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특수 유색미, 향류미 및 한국 재래종 벼 종자의 층위별 항산화 및 간보호 활성
곽태순(Tae-Soon Kwak),박희준(Hee-Juhn Park),정원태(Won-Tae Jung),최종원(Jong-Won Choi) 한국식품영양과학회 1999 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.28 No.1
한국 재래종 벼 15품종의 쌀을 세 층, L₁층(중심부부터 92%이상), L₂층(중심부로부터 81-91%), L₃층(중심부로부터 80%이하)로 나누어 항산화활성과 간보호활성 및 ferulic acid 함량 평가를 위한 재료로 사용하였다. 갈락토사민을 투여한 흰쥐에서 이들 세 층의 시료를 급여함으로써 혈중 MDA를 측정함으로써 항산화활성을 측정하였다. 그 결과 anthocyanin을 함유하는 수원 425호 및 상해향혈나의 품종이 가장 높은 항산화활성을 나타내었다. 또한 간보호활성을 측정하기 위하여 ALT 및 AST의 활성을 측정했을 때 L₁층에서만 몇몇 품종에서 활성이 나타났다. 따라서 쌀의 생리활성 물질의 표면 부위에 집중적으로 분포함을 알았다. 간보호활성의 경우에도 수원 425호 품종이 가장 강한 효과를 나타내었다. Ferulic acid의 함량 평가에서도 표면으로부터 안으로 진입할수록 급격히 감소함을 알 수 있었다. 결과적으로 수원 425호의 품종은 건강미의 개발을 위한 중요한 대상이 될 수 있는 것으로 평가되었다. Fifteen varieties of Oryza sativa mainly including those of Korean native rice were exactly cutted into three layers such as L₁layer(the outer part of 92% from rice center), L₂layer(the part of 81~91% from the rice center) and L₃layer(the inner part of 80% from the rice center) We biologically evaluated the antioxidative effect on the every layer(L₁, L₂and L₃) of all the varieties, by observing malondialdehyde (MDA) produced by galactosamine in the mouse. L₁layer of some varieties showed significant antioxidative effect, while L₂- and L₃layer didn′t show the activity. It was also suggested that coloured rice(Suwon 425 and Sanggaehangbyeolna) showed stronger activity than other general rices, probably due to high contents of anthocyanins. Successively, we evaluated antihepatotoxic effect, based on the determination of serum ALT- and AST activity. Some varieties of only L₁layer, except for L₂and L₃layer, significantly decreased the serum ALT- and AST activity. This finding indicate that oral diet of some raw rice are able to protect hepatotoxicities. Among all the samples tested, L₁layer of Suwon 425 showed the strongest antihepatotoxic effect. From quantitative analysis on ferulic acid derivatives, it was found that the more it enters from the surface into the rice center, the more those secondary metabolites contents were highly reduced. These findings above suggested that Suwon 425 could be a promising candidate for the development of health rice food.
水稻品種의 二面交雜에 依한 量的形質의 遺傳分析 Ⅱ. 자포니카 水稻品種의 收量 및 收量構成形質에 대한 組合能力
Tae Soon Kwak(郭泰淳),Byung Tae Jun(田炳泰),Soo Yeon Cho(趙守衍),Rae Kyeong Park(朴來敬) 한국육종학회 1988 한국육종학회지 Vol.20 No.4
The general combining ability and specific combining ability of yield and yield components such as no.of panicles per hill, no.of spikelets per panicle, 1000-grain weight, and grain ripened ratio were studied on F₁ and F₂ generations of 15 crosses from the partial diallel cross of 6 Japonica rice varieties. The effects of GCA and SCA were significant for yield and yield component characters and the GCA of yield component characters was greater than SCA, but SCA of yield was greater than GCA. The effects of GCA and SCA were different from generations and characters. The GCA and SCA effects of yield and no.of spikelets per panicle were quite great. Rice varieties, RAC 3 and Samnambyeo as parents were quite effective for increasement of no of spikelets per panicle but crosses which had Shin 2 as female parent showed positive greater SCA effects. There were significant correlations between generations in variance and ranks of parental GCA effects of no.of panicles per hill, but non-significant to yield which has consisted by multiple characters such as yield component characters.
