청소년기 ICR 생쥐에서 비선택적 산화질소 생성 효소 억제제인 L-NAME이 구속 스트레스 후의 행동양식과 해마에서의 GDNF 발현에 미치는 영향

권광준,변종선,이재원,전완주,김성수,이희제 대한정신약물학회 2012 대한정신약물학회지 Vol.23 No.1

Objective Depending on genetic or environmental effects over adolescent development, typical behavioral responses come out in adolescence. Also, alteration of nitric oxide (NO) levels in the brain has been associated with modifications of stress related behavior. Present study was designed to investigate the possible influence of chronic stress from restraint on the generation of depression in adolescent mice, and also to evaluate whether NO has modulatory roles in the behavioral and biological reactions. Methods ICR mice exposed to stressful restraint, 2 h per day, was treated with NG-nitro L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (10 mg/kg), a non-selective NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor. To evaluate depression-like behavior in the mice, forced swim test and open field test were performed after the last restraint. To investigate stress-induced changes in the expression level of glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), free-floating immunohistochemistry was performed. Results The results showed that stressed group has longer immobility time and less crossing number in forced swimming and open field test, and that these stress responses were significantly prevented by L-NAME. Furthermore, decreased GDNF expression in the hippocampus by stress was prevented to that of controls within the L-NAME treated group. Conclusion The results suggest that stress and NO signaling could be involved in generation of depression in adolescence. It also suggested that GDNF might contribute to prevent stress-related behaviors. 산화질소는 신경전달물질 가운데 하나로 알려져 있으며 환경에 따라 의존적으로 유리 농도가 결정된다. 또한 유리 농도에 따라 다양한 반응들을 나타내는 것으로 알려져 있다. 그 중 스트레스는 산화질소의 유리를 증가시키는 것으로 알려져 있으며 스트레스 관련 행동양식과도 밀접한 관계가 있다. 산화질소를 생성하는 효소로는 NOS가 있으며, 아형으로는 eNOS, nNOS, iNOS가 있다. L-NAME은 비특이적으로 이들 NOS의 기능을 억제하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 구속 스트레스 동물 모델에서 스트레스 관련 동물행동 양식과 해마에서의 생물학적 변화 등을 통해 NO의 영향을 살펴보고자 하였다. L-NAME 투여군에서 스트레스 군보다 강제 수영 시험에서 부동시간이 유의하게 감소하였으며 이동 칸 수도 증가하였다. 이 결과들을 통해 L-NAME이 스트레스에 의해 유발된 행동들을 억제하는 것으로 보여진다. 뇌 해마에서 아교세포 유래 신경생장인자(GDNF)의 발현은 스트레스 군에서는 감소하나 L-NAME 투여군에서는 대조군과 유사하였다. 위 결과들을 통해 청소년기의 ICR 생쥐에서 NO 신호전달체계가 중요하게 작용하는 것으로 사료된다.

하악 과두골절에 관한 임상적 연구: 효과적인 체외고정법

권광준,정지훈,김지혁,박영욱,Kwon, Kwang-Jun,Chung, Ji-Hun,Kim, Ji-Hyuck,Park, Young-Wook 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2008 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.30 No.4

Purpose: Fractures of the mandibular condyle accounts for 15% to 30% of all the mandibular fractures and lots of complications are reported. Among these complications, condylar resorption is the most important one to be taken into account. The purpose of this study is evaluating condylar resorption pattern in relation to extracorporeal fixation technique. Patients & methods: Thirty four patients with 42 mandibular condylar fractures were retrospectively examined with an average follow-up of 18.5 months (6-66 months). Male/female ratio is 27 males (7 bilateral cases) and 7 females (1 bilateral case). Applicated surgical techniques were extracorporeal fixation via submandibular approach and extracorporeal fixation via intraoral approach. We compared radiographic views of post-operative periods with that of most long term follow up in 34 operated sites respectively. Result: There were 2 generalized condylar resorption sites and 3 partial resorption sites with clinical implications. Others (29 joints) showed good healing or satisfactory adaptive state of temporomandibular joints clinically. Radiologically, signs of partial condylar resorption and/or osteoarthrosis were diagnosed in 11 patients. But, 8 out of the 11 patients didn't show significant clinical symptoms, which means successful adaptive remodeling of the surgically located condylar head. Conclusion: From the above results, intentional ramal osteotomy, temporary detachment of the fractured condyle and extracorporeal fixation technique seems to be effective and useful in those cases of condylar fractures in which reduction of the dislocated condyle is very difficult or virtually impossible.

