EFDC를 이용한 아산만 연안의 해수유동 및 수온 모의

이효동 ( Hyo-dong Lee ),안태진 ( Tae-jin Ahn ),김경섭 ( Kyung-sub Kim ) 한국환경기술학회 2015 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.16 No.6

본 연구는 강, 호수, 하구 및 해역 등 다양한 수계에 널리 이용 가능한 EFDC(Environmental Fluid Dynamic Code) 모델을 이용하여 아산만의 조위, 유속분포 등 해수유동과 수온에 관하여 모의하고 실측치와 비교·분석하였다. EFDC 모델 적용을 위해 SMS 프로그램을 사용하여 격자망을 구성하였으며 격자의 길이는 161.1 m에서 960.9 m이며 격자의 총 개수는 1,872이다. 경계 조건은 안성천 및 삽교천이 유입하는 아산호 및 삽교호 방조제 방류량과 화옹 방조제 인근 해역에 해당하는 아산 05지점의 4대 분조(M₂, S₂, K₁, O₁) 자료를 적용하였다. 모의 결과 아산만은 북·서 방향으로 개방된 형태를 나타내는 해역에 접해있어 개방경계구역에 의한 민감도가 크며 상대적으로 아산호 및 삽교호에 의한 영향은 미미한 것으로 평가되었다. 조위 평균제곱근오차는 0.4769 m로 나타났으며, 유속도 실측치와 모의치 차이가 크지 않아 재현성이 높은 것으로 파악되었다. 수온 평균제곱근오차는 1.199℃로 나타나 4계절 재현성이 우수한 것으로 분석되었다. 격자의 해상도 향상을 통하여 실제 해저지형에 가까운 모델을 구축하면 재현성이 높은 해수유동 및 오염물질 모의가 가능할 것으로 판단한다. EFDC(Environmental Fluid Dynamic Code) model which is widely used in river, lake, estuary and ocean was applied to Asan Bay to calculate tidal level, current flow and water temperature in this study and the measured values were compared and analyzed with the running results of this model. Grid system for EFDC model was developed by SMS program and the length of grid was 161.1 m through 960.9 m and the total number of grids was 1,872. Discharge flow rates from embankments of Asan and Sapgyo Lakes and four major tides(M₂, S₂, K₁, O₁) at Asan 05 site near Hwaong embankment were considered as boundary conditions. Simulation results revealed that the open boundary conditions where located in the north-west direction of Asan Bay are more sensitive than the boundary of Asan and Sapgyo Lakes. Root mean square errors(RMSE) of tidal level showed 0.4769 m and the recurrence of running results is a little high because the simulated current flow velocities followed the measured values. Water temperature for four seasons were well estimated since RMSE becomes 1.199℃. The model with fine grid system reflecting real geographical features of tidal area will guarantee improving tidal current and contaminants movement.

