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김도균,김도균,이진희,곽영호 대한의학회 2017 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.32 No.10
Changes occurred in the patterns of utilization of emergency medical services during the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) outbreak. The purpose of this study was to analyze the patterns of adult and pediatric patients who visited the emergency department (ED) during the outbreak. This retrospective study was conducted by analyzing changes in the patterns of visits among adult and pediatric patients in the ED at one tertiary teaching hospital in Korea. The study was performed from June 1, 2013 to July 31, 2015. The MERS outbreak period was from June 1 to July 31, 2015, and we compared that period to the same periods in 2013 and 2014. We compared and analyzed the patients' characteristics, emergency severity index (ESI) level at the visit, cause of visit, diagnosis, final dispositions, injury/non-injury, length of stay at the ED (EDLOS), and hospitalization rate. A total of 9,107 patients visited the ED during this period. Of these patients, 2,572 (28.2%) were pediatric patients and 6,535 (71.8%) were adult patients. The most common cause of an ED visit was fever (adult patients: 21.6%, pediatric patients: 56.2%). The proportion of non-urgent visits involving an ESI level of 4 or 5 and the EDLOS decreased significantly in pediatric and adult patients in comparison to that during the past two years. This change was significant in pediatric patients. Among adult patients, the rate of injury decreased, whereas it increased among pediatric patients. During the MERS outbreak period, pediatric ED visits due to non-urgent cases decreased significantly and there were more pronounced differences in ED utilization patterns in pediatric patients than in adult patients.
조경시공기술자들의 취업 전 사전학습이 취업 후 직무효능감에 미치는 영향
김도균,김정철,김화정 (사)한국정원디자인학회 2022 한국정원디자인학회지 Vol.8 No.1
본 연구는 조경 시공분야 종사자들을 대상으로 취업 전 사전학습이 취업 후 직무효능감에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위하여 설문조사를 통한 실증분석을 하였다. 취업 전 사전학습 요인이 취업 후 직무 효능감에 미치는 영향을 다중회귀분석을 한 결과에서 취업 후 직무효능감에 현장학습(p<0.01), 간접경험(p<0.05)은 정(+)의 영향을 미치고, 이론학습(p<0.05)은 부(—)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 조경 시공분야 종사자들의 직무효능감에 사전학습 하위변수들 중에서 상대적으로 영향을 미치는 중요도는 현장학습(β=0.351)이 간접경험(β=0.271)보다 크게 나타났다. 취업 후 직무 효능감은 취업 전 현장학습에서 실무적인 것을 직접 익히고, 체험하면서 지식과 정보를 얻었기 때문이며, 취업 전 간접경험은 견학을 통해 조경 시공 분야에서 비전을 발견하기 때문으로 유추되었다. 취업 전 사전학습 중 이론학습이 자신감과 직무 효능감에 통계학적으로 부(—)의 영향이 있는 것으로 나타나는 것은 조경 시공기술자들이 이론적 학습보다는 현장학습이나 간접경험에 비하여 상대적으로 중요도가 낮기 때문으로 생각되었다. 즉, 조경시공기술자들은 조경전공 학교 교육에서 견학이나 다른 사람으로부터 간접 체험하는 것과 현장실습과 같은 현장학습이 이론교육에 비하여 상대적으로 직무효능감에 미치는 영향이 크기 때문으로 추정되었다. 본 연구를 통하여 조경 시공기술자들의 내실 있는 인적자원 관리를 위해서는 자기효능감을 높일 수 있는 취업 전 현장학습과 간접경험과 같은 사전학습이 필요함을 시사하였다.
광양만 임해 매립지 느티나무 식재지 토양의 수직적 특성 변화
김도균,김용식,Kim Do-Gyun,Kim Yong-Shik 한국조경학회 2005 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.33 No.2
This study was carried out to elucidate the vertical characteristics of soil properties at six planted sites of land reclaimed from the sea, in Gwangyang Bay, Jeollanam-do Province, Korea. Based on the types of planting site, the chemical properties of the vertical soil layers varied. The vertical variation was great in the planting sites $Z_1\;and\;Z_2$, but less varied in the mounded planting sites $Z_3,\;Z_5,\;and\;Z_6$. Major reasons for the vertical variation in soil chemical properties included differences in the accumulation of organic matter, soil disturbance by heavy construction equipment, and heterogeneity of soil properties between soil horizons. As soil depths increased, soil salts varied. The electrical conductivity (ECe) increased in the lower areas of planting sites $Z_1\;and\;Z_2$, and the disturbed, saline planting site $Z_3$, but decreased in the lower areas of $Z_3,\;Z_5,\;and\;Z_6$. These tendencies did not coincided with exchange cation concentrations $(Na^+,\;K^+,\;Mg^{++},\;Ca^{++})$. Both total carbon (T-C) and total nitrogen (T-N) accumulated more in the lower areas of planting sites than in the higher areas, and levels were higher closer to the surface than in the soil depths. It is supposed that these tendencies are related to the accumulation of fallen leaves or other organic matter at the soil surface, and the soil chemicals then slowly move downward from the surface. Impediments to tree growth included soil hardiness, high soil salinity and exchangeable cation concentration, low soil moisture content, acidic or alkaline soil, low organic matter, heterogeneity of soil texture and establishment of soil stratification.