水稻品種의 二面交雜에 의한 量的形質의 遺傳分析 Ⅰ. 자포니카 水稻品種의 雜種强勢 및 主要形質間의 相關
Tae Soon Kwak(郭泰淳),Byung Tae Jun(田炳泰),Soo Yeon Cho(趙守衍),Rae Kyeong Park(朴來敬) 한국육종학회 1988 한국육종학회지 Vol.20 No.2
This work has been performed to get the useful informations regarding the degree of heterosis and correlations between quantitative characters related to sink and source in Japonica rice varieties. Heterosis for days to flowering in F1 generation was mostly significant to late maturing, however, cross combination in which Ishiokamochi 7 crossed with Shin # 2 showed hetersois for days to flowering to early maturing. Degree of heterosis for culm length in F1 was greater than that of in F2 generation and the direction of heterosis and heterobeltiosis was tall culm length in case of cross combination in which Ishiokamochi 7 crossed with Samnambyeo. Almost all F1 generation in which had Ishiokamochi 7 as parent showed high heterosis for the number of panicles, 1000 grain weight and number of spikelets per panicle. Degree of heterosis to the productivity score in F₁, generation mostly showed high and positive direction. Significant positive heterosis and heterobeltiosis for leaf area index was found in the cross combination involved Ishiokamochi 7, Shin # 2 and Samnambyeo as their parent. In general, genotypic correlation coefficient was higher than environmental correlation coefficient and characters such as 1000 grain weight, number of spikelets per panicle and productivity score showed highly significant genotypic correlation with yield. The genotypic, phenotypic and environmental correlation coefficients between dry matter and harvest index in F1 generation showed highly negative significant. Significant positive genotypic and phenotypic correlation were found for crop growth rate and relative growth rate.
곽태순(Tae Soon Kuwak),박희준(Hee Juhn Park) 한국약용작물학회 1997 한국약용작물학회지 Vol.5 No.2
Phytochemical analysis on rice bran and its pitch was performed by the tool of TLC, UV - and IR-spetroscopy, so that it was found that they contained Y-oryzanol and free sterol. GC-MS analysis of free sterol revealed that it was composed of β-sitosterol, campesterol and stigmasterol. Suc-cessive phytochemical analysis of Y-oryzanol revealed that it was composed of ferulic acid ester of tri-terpene and sterol, respectively. Triterpene moieties of Y-oryzanol were identified as follows : cy-cloartanol. cycloartenol, 24-menthylenecycloartanol and unknown triterpene; AND sterol moieties were found to be identical with free sterols. In addition, characteristic absorption band in UV spectrum (220-340nm) was exclusively due to Y-oryzanol. Thus, it was suggested that rice brans of nearly all species of Oryza sativa can be quantitatively analyzed by UV absorption spectrometry, even when water soluble pig-ments was contained in the rice bran.
水稻品種의 二面交雜에 의한 量的形質의 遺傳分析 Ⅲ. 자포니카 水稻品種의 出穗期 및 몇가지 生育形質에 대한 組合能力
Tae Soon Kwak(郭泰淳),Soo Yeon Cho(趙守衍),Rae Kyeong Park(朴來敬) 한국육종학회 1989 한국육종학회지 Vol.21 No.3
The general combining ability and specific combining ability of days to flowering and growth characters such as culm length, panicle length, panicle exsertion and length of flag leaf were studied in the F₁ and F₂ generations of 15 crosses from the partial dialled cross of 6 Japonica rice varieties. The effects of GCA and SCA were highly significant for days to flowering, culm length, panicle length, panicle exsertion and length of flag leaf, and the GCA of these characters in the F1 and F2 generations was greater than SCA. Rice varieties, Ishioka mochi 7 and RAC 3 as parents were quite effective for reducing days to flowering, and Seolagbyeo. Cheolweon 34 and Samnambyeo were quite good for reducing culm length. There were highly significant correlations between generations in variance and ranks of parental GCA effects of days to flowering, culm length, panicle length, panicle exsertion and length of flag leaf.
