고구려와 突厥의 전쟁

강선(Kang Sun) 고구려발해학회 2006 고구려발해연구 Vol.24 No.-

In 6th century, the international situation of the Northeast Asia had changed extensively. The Northem Wei(북위) had fallen into utter confusion because six-fortress(6鎭) rebelled against its government. And then The Northem Wei was divided into the Eastern Wei(동위) and Western Wei(서위). In the north region, Rouran(유연) was getting weak by the intimidation of Turk. At this time due to its internal troubles, Koguryo also had fallen into utter confusion. Koguryo lost the area of the Han river by the allied forces of Paekche and Shilla. In the meantime, Turk invaded Koguryo to prevent an alliance between Koguryo and Rouran. Koguryo had kept friendly relationship with Rouran temporarily. But Koguryo drove the enemy away. Turk destroyed Rouran and became to control the north region, later.

창의성의 원리로서의 은유에 대한 연구

강선아 ( Sun Ah Kang ) 한국미학회 2016 美學 Vol.82 No.2

이 논문은 창의성과 은유 사이의 공통 메커니즘을 모색하는것을 목적으로 한다. 우선 창의적 은유에 대한 블랙의 이론을 검토하고 창의적 은유가 야기하는 역설을 제시한다. 블랙은 창의적 은유를 통해세계를 보는 새로운 관점이 만들어지고 동시에 이 새로운 관점이 세계를 구성한다고 주장함으로써 역설을 만들었다. 블랙의 은유 이론을 발전시킨 인두르키아는 칸트의 인식론적 입장을 통해 창의적 은유의 역설이 해소될 수 있음을 보인다. 그는 또한 창의적 은유의 경우 근원 개념망과 목표 영역의 상호작용을 통해 목표 영역에 존재론적 변화가 일어난다고 주장하는데 이것은 쾨슬러가 주장하는 창의성의 메커니즘과 일치한다. 즉 창의적 은유와 창의성의 공통 메커니즘은 개념적 표상과 회화적 표상이 새로운 방식으로 결합한다는 것에서 찾을 수 있다. This paper aims at investigating common mechanism between creativity and metaphor. To begin with, Black’s theory on creative metaphor and its paradoxical consequence will be introduced. According to Black, creative metaphor creates novel perspectives on the world and this perspective constitutes the reality at the same time. This explanation seems hardly consistent with cognitive function of creative metaphor. In developing Black’s interaction theory, Indurkhya solves the paradox of creative metaphor through Kantian approach. He also argues that with regard to creative metaphor the interaction between source concept network and target realm causes ontological change in target realm. This mechanism is similar to Koestler’s mechanism of creativity in that conceptual representation and pictorial representation interact each other in unconventional way.

北方民族史에서 본 高句麗의 正體性

姜仙(KANG Sun),禹悳燦(토론자) 고구려발해학회 2004 고구려발해연구 Vol.18 No.-

Koguryo had contacts with various non-Chinese people in north China as well as Chinese dynasties, which is natural considering Koguryo's geographical situation. Therefore, when one examines the foreign relationships of Koguryo, not only those with China but also those with non-Chinese people in the north have a significant meaning. In this paper, by examining how non-Chinese people including Xianbei, Qidan, and Rouran perceived Koguryo, I shall suggest the significance of Koguryo in East Asian history. In addition, I will investigate how the relationships between non-Chinese people in north China and Koguryo influenced on the international circumstances in East Asia. The contacts between Xianbei and Koguryo began since the common era. The actual contact was from when Murong Xianbei advanced to the Liaoxi region. According to Samguk sagi, Murong attacked Koguryo in 293 and 296 AD. The reason why Murong attacked on Koguryo is not certain. Considering the fact that Murong competed with other Xianbei tribes, Murong might have considered Koguryo as one of threatening powers. It is assumed that Murong attacked Koguryo in order to prevent Koguryo from interrupting internal conflicts among Xianbei tribes. As it moved to the 4th century, Koguryo competed with Murong in the Liaodong region. In 341, Murong established the Former Yan, and tried to expand its territory to the neighboring regions. In the next year, the Former Yan attacked Koguryo and seized Koguryo's capital. It is notable in that the purpose of the attack of the Former Yan was not on oppressing Koguryo, but cutting the ally between Koguryo and Yuwen tribe, and then finally destroying Yuwen tribe. Thus, the ultimate goal of the Former Yan was actually to gain the access to the Central Plain region. The Former Yan considered Koguryo as a threatening power, and the development of the nation depended on the success on the foreign policy against Koguryo The Qidan people who establised the Liao appeared in a written record from the late 4th century. According to Samguk sagi, Qidan invaded the border region of Koguryo in 378 in the 8th reign year of King Sosurim. King Kwanggaet' o campaigned against Qidan right after ascending to the throne. By the late 5th century, Qidan got influenced by the advance of Koguryo to the region of Hsiramulan river. In 479 when Koguryo and Rouran conspired together in dividing Didouyu At this time, oppressed by Koguryo, Qidan got incorporated into the Northern Wei. After the Sui dynasty established, some Qidan who were under Koguryo and Turks were absorbed into the Sui. Qidan got stronger by the late 6th century, and developed into the 10 tribes' confederation. The unification of the Sui brought the stability in Chinese territory However, a tension rose between Sui and Koguryo who competed for the hegemony in East Asia. As a war broke out between Sui and Koguryo, Qidan participated in a war as subsidiary troops. Qidan did not have an opportunity to have a political development or power expansion under the pressure of Koguryo and Chinese dynasties. Thus, it was impossible to act independently with its own identity. Rather, Qidari s existence depended on the political situations of powerful nations around it. In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Rouran gained power in the northern region of China along with the Northern Wei. Rouran allied with Koguryo in order to restrain and isolate the Northern Wei. In addition, Rouran allied with Koguryo in dividing Didouyu region in the effort to prevent the Northern Wei from exchanging with other countries. Rouran considered Koguryo as one of powerful nations in East Asia, and allied with Koguryo to isolate the Northern Wei. The international circumstance in East Asia by that time showed the balance of power among the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Rouran and Koguryo. In summary, the non-Chinese people in north China considered Koguryo as an independent power different from