가토 두개골 결손 모델에서 실크단백과 나노하이드록시아파타이트, 옥수수 녹말 복합물을 이용한 골 이식재 개발

박용태,권광준,박영욱,김성곤,김찬우,조유영,권해용,강석우,Park, Yong-Tae,Kwon, Kwang-Jun,Park, Young-Wook,Kim, Seong-Gon,Kim, Chan-Woo,Jo, You-Young,Kweon, Hae-Yong,Kang, Seok-Woo 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2011 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.33 No.6

Purpose: This study evaluated the capability of bone formation with silk fibroin/nano-hydroxyapatite/corn starch composite scaffold as a bone defect replacement matrix when grafted in a calvarial bone defect of rabbits $in$ $vivo$. Methods: Ten New Zealand white rabbits were used for this study and bilateral round-shaped defects were formed in the parietal bone (diameter: 8.0 mm). The silk fibroin 10% nano-hydroxyapatite/30% corn starch/60% composite scaffold was grafted into the right parietal bone (experimental group). The left side (control group) was grafted with a nano-hydroxyapatite (30%)/corn starch (70%) scaffold. The animals were sacrificed at 4 weeks and 8 weeks. A micro-computerized tomography (${\mu}CT$) of each specimen was taken. Subsequently, the specimens were decalcified and stained with Masson's trichrome for histological and histomorphometric analysis. Results: The average ${\mu}CT$ and histomorphometric measures of bone formation were higher in the control group than in the experimental group at 4 weeks and 8 weeks after surgery though not statistically significant ($P$ >0.05). Conclusion: The rabbit calvarial defect was not successfully repaired by silk fibroin/nano-hydroxyapatite/corn starch composite scaffold and may have been due to an inflammatory reaction caused by silk powder. In the future, the development of composite bone graft material based on various components should be performed with caution.

마우스에서 확립된 타액선 동위종양에서 혈관성 전이관련 인자의 발현

장재현,권광준,박영욱,Jang, Jae-Hyun,Kwon, Kwang-Jun,Park, Young-Wook 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2007 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.29 No.6

Background and Purpose: Some subtypes of malignant salivary gland tumors such as adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) frequently result in distant metastasis of vascular origin, which are main causes of treatment failure. The reasons for the affinity for vascular metastatic potential are unclear. Therefore, molecular characteristics that influence the dissemination of metastatic tumor cells are important for the design of more effective treatment of salivary ACC. Tumor angiogenesis has been known to be essential for the distant metastasis of malignant cells. So, we determined expressions of vascular metastasis related factors in orthotopic (parotid) murine models of parotid ACC and compared with those in ectopic (subcutis) tumors of athymic mice. Experimental Design: Using specimens from murine parotid (orthotopic, experimental group) and subcutaneous (ectopic, control group) tumors, which have developed via transplantation of tumor cells, originated from human parotid ACC, we performed immunohistochemical assays with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF, FGF2), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, and interleukin (IL)-8 antibodies. We also performed immunohistochemical assays with VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-1, VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, and phosphorylated VEGFR-2. Results: Transplantation of human ACC tumor cell $(5{\times}10^5)$ into the parotid and subcutis successfully resulted in orthotopic (parotid) and ectopic (subcutaneous) tumors in athymic mice. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated higher expression of major angiogenic factors (VEGF, bFGF, MMP-9) in the orthotopic tumors than in ectopic tumors (P<0.05). But the expression level of angiogenic receptors were same in orthotopic and ectopic tumors of parotid ACC. Conclusion: VEGF, bFGF, and MMP-9 could be a good candidates for antiangiogenic therapy for the contol of vascular metastatic lesions of salivary ACC.