枸杞子 突然變異 系統의 作物學的 特性과 RAPD로 본 遺傳的 變異
Bong Chun Lee(李鳳春),Tae Soon Kwak(郭泰淳),Jung Sang Park(朴琮祥),Kee Won Yu(庾基元) 한국육종학회 1997 한국육종학회지 Vol.29 No.4
To obtain the good quality, disease resistance and high yield of Boxthorn cultivar, seeds of cultivar in Chongyang native were treated with gamma rays of ⁶⁰Co 3KR and 6KR, and also the stem and seed of Yuseong 2 were treated with gamma ray of ⁶⁰Co 3KR, respectively. For mutant strains originated from different treatments, growth characteristics, yield and genetic difference using RAPD analysis were investigated. The mutations observed were changes in stem length, leaf area, numbers of branches and 100 seed weight, stem diameter, disease and pest resistance of mutant strains. Fruit setting and yield potential were abundant in mutated seeds and stem of Yuseong 2. On the other hand we have performed polymerase chain reactions on six chromosomal DNA using by forty random primers and followed by RAPD fragments. And also we selected ten primers which amplified to chromosomal DNAs and its PCR-DNA band size were below to 2.0 bp. To konw genetic similarity, we analysis polymorphisms of PCR-DNA bands by statistics, and its genetic difference distance were 0.7~1.0. The Boxthorn of mutant strains treated with Co⁶⁰ were discussed with morphological feature and RAPD-DNA bands.
이봉춘(Bong Chun Lee),백승우(Seung Woo Paik),김수동(Su Dong Kim),윤덕상(Tug Sang Yun),박종상(Jong Sang Park),곽태순(Tae Soon Kwak) 한국약용작물학회 1999 한국약용작물학회지 Vol.7 No.3
This research was carried out to obtain the field resistance to disease and pest, and high yielding of new Boxthorn (Lycium chinense Mill.) varieties. Growth characteristics, yield potential, correlation of trait which was related the yield and path coefficient of the domestic native varieties, two of cultivated varieties and four of introduced varieties were investigated. In growth characters of collected varieties, the stem length of collected varieties in China were slightly long. Leaf area in Jindo, Kumsan native and Yusong 1 and 2 were wider than that of other varieties. Resistance to pest iniury was very strong at China 1, Japan 1 and Yusong 2 in eriophyidmite, and also resistance to anthrax anthracnose were showed less than 10% of the rate of attack fruit at Japan 1 and China 1. Flowering stage was more early in Chungyang native than that of other varieties. Fruit size of Kumsan native, Yusong 2 were large size fruit varieties. Fruit setting number was most abundant at 1,623 in Yusong 2 which was collected variety. And dry yields of fruit per 10a was more cmparatively abundant in Yusong 2 at 86% than those of Chungyang native. The high correlation cofficienct character with fruit yield were fruit setting and branching number and leaf area. Direct effect by path anaslysis were fruit setting number(Py=0.45), and branching number was showed indirect effect.
畓裏作類型에 따른 土壤理化學性 및 作物生産性에 關한 硏究
郭泰淳,朴鐘先,李時衡 尙志大學校 1991 論文集 Vol.12 No.-
Soil properties and productivity of silt loam textured soil on alluvial plain were studied for four cropping patterns rice monoculture, green garlic-rice, manure rye-rice and radish-rich. The results were summarized as following : 1. Soil physical properties were affected by different pre-crops cultivations and its residual effects were continued for 60∼70 days after rice transplanting. 2. Air permeabilities of pre-crops at harvesting time were high in order manure rye-rice〉green garlic-rice〉 radish-rice and water permeabilities during rice cultivation were similiar to previous order. 3. Chemical properties of soil were affected by the different fertilizer level of pre-crops and their residual effects were continued to rice harvesting time. 4. Rice root distribution of manure rye-rice plot was higher than that of other cropping patterns at subsoil. However, rice root distribution at green garlic-rice plot and radish-rice plot was high at topsoil which had much residual nutrient from pre-crops. 5. The ratio of nutrient uptake to N-P₂O5-K₂O based on amount of application was effective at manure rye-rice〉radish-rice〉rice monoculture〉green garlic-rice plot in order. Thus application after pre-crops cultivation should be considered. 6. Yield of pre-crops was 575㎏/10a green garlic, 4340㎏/10a for manure rye and 3624㎏/10a for radish. Rich yield after pre-crops was high in order green garlic-rice〉radish-rice〉rice monoculture〉manure rye-rice. 7. Annual net income was economical in order radish-rice〉rice monoculture〉manure rye-rice〉green garlic-rice plot.
