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12차 통신사 필담집의 특징-對禮餘藻의 주자학 담론을 중심으로-
구영진 열상고전연구회 2009 열상고전연구 Vol.29 No.-
1811년의 12차 통신사행은 조선시대 마지막 통신사로서 역지되고 축소된 와해와 변질의 통신사로, 혹은 믿음의 교류로, 반대로 비교린적 폐쇄적 교류로 다양하게 이해되었다. 필담집 「대례여조」는 사상적 변화 속에 새롭게 등장한 일본의 관정 주자학자들과 개국 이래 400년간 주자학의 적통임을 자부하던 조선의 사행원들 간의 필담 창화한 내용의 일본 측 기록이다. 「대례여조」에서 이들 간의 주자학 담론을 살핌으로 조일의 다른 함의의 주자학의 실상과 양국이 얻고자 한 바를 읽을 수 있으리라 생각하며 그것은 12차 통신사행의 특징을 읽는 한 방법이 될 것이다. 19세기초 마지막 통신사행의 주자학 담론에는 일본 측의 주자학으로의 변화를 천명함과 조선 측의 환영하는 태도로 우호적인 분위기와 공경과 신의의 공감대를 형성하고 있다. 그러나 주자학 담론에서 양측은 서로 다른 관심과 함의를 가지고 대화하고 있었다. 일본은 행동의 실제에 적용하는 문제에 관심을 드러내고 있었고 조선은 개인적 수기(修己)의 문제로 해명하고자 하는 태도를 나타내고 있었다. 즉, 조선은 주자학의 형이상학을 더 깊이 추구한 도덕론의 강조로 나아가고 일본은 주자학의 형이하학에 치중하여 사회적 윤리를 세우기 위한 치세론으로 나아간 주자학 담론의 장이었던 것을 알 수 있다. 이렇게 다른 주자학의 담론 가운데서 양측의 기대도 각자 다른 것이었다. 서로 다른 함의의 주자학 담론을 알아차린 조선 측에서는 굳이 지적하지 않고 조선의 주자학적 영향이 계속되기를 기대하고 있었고, 일본 측에서는 빈주읍양의 예로 접대하는데 주자학 담론을 활용함으로써 일본의 높아진 국체를 기대하고 있었음을 짐작할 수 있다.
구영진,이윤주,이명현,윤석영 대한금속·재료학회 2022 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.60 No.9
With the development of additive manufacturing technology, many types of materials are being utilized, and methods of printing the materials and characteristics of their hydration properties are being studied in the fields of construction and biotechnology. Tricalcium silicate (C3S), which is used as a cement material or biomaterial, is a representative hydraulic material. In previous research, scaffolds were printed via fused deposition modeling and the deformation properties during the hydration process of the printed scaffold were investigated. C3S, like ceramic materials, requires post-processing such as curing after printing, and volumetric deformation occurs during this process. Deformation information is very important to ensure the numerical value of the final product, as well as to suppress the possibility of deformation. In this study, silica, hydroxyapatite (HA), and alumina were mixed with three types of fillers to print a C3S support, which was then cured through a two-step process. In this process, HA and silica, which have good hydrophilicity, exhibited high strength due to the suppression of scaffold deformation. It was confirmed that the smaller the particle size, the more effective it was in obtaining a stable hydrated print.
Sol-Gel방법에 의해서 성장시킨PbTiO₃박막의 결정화와 물리적 성질
구영진,강민진,정원태,김태현,김상수 昌原大學校 基礎科學硏究所 2000 基礎科學硏究所論文集 Vol.12 No.-
Ferroelectric PbTiO3 thin films coated on SiO2/Si(100) and ITO glass substrates were prepared by sol-gel processing of metal alkoxide solutions and solvents. The use of sol-gel method for preparing various functional films makes it possible for the homogeneous distribution of elements at the molecular level, precise composition control, lower temperature synthesis, large surface coating and high optical quality. First of all, the XRD investigation shows that perovskite phase of polycrystalline PbTiO3 was formed by four times coating of the concentrated solution and by the heat treatment over 500, 600℃(O2 gas and air) and over 10, 20, 30 min. Surfaces of thin films were crack-free and uniform and the average grain size investigated by SEM was 0.25∼1.00 ㎛. Dielectric constant of PbTiO3/ITO glass thin film were 380 ∼ 5.25 in the region of 1 kHz∼ 10 MHz at room temperature(30℃), respectively. From the hysteresis loop of PbTiO3/ITO glass thin film, a remnant polarization of 0.382 μC/cm2 and a coercive filed of 23.85 kV/cm were obtained. At the frequency(5 kHz), C-V measurements of films in MFIS and MFM configurations showed well-behaved C-V characteristics and an injection type hysteresis. The capacitance of flat band(CFB) was 60 pF. The band gap energies of the thin films depend on the assumption of direct or indirect transition. Using one layer structure model, we calculated refractive index, extinction coefficient, absorption coefficient and band gap energy of thin film in the wavelength range of 300 to 800 nm. The band gap energy, refractive index and extinction coefficient at λ = 6325 Å of the PbTiO3 thin film were 3.7 eV, 1.96 and 0.1 respectively.
구영진,이명현,윤석영,이윤주 대한금속·재료학회 2022 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.60 No.4
3D printing technology has advanced rapidly over the last decade. However, for ceramic materials, drying and sintering steps are required after printing, and excessive shrinkage that occurs during these steps is a major factor that has hindered the development of the ceramic 3D printing technology. In this study, a non-sintering ceramic 3D printing method was developed using a hydraulic material to overcome the size deformation issue encountered during the post-processing of a scaffold-type printed green body. The deformation characteristics occurring during the curing process were confirmed. Tricalcium silicate (C3S) and tricalcium aluminate (C3A), which are well-known hydraulic materials, were selected. They were prepared into a printable paste by mixing with a viscous hydrophilic oil such as polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol, which helped the printout survive without collapse while it was cured. The scaffold was printed by Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), which is the simplest and most economical printing method, and was cured by immersion in a water bath. The hydrated scaffold of the C3S/C3A mixture exhibited a smaller strain than the scaffold of the single materials, and the deformation amount depended on the printing direction. Remarkably, a scaffold with the smallest deformation, of less than 1%, and the highest compressive strength was obtained with a C3S/C3A mixing ratio of 65/35.