구강악안면수술을 위한 악하 기관 삽관 -증례보고-

김성민,권광준,Kim, Soung-Min,Kwon, Kwang-Jun The Korean Dental Society of Anesthsiology 2004 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Vol.4 No.2

구강저를 통한 기관내 삽관은 1986년 Altemir에 의해 처음 소개된 바 있는데 그 후 1993년 Hoenig와 Braun 및 같은 해 Stoll 등에 의해서나, 또는 1996년 Prochno 등에 의해 계속 변형된 방법으로 문헌에서 기술되어 왔다. 이 방법은 치과 영역 특히 구강악안면외과의 외상수술시 이상적인 교합을 얻기 위해 임시 상하악간 고정(intermaxillary fixation)을 할 수 있고 중안모 골절(midface fracture)의 회복을 위한 비관 삽관의 불편함을 피할 수 있는 유리한 점이 있으며, 또한, 정복 및 고정술이 필요한 비골 골절(nasal bone fracture)에서나 두개기저골 골절(skull base fracture)에서 여러 감염 등 합병증을 피하기 위해 추천될 수 있다. 또한, 목 부위에 비심미적인 반흔을 만들게 되며 여러 합병증을 초래할 수 있는 기관절개술(tracheostomy)보다 유용할 수 있다. 본 증례보고에서는 교통사고로 두개기저부 골절을 동반한 심한 중안모 골절 환자에서 적용시킨 경우를 알아보고, 아울러 이러한 악하부 삽관의 장, 단점 및 시술 과정 등에 대해 고찰해보고자 한다.

구강암에서 림프관형성 인자의 발현에 관한 면역조직화학적 연구

박영욱,권광준,이종원,Park, Young-Wook,Kwon, Kwang-Jun,Lee, Jong-Won 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2010 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.32 No.1

Background and Purpose: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C and VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-3 are involved in tumor lymphangiogenesis. Oral mucosal squamous cell carcinoma (OMSCC) preferentially metastasizes to cervical lymph nodes, so we investigated the expression and distribution of VEGFR-3 signaling proteins in OMSCC. Materials and Methods: Tissue samples of 18 OMSCC, 10 oral mucosal leukoplakia, and 3 normal oral mucosa were evaluated for expression of VEGF-C, VEGF-D, and VEGFR-3 by immunohistochemical staining. The presence of lymphatic vessels was determined using D2-40 staining, by which we also measured lymphatic vessel density (LVD). Results: 72% (13/18) and 56% (10/18) of tissue samples showed VEGF-C and VEGF-D immunopositivity in tumor cells and tumor-associated endothelial cells. VEGFR-3 was also expressed in most of OMSCC, which was up-regulated when compared with normal mucosa or with leukoplakia. Furthermore, LVD was higher in OMSCC than in leukoplakia. Conclusion: Taken together, our results suggest that autocrine activation of lymphatic endothelial cell via VEGFR-3 by VEGF-C and/or VEGF-D could be involved in progression of OMSCC. Therefore, VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 signaling pathway can be a molecular target for anti-metastatic therapy in OMSCC.

법랑모세포성 섬유치아종에 대한 면역조직화학적 연구

박영욱,권광준 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2003 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.25 No.4

Ameloblastic fibroodontoma is a mixed odontogenic tumor in very rare occurrence that is composed of proliferating ectodermal mesenchymal component of odontogenic tissues such as enamel and dentin. Its frequency is about 2 percents of all odontogenic tumors, and it usually does not lead to pain. Therefore, it may be unexpectedly detected on gradual facial asymmetry or examination of unerupted tooth. And displacement of teeth have also been frequently reported. Most of ameloblastic fibroodontomas develop in average age of 10 years and rarely occurs in older person. The difference between sexes is similar, and are equally affected on maxilla and mandible, posterior prevalence is also showed. First case is unexpectedly detected in a 17 years-old male on examination of unerupted tooth and the second case is developed in a 13-yeas-old female who showed an asymptomatic swelling of left midfacial area. Each patient is tentatively diagnosed as a ameloblastic fibroodontomas and a genign tumor. Surgical encleation under general anesthesia was performed. the posroperative histologic diagnosis was ameloblastic fibroodontomas. No recurrances and good healing were showed during follow up period of 4 and 3 years from the encleation of the tumor. Now we present two cases of ameloblastic fibroodontomas with differential diagnosis and immunohistochemical charateristics.