만성 경부통 환자의 재활 운동 프로그램 사례

김경섭(Kim, Kyung-Sub) 대한운동학회 2008 아시아 운동학 학술지 Vol.10 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 만성 경부통(Chronic Neck Disorders) 환자의 재활운동 프로그램사례를 제공하는데 있다. 연구의 대상은 6개월 이상의 경부통증을 호소하는 만성 경부통 환자 3명으로, 1명의 비 외상성 경부통 환자와, 교통사고로 인한 편타성 손상으로 경부통증을 호소하는 2명의 환자이다. 운동전 수 주간의 약물 및 물리치료를 통해 증상이 다소 개선된 상태지만 일상생활에서 경부통증으로 인해 불편함을 느끼고 있었다. 운동프로그램 참여와 동시에 모든 치료는 중단하였다. 운동프로그램은 8주간, 주 3회 약 90분간 실시되었으며, 유산소운동, 관절 가동성(mobility) 운동, 근 근막 이완 및 스트레칭, 경부안정화 운동, 감각운동(sensorimotor)기능향상 운동이 포함되었다. 각 환자의 체력 특성을 고려하여 운동이 실시되었고, 점증적으로 강도를 높여나갔다. 운동전 Visua lAnalogue Scale(VAS) 과 Neck Disability Index(NDI)를 측정한 결과 VAS 5.7, NDI 14.7로 중등도의 통증을 호소하였다. 과도한 양의 업무는 피하도록 권하였지만, 정상적인 일상 활동은 지속하도록 하였다. 재활센터에서의 운동과 병행하여 인체공학적인(ergonomic) 생활환경으로 바꾸도록 하였고, 바른 자세 유지와 스트레스 감소에 주안을 두었다. 4주후 VAS 4.3, NDI 10.2, 8주후 VAS 3.3 NDI 6.2로 각각 개선되었다. 환자들은 8주간의 꾸준한 재활운동을 통해 경부통증이 완화 되었으며, 일상생활에 불편함을 크게 느끼지 않았다. The purpose of this study is to provide the case of rehabilitation of exercise program for chronic neck disorders. The subjects are 1 nontraumatic patient and 2 whiplash injury patients who had chronic neck disorders for more than 6 months. While their symptoms had been improved with medications and physical therapy for several weeks, they still had a problem in their daily living because of neck pain. As soon as they participated in rehabilitation program, the others treatment were stoped. Rehabilitation of exercise program involved aerobic exercises, joint mobility exercises, muscle stretching, myofascial release, neck stability exercises and sensorimotor training, 3 times a week, 90 minutes, for 8weeks. Exercises were proceeded according to each patient s conditions and intensity was progressed gradually. Pre-x questionnaire score showed visual analogue scale(VAS) 5.7, neck disability index 14.7 as mild pain. Patients were advised to avoid excess works but go on their daily living. They changed ergonomic their lifestyle, correct posture and stress out as well as participation rehabilitation exercise program. After 4weeks and 8weeks, questionnaire score improved from VAS 4.3 and NDI 10.2 to VAS 3.3 and NDI 6.2 respectively. The symptoms of patients were relieved through 8weeks rehabilitation of exercise. program and they didn t complain any more discomfort in their daily life from neck.

웹 기반 오피스 건물 에너지 성능 평가모델 개발에 관한 연구

김경섭(Kim Kyung-Sub),이명식(Lee Myung-Sik) 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.2

People are getting information for office building through various medium. In spite of that necessity and heft of performance information of office building synthetic energy performance information system for office building is not consisting. In this paper, wish to propose web-based evaluation model for energy performance in office building. The web-based evaluation model allows an performance evaluation of office building energy in five main categories: (1)saving action for energy, (2)using action for waste-heat, (3)natural ventilation and energy design, (4)using action for high effectiveness equipment, (5)indoor amenities. These five categories produce the various quality indicators that make up the web-based evaluation model. By presenting the computerization model of office building energy performance evaluation model, wished to secure efficient criteria of performance information, objectivity and transparency and extend building performance assessment by practical user.

재포기 계수, 1차 생산율 및 호흡률을 이용한 하천의 용존산소 추정

김경섭(Kyung Sub Kim),황성규(Sung Gyu Hwang) 大韓環境工學會 2009 대한환경공학회지 Vol.31 No.6

용존산소는 하천의 중요한 수질관리 항목중의 하나로 1세기 전부터 언급되어 왔으며, 농도가 낮을 경우 물고기 폐사를 유발하기도 한다. 환경과학자 및 공학자들은 하천의 용존산소 파악을 위한 결정론적 모델을 제안하였으며, 용존산소가 공간적으로 변하지 않을 경우 적용 가능한 델타 방법(Delta Method), 근사 델타 방법(Approximate Delta Method), 극한값 방법(Extreme Value Method) 및 최적화 방법(Optimization Method)등을 소개하였다. 이 방법들은 주로 용존산소와 관련 있는 매개변수 즉, 재 포기 계수, 1차 생산율 및 호흡률 등을 산정하여, 이로부터 일주기 또는 년주기 용존산소를 파악한다. 본 논문에서는 용존산소 파악을 위한 각 방법을 간단히 소개하며, 안성천 유역의 금석천 및 안성천 본류, 두 지점에 적용하여 각 방법의 한계와 장·단점을 파악하였다. 이를 기초로 비용/효과적인 용존산소 파악 방법을 제안하였다. Dissolved oxygen is considered as one of the important water-quality constituents in streams from one century ago and fishes perish in low dissolved oxygen concentration. Environmental scientists and engineers have introduced the deterministic model to estimate dissolved oxygen concentration of streams and recommended the use of the Delta Method (DM), Approximate Delta Method (ADM), Extreme Value Method (EVM) and Optimization Method (OPT) which can be applied in no spatial variation of dissolved oxygen. The diurnal or annual variation of dissolved oxygen is mainly determined from the parameters such as reaeration rate, 1st production rate and respiration rate which are related to dissolved oxygen. Each method was briefly introduced and applied to two sampling sites of Anseong Stream watershed in this paper. The limitation, advantages and disadvantages of each method were reviewed and analyzed after running the each method. From these analyses, the benefit-cost approach to estimate dissolved oxygen effectively in streams was recommended.

