing Ki-67 in progress of cervical carcinoma, and it is recommended that further studies should be undertaken.
알기 쉬운 공간정보의 구축 및 관리 등에 관한 법률을 위한 법령 용어 개선기준에 관한 연구
김민관,이정우,이명근,배성훈 한국지적학회 2020 한국지적학회지 Vol.36 No.1
It is very important that ensuring legislative intention and people's right to know by making it easier for everyone to understand the legislation through amendment. It is a difficult task to converge the differences in the standards for the improvement of legal terms among various stakeholders. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze differences in preferences among groups by analyzing opinions of related experts regarding the improvement of the Spatial Information Management Act. To this end, it is possible to grasp the priority of decision-making by group for improvement criteria by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique, which is one of the multi-criteria decision making techniques. We expect that this results will help to understand and converge different opinions of various stakeholders for amendment of laws. 법령 개선을 통해 누구나 쉽게 법령을 이해하게 함으로써 입법의도를 제대로 알리고 국민들의 알 권리를 보장하는 차원에서 매우 중요한 일이다. 그러나 개선 과정에서 학문 영역간은 물론 학계와 실무계 등 다양한 이해관계자들 사이에서 법령용어의 개선을 위한 기준과 수준의 차이를 어떻게 수렴하는가는 어려운 과제이다. 이에 본 연구는 공간정보관리법의 개선 기준에 대하여 관련된 전문가들의 의견을 분석하여 집단 간의 선호도 차이를 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 다기준의사결정 기법 중 하나인 분석적계층화과정(AHP) 기법을 활용하여 개선 기준에 대한 집단별 의사결정 우선순위를 파악할 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과가 법령 개선 과정에 있어서 다양한 이해관계자들의 각기 다른 견해를 서로 이해하고 수렴해 가는데 도움이 되길 기대한다.