Surgery-first approach reduces the overall treatment time without damaging long-term stability in the skeletal class III correction: a preliminary study

박영욱,권광준,강예진,장인산 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2021 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.43 No.-

Background: Compared to the conventional approach, including preoperative orthodontic preparation, the socalled surgery-first approach (SFA) seems to reduce the overall treatment time in the correction of skeletal class IIIdentofacial deformity. However, there have been controversies about postoperative skeletal stability with SFA. Therefore, we investigated the long-term stability and the overall treatment time after maxillomandibular surgeryfor skeletal class III correction with or without preoperative orthodontic preparation. Methods: This retrospective study included eight patients who underwent maxillomandibular surgery for class IIIcorrection with the SFA (SFA group) and 20 patients who underwent the conventional approach (CA group). Acomparative study of the change in the maxillary and mandibular position on preoperative (T1), 1-day (T2), 6-month(T3), and 2-year (T4) postoperative lateral cephalograms. We calculated the overall treatment time for each group. Results: At the presurgical stage (T1), there was no bias in the skeletal features between the two groups. In the surgicalchange from T1 to T2, the mandible (point B) of the CA group was significantly moved superiorly. Short-term changesfrom T2 to T3 revealed that the mandible moved forward in both groups, whereas the maxillary position showed nosignificant changes. Long-term changes from T3 to T4 demonstrated that none of the measured parameters showedany significant differences. Finally, the average of overall treatment time was 15.1 months in the SFA group and 26.0months in the CA group. Conclusions: These findings suggest that SFA in bimaxillary orthognathic surgery for skeletal class III correction leadsto predictable long-term skeletal stability, similar to surgery with CA. Furthermore, SFA reduced the overall treatmenttime compared to CA

Maternal Social Separation of Adolescent Rats Induces Hyperactivity and Anxiolytic Behavior

곽형렬,이재원,권광준,강창돈,정일영,전완주,김성수,이희제 대한약리학회 2009 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.13 No.2

Exposure to early stressful adverse life events such as maternal and social separation plays an essential role in the development of the nervous system. Adolescent Sprague-Dawley rats that were separated on postnatal day 14 from their dam and litters (maternal social separation, MSS) showed hyperactivity and anxiolytic behavior in the open field test, elevated plus-maze test, and forced-swim test. Biologically, the number of astrocytes was significantly increased in the prefrontal cortex of MSS adolescent rats. The hyperactive and anxiolytic phenotype and biological alteration produced by this MSS protocol may provide a useful animal model for investigating the neurobiology of psychiatric disorders of childhood-onset diseases, such as attention deficient hyperactive disorder.

가토의 두개 결손부에서의 실크 단백질과 platelet-rich fibrin (PRF)의 골형성 효과

송지영,권해용,권광준,박영욱,김성곤,Song, Ji-Young,Kweon, Hae-Yong,Kwon, Kwang-Jun,Park, Young-Wook,Kim, Seong-Gon 대한구강악안면외과학회 2010 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.36 No.4

Introduction: This study evaluated the bone regenerative effect of silk fibroin mixed with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) of a bone defect in rabbits. Materials and Methods: Ten New Zealand white rabbits were used for this study and bilateral round shaped defects were formed in the parietal bone (diameter: 8.0 mm). The silk fibroin mixed with PRF was grafted into the right parietal bone (experimental group). The left side (control group) was grafted only PRF. The animals were sacrificed at 4 weeks and 8 weeks. A micro-computerized tomography (${\mu}$CT) of each specimen was taken. Subsequently, the specimens were decalcified and stained for histological analysis. Results: The average value of plane film analysis was higher in the experimental group than in the control group at 4 weeks and 8weeks after surgery. However, the difference was not statistically significant.(P>0.05) The tissue mineral density (TMD) in the experimental group at 4 weeks after surgery was significantly higher than the control group.(P<0.05) Conclusion: Silk fibroin can be used as a scaffold of PRF for rabbit calvarial defect repair.