다양한 부호율로 펑처링된 터보 부호의 성능 비교

권이경,송홍엽 한국통신학회 1999 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.24 No.7

In this paper, the concept of puncturing is introduced to turbo code in order to implement various code as code rate varies.rates. First, several different puncturing matrices are applied into rate 1/3 encoder in order to produce various rate 1/2 turbo codes. By analyzing and comparing these results, we can show which puncturing pattern should be selected in order to maintain good performance. Second, we select some appropriate puncturing patterns which provide the best performance of turbo codes of various rates from 1/3 to 2/3 among all the possible candidates. Finally, we provide the change of required Eb/No at $P_b=10^{-4}$ as code rate varies. 본 논문에서는 다양한 부호율의 터보 부호를 생성하기 위하여 펑처링의 개념을 이용한다. 첫째, 부호율이 1/3일 때의 부호화기를 기준으로 서로 다른 펑처링 형태를 이용하여 부호율이 1/2인 터보 부호를 생성하고 그 성능을 비교, 분석함으로써 펑처링 형태 선택시 기준을 정한다. 둘째, 각각의 부호율에서 최적의 성능을 갖는 펑처링 형태를 가지고 부호율이 1/3에서 2/3사이의 13가지 부호율의 부호에 대한 성능을 제시한다. 결론적으로 부호율의 변화에 따라 Pb=10-4을 얻기 위해서 필요한 신호 대 잡음비의 변화를 제시한다.

다양한 부호율로 펑처링된 터보 부호의 성능 비교 ( Performance comparison of punctured turbo codes at various code rates )

권이경,송홍엽 한국통신학회 1998 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.17 No.3

상담종결경험, 사회적 지지, 자기효능감이 놀이치료자의 심리적 소진에 미치는 영향

권이경 ( Ei Kyung Kwon ),김광웅 ( Kwang Woong Kim ) 한국놀이치료학회 2005 한국놀이치료학회지(놀이치료연구) Vol.8 No.1

제도적 압력이 관료제적 조직구조에 미치는 영향: 한국 국공립대학과 사립대학 간의 차이를 중심으로

권보경(權?暻),이경은(李卿銀) 한국정부학회 2021 한국행정논집 Vol.33 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 제도적 압력이 관료제적 조직구조에 미치는 영향과 이에 대한 공·사 차이를 실증적으로 규명하는 것이다. 본 연구는 사회학적 제도주의 관점에서 DiMaggio와 Powell(1983)이 제시한 세 가지 동형화 압력(강제적, 규범적, 모방적 압력)과 관료제적 조직구조(수직적 분화, 집권화, 공식화)의 관계에 대하여 우리나라 대학을 대상으로 부트스트래핑(bootstrapping) 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 세 유형의 제도적 압력 중 모방적 압력이 관료제적 조직구조에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 모방적 압력은 수직적 분화와 공식화에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 반면, 집권화에는 부(-)의 영향을 미쳤다. 또한 제도적 압력과 관료제적 조직구조에 대해 공적 소유권의 조절효과를 탐색한 결과, 강제적 압력이 커질수록 계층적 분화가 이루어지는 경향은 국공립대학에서 더 강하게 나타났고, 모방적 압력이 커질수록 집권적 의사결정이 감소하는 현상은 사립대학에서 더 강하게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 국공립대학과 사립대학은 서로 다른 제도적 압력에 민감하다는 것을 시사하며, 이를 바탕으로 정책과 제도를 설계할 때 국공립대학과 사립대에 대하여 차별적인 접근이 이루어져야 함을 제안하였다. This study aims to analyze the effect of institutional pressures on bureaucratic structure and examine sectoral differences in Korean universities. Institutional pressures consist of coercive, mimetic, and normative pressure suggested by DiMaggio & Powell(1983). The findings with the method of bootstrapping regression analysis show mimetic pressure was the only significant factor, which had positive impact on vertical differentiation and formalization whereas negative effect on centralization. Moreover, there was a partial moderation effect between public and private sector. Coercive pressure induced more hierarchical differentiation in public universities than that of the private. In contrast, for private universities, mimetic pressure had more negative impact on centralization compared with public universities. These results indicate that public and private universities respond to different types of institutional pressures, furthermore imply sectoral difference may be considered in the situation of organizational policy and structural design.