PTA-Ⅱ 시험설비를 활용한 KSR-Ⅲ Rocket 추진기관 종합시험

강선일(Kang Sun Il),권오성(Kwon Oh Sung),이정호(Lee Jung Ho),김영한(Kim Young Han),하성업(Ha Sung Up),오승협(Oh Seung Hyup),이수용(Lee Soo Yong) 한국추진공학회 2003 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2003 No.5

은유와 닮음의 관계에 대한 연구

강선아 ( Sun Ah Kang ) 한국미학회 2013 美學 Vol.76 No.-

오랫동안 은유는 닮음과 밀접하게 관련된 것으로 간주되어 왔지만, 최근 은유 연구에서 닮음을 통해 은유를 설명하려는 시도는 신랄한 비판의 대상이 되고 있다. 이 논문은 은유와 닮음 사이의 복잡한 관계를 밝히는 것을 목적으로 한다. 우선 은유적 비교는 축자적 비교와 구분된다. 축자적 비교는 두 대상 사이의 객관적이고 두드러진 속성에 주목하도록 하는 반면 은유적 비교에서는 비일상적인 닮음에 주목하도록 한다. 이를 위해 은유적 비교에서는 두 대상의 속성 체계가 전체적으로 상호작용한다. 은유의 비교 과정에는 언어적 의미 또는 이미지가 비교되는 것으로 이해되어 왔다. 그러나 둘 다 은유의 비교 과정에 관련되는 요소들을 모두 포함하지 못하는 한계를 드러낸다. 은유의 비교 과정에는 언어적 의미, 사용의 맥락, 문화적 사회적 함의, 분위기, 느낌 등 다양한 요소들이 참여하여 새로운 닮음을 파악하는데 기여한다. Metaphor has been considered to be closely related with resemblance. However, recent studies on metaphor severely criticize this assumption. The purpose of this paper is to reveal the complicated relationship between metaphor and resemblance. First of all, we should distinguish metaphorical comparison with literal one. In literal comparison, objective, salient properties of two objects are brought into focus. On the other hand, in metaphorical comparison, we call attention to unusual resemblance between them. Because of this, in metaphorical comparison, the system of properties of two objects tends to globally interact. It has been considered that in the course of metaphorical comparison, linguistic meaning or a kind of image is the object of comparison. However, neither of them is able to include some important elements relevant to metaphorical comparison. In the course of metaphorical comparison, various elements, such as linguistic meaning, context of use, cultural/social connotation, feelings, contribute to capturing the novel resemblance.

실시간 인증서 상태 관리 시스템의 모의 성능 시험

강선(Sun Kang),장태주(Taejoo Chang) 한국통신학회 2004 한국통신학회 학술대회 및 강연회 Vol.2004 No.12

영국 통신규제동향의 변화

강선아(Kang, Sun-A) 한국통신학회 2003 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2003 No.11

통신망 원가산정모형의 추세와 호주의 사례

강선아(Kang, Sun-A) 한국통신학회 2002 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2002 No.11

커피전문점의 포지셔닝 맵에 관한 연구

강선아(Sun Ah Kang),이은용(Eun Yong Lee) 한국호텔외식관광경영학회 2013 호텔경영학연구 Vol.22 No.2

The domestic coffee market has grown rapidly over the past 10 years, competition in the coffee market seems to be deepening. In this study, a coffee shop that has the most stores in the domestic brand and select properties on the similarity between each brand a competitive advantage by using multidimensional scaling to analyze. Brand similarity analysis, Starbucks, Ediya Coffee, Caffe Bene other coffee brands, unlike in gaining a differentiated image showed relatively Tom n Toms, The Coffee Bean