사막을 비옥한 농경지로 바꾸는 이스라엘의 농업기술에 관한 조사 연구
조재연,박종선,곽태순 한국국제농업개발학회 2000 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.12 No.3
이스라엘은 국토규모나 인구의 크기로 보면 조그마한 나라이지만, 농산업분야에서는 세계 최고의 선진국중의 하나임을 알 수 있다. 기후, 토양 및 수자원 등 농업여건이 불리하지만 이러한 악조건을 오히려 역이용하여 가장 경제적이며 효율적인 농업생산성을 증대시키고 있는데 이를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 유대민족을 팔레스타인으로 복귀시키려는 강렬한 Zionism에 뿌리를 둔 Kibbutz와 Moshav등 민족적 의지와 이념이 결집된 집단영농단체의 육성은 온갖 불리한 환경여건을 극복하고 성공으로 이끈 원동력이 되었다. 2. 1960년대에 이미 수자원을 전국적으로 연결하는 National Water Carrier System을 주축으로 물을 합리적으로 절약하면서 생산성을 극대화시키는 점적관수(Drip irrigation), 관비방법(Fertigation)등을 개발하여 실용화시키므로써, 메마른 사막을 옥토로 탈바꿈시키고 있다. 3. 농작물 재배와 가축사양과정 등 모든 영농작업을 전산화시켜 생산비를 절감함은 물론, 최적의 환경조건을 조성하므로써 단위면적당, 단위시간당, 단위투입량당 생산성을 획기적으로 증대시키고 있다. 4. 부가가치가 높은 꽃, 과일, 채소, 낙농 등에 중점을 두는 한편, 식량자급도를 95% 이상 확보하려는 영농단체들의 농업발전을 위한 일관된 집념을 높게 평가한다. 5. 미국과 유럽 등 국제시장의 취향에 맞는 고품질의 농산물 생산을 위한 새로운 품종, 재배 및 사양기술의 개발보급에 적극적이다. 예를들면, 과육이 붉은 색을 띠는 그레이프후르츠 품종(Sunrise)의 육성과 세계 최고의 산유능력을 가지는 젖소품종의 육성을 꼽을 수 있다. 6. 결론적으로 보면 농업관련기관, 단체, 농민 그리고 산업체의 긴밀하고도 효과적인 협동체를 유지하므로써 이스라엘 농업은 지속적인 발전을 기하고 있다. Although Israel is a relatively small nation in terms of land area and population, it stands at the forefront of agricultural technology, its people turned passionately toward the future. This study was aimed at finding out the major facts which made it possible to increase markedly agricultural productivity per unit of land in Israel. Those facts could be very useful for improvement of the agricultural industry in Korea. The cooperative farming led by the Kibbutz, Moshav, and Moshava has greatly contributed to the improvement of agricultural industry. Especially, the Kibbutz movement in which only three percent of the total population is participating, accounts for more than ten percent of the Israeli Gross National Product. The strong will and devotion of the members of Kibbutzim have been vital energies in increasing agricultural productivity in this country. All water resources have been fully utilized through the National Water Carrier System. The pressure irrigation such as drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, spray irrigation, and fertigation not only reduced water consumption per unit of land by 50∼70 percent but also increased productivities of crops. These water-saving irrigation methods are unique Israeli techniques suitable for desert farming all over the world. Every farming operation has been completely computerized and perfectly controlled to provide the best conditions for crops and animals. Along with the strong agricultural policy for self-sufficiency of staple food crops, consistent policy to improve farming technology for citrus, tomatoes, water melon, rose, carnation, and dairy farming, have been successfully implemented. The average annual milk production per milking cow is the highest in the world. On the other hand, closer cooperation among the policy makers, research and development agencies, cooperative farmers, and agribusiness sectors, have been effectively practiced.