괴상형 간세포암 동시 간동맥 항암-방사선요법으로 부분관해 획득 후 근치적 간절제술을 시행한 간세포암

권지숙 ( Jee Suk Kwon ),박우영 ( Woo Young Park ),이경인 ( Kyung In Lee ),이정은 ( Jeong Eun Lee ),김은수 ( Eun Soo Kim ),장병국 ( Byoung Kuk Jang ),정우진 ( Woo Jin Chung ),박경식 ( Kyung Sik Park ),조광범 ( Kwang Bum Cho ),황재 대한간암학회 2009 대한간암학회지 Vol.9 No.-

Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein thrombosis is not suitable candidates for surgical treatment at the most of diagnosis because of poor liver function, extensive tumor involvement of the liver, vascular involvement, and/or intra/extrahepatic metastasis. We attempted localized concurrent chemo-radiation therapy (CCRT) in patients having locally advanced HCC with left and main portal vein thrombosis. We report a case of locally advanced HCC patient who became surgically resectable by downstaging after localized CCRT. Localized CCRT was performed with a total radiation dose of 5,040 cGy (180 cGy×28 times) and hepatic arterial infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, 250 mg/day) and cisplatin (10 mg/day) for 5 days via implantable port system during the second and the fifth weeks of the radiotherapy. Marked contraction of HCC was noted on follow up computerized tomography (CT) after localized CCRT, and subsequently surgical resection with curative aim was performed. He was gave a additional transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) because follow up CT revealed intrahepatic metastasis at subcapsular portion of right hepatic lobe after 3 months of operation. The patient is in complete remission status without recurrence to date.

Fully Automated System for Rapid Enrichment and Precise Detection of Enterobacteria Using Magneto-Electrochemical Impedance Measurements

권기록,윤태희,곽호경,이경연,현경아,정효일 한국바이오칩학회 2021 BioChip Journal Vol.15 No.3

The contamination of food and drinking water by bacteria that cause food poisoning is a critical public health issue. In general, the procedures for testing the presence of pathogenic bacteria in public is not very effective, because it is time consuming and does not facilitate real-time monitoring in a field setting. Therefore, this study introduced a fully automated platform that would allow non-experts to easily examine the major food poisoning bacteria in a field setting, from pretreatment samples to fi nal detection. Two enterobacteria species, of four different bacteria species (i.e., Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium) were successfully immobilized on the surface of magnetic beads by exploiting the specific binding force with mannose. Subsequently, magneto-electrochemical impedance measurement technology allowed bacterial detection with a high sensitivity. E. coli, typical enterobacteria, was detected in 25 min with a detection limit of 100 CFU/mL. Moreover, we demonstrated that the automatic performance and the experimental consistency was greatly improved in comparison with those of manually conducted experiments.

Analysis of Prescriptions Not Recommended for Concomitant Use

이경아,김재송,손은선,권경희 한국병원약사회 2019 병원약사회지 Vol.36 No.2

In accordance with the drug utilization review program developed in 2004, a single general hospital of 2,400 beds instituted prescription control of the drug combinations to avoid (DCA) in 2006. However, in order to treat certain patients, it is necessary to use some of these drugs together. Therefore, this study was conducted for the purpose of guiding safe drug use by analyzing prescriptions, monitoring rates, and the incidence of personal injury for DCA selectively allowed by the hospital’s Committee of‘ Medication Management and Use’. This study was conducted on patients administered DCA during a hospitalization period from August 1, 2016, to July 31, 2017, in a single general hospital in Korea. Prescription status, monitoring status, and the occurrence of drug interactions were reviewed in the medical records retrospectively. As a result, among the DCA designated by the MFDS (Korea Ministry of Food and Drug Safety), 306 cases of 17 combinations were used during the one-year study period. Of the total prescriptions, followup monitoring occurred in 110 cases (35.9%) and there were 42 (13.7%) adverse drug events (ADE). However, since 176 cases (57.5%) were not monitored, ADEs were not identified in those patients. In addition, the DCA prescription rate for children and the elderly, who have a high probability for ADEs, was 38.2% (117 cases) and 12.1% (37 cases), respectively, and accounted for 50.3% of all cases. Prescribing DCA is highly likely to cause harm to patients. Although it should be accompanied by follow- up monitoring, a low monitoring rate was observed in this study. Therefore, additional measures are needed, such as follow-up by the pharmacist. In particular, it is necessary to concentrate on children and the elderly. This study has significance, not only in its analysis of DCA prescriptions but also for post-management, which offers a basis for safer drug use.