Bootstrap 기법을 이용한 BOD 평균 농도 및 신뢰구간 분석

김경섭 ( Kyung Sub Kim ) 한국물환경학회 2010 한국물환경학회지 Vol.26 No.2

안성천 유역의 BOD농도 확률분포 특성

김경섭 ( Kyung Sub Kim ),안태진 ( Tae Jin Ahn ) 한국물환경학회 2009 한국물환경학회지 Vol.25 No.3

성층화 호수에서의 확산모델

김경섭 ( Kyung Sub Kim ) 한국물환경학회 1995 한국물환경학회지 Vol.11 No.3

A one-dimensional eddy diffusion model is developed and applied to simulate the vertical temperature profiles in lakes. Eddy diffusivity which does not need lake-specific fitting parameter is applied. The heat exchanges at the water surface and the bottom are formulated by the energy balance and zero energy gradient. Application of this model which uses explicit finite difference method demonstrates that the model efficiently simulates water temperatures.

확률분포를 이용한 남한강 보 건설 전·후 수질변화 분석

김경섭 ( Kyung Sub Kim ) 한국물환경학회(구 한국수질보전학회) 2019 한국물환경학회지 Vol.35 No.1

The Four Major Rivers Restoration Project started in 2009 and completed in early 2013 is a large-scale inter-ministry SOC project investing ₩22.2 10¹² and one of the Project’s objectives was to enhance the water-quality grade through recovering the river eco-system and environment. The average concentration and probability distribution of water-quality constituents at given and selected sampling sites are very significant elements for analyzing and controlling the water-quality of rivers or reservoirs effectively. Average concentration can be estimated by point estimator, distribution function of water-quality constituents or Bootstrap method, in which the distribution function estimated with more data in case of insufficient dataset, is applied. Ipo and Gangcheon water-quality monitoring stations in South Han River were selected to compare and analyze the variation of concentration before and after Ipo and Gangcheon Weirs construction, using the whole 4-year’s data, from 2005 to 2008 and from 2014 to 2017. Water-quality constituents such as BOD and COD relating to oxygen demanding wastes and TP and Chlorophyll-a relating to the process of nutrient enrichment called eutrophication were also selected. The guidelines for water-quality control and management after weir construction including evaluation of water-quality constituents’ variations can be presented by this paper.

태권도장 지도자의 회복탄력성과 직무스트레스의 관계에서 배경변인에 따른 조절효과

김경섭(Kim, Kyung-Sub),정명규(Jung, Myung-Kyu) 세계태권도문화학회 2021 세계태권도문화학회지 Vol.12 No.4

For this research, a detailed study was performed regarding the influential differences depending on the background of the Taekwondo instructors with a purposeful diversified analysis on their relationship between the resilience and job stress factors. In order to achieve the goals of the study, a total of 350 copies of data was collected from the population of Taekwondo instructors by using a NAVER FORM, which is an online survey platform, in consideration of the social distancing measures implemented in 2020 that have restricted face-to-face interviews. Following that, the frequency analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, CFA(or CFA model), reliability analysis, correlation analysis, MG CFA, SEM, and MGA were performed by applying the SPSS 26.0 & AMOS 21.0 to the final 310 copies of data that are considered to be valid for analysis. From the hypothesis verification, the study investigated the significant influence of the reduced job stress factors of the Taekwondo instructors related to the resilience along with the fact that the effectiveness was expressed in general regardless of the gender or position of the instructors.

An Implicit Eulerian - Lagrangian Solution of the Advection - Diffusion Equation

김경섭(Kyung Sub Kim) 大韓環境工學會 1995 대한환경공학회지 Vol.17 No.9