하천수 정화를 위한 시화인공습지의 초기 수질 정화능

권순국,이경도,조영현,김성배,전기설,Kwun, Soon-Kuk,Lee, Kyung-Do,Cho, Young-Hyun,Kim, Song-Bae,Cheon, Gi-Seol 한국농공학회 2005 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.47 No.1

A prototype surface flow constructed wetland was built in the upstream area of Sihwa reclaimed tidal lands to improve the water quality of Lake Sihwa by treating severely polluted stream water. In this study, we monitored hydrology, macrophyte (Phragmites communis Trin,) growth, and water quality in the Banwol and Donghwa wetlands to evaluate their performance during the initial period after the completion of wetland construction, The average removal efficiency($\%$) in each wetland was relatively low compared with the performance data from the North America Wetland Treatment System Database (NADB), which mainly includes urban sewage-treatment wetlands. However, the average removal rates per unit area ($g/m^{2}/day$) were 0.72, 0.72 and 0.51 (BOD), 2,04, 2.46 and 0.70 (SS), 0.89, 0.43 and 1.09 (TN) and 0.02, 0.02 and 0.02 (TP) in the Banwol and Donghwa wetlands and NADB, respectively. The overall performance of the Banwol and Donghwa wetlands was within the expected range of the wetland system processes contributing the reduction of the pollutant load to Lake Sihwa during the initial period of wetland operation. Considering the low influent concentration, high hydraulic loading rate, and insufficient macrophyte growth since the wetland was constructed, better performance is expected if an improved operational scheme is adopted.

고등학교 육상 선수와 수영선수의 체격 및 영양섭취 칼로리 분석

권태동(Tae Dong Kwon),이경석(Kyung Suk Lee) 한국발육발달학회 2004 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.12 No.4

High school runners (n=40) and swimmers (n=40) were participated in this experiment to analyze their physique, skinfolds thickness, circumference, and calorie intake. Caloric intake data were obtained for an week using 24 hour recall method. The span was statistically significant between groups (p<.05). In addition, body weight, % body fat, lean body mass, and total body water were statistically significant between groups (p<.05). Among the items of the skinfolds thickness, chest, biceps, subscapular, and thigh back were statistically significant between groups (p<.05). Moreover, chest and abdominal girth were statistically significant between groups (p<.05). However, caloric intake ratio was not statistically significant between groups. These results suggested that adolescent athletes, especially runner and swimmer, were not given sufficient caloric intake compared with the national team as suggested by other researchers. Therefore, adolescent players given more caloric food, especially protein and carbohydrate, during maturation periods.

담도염으로 오인된 십이지장 게실염 1예

권영란,조광범,김은수,박경식,김민정,김경훈,이정은,이경인 대한소화기내시경학회 2010 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.41 No.3

The duodenum ranks second to the colon as the most common site of diverticulosis in the gastrointestinal tract with a prevalence of more than 20%. It is usually asymptomatic, and rarely requires treatments for complications, including diverticulitis, hemorrhage, and luminal obstructions. Unlike diverticulosis, duodenal diverticulitis is extremely rare. Given that the radiological appearance and clinical presentation of duodenal diverticulitis often mimic those of pancreaticobiliary neoplasms or inflammations, it is a challenge for clinicians to diagnose it correctly, which often leads to misdiagnosis and inappropriate management. Here we report a case of a 69 year-old female patient with duodenal diverticulitis, whose clinical symptoms and radiological images were similar to those of acute cholangitis. We also briefly review the literature. 십이지장은 대장에 이어 두 번째로 게실이 많이 발생하는 부위로 20% 이상의 빈도를 가진다. 십이지장 게실은 대부분 무증상이나 드물게 감염이나 출혈, 총담관 폐쇄, 시술과 관련된 천공 등의 합병증을 일으키는데 십이지장 게실염은 발생률이 낮아서 보고가 드물다. 십이지장 게실염은 임상 증상이나 방사선학적 소견이 췌담도 염증성 질환과 종양 등과 유사한 소견을 보여 오인되기 쉬우며, 감별진단에서도 일반적으로 고려되지 않는 경향이 있기 때문에 진단이 쉽지 않다. 저자들은 하루간의 우상복부통증, 발열, 오한 증세로 내원한 69세 여자에서 담도염을 의심하여 내시경역행성담췌관조영술 중 바터팽대부 주위의 십이지장 게실염을 확인 후 내시경유두괄약근절개술을 통한 게실 입구의 확장과 게실 배액 및 세척을 하여 호전을 보인 증례를 경험하여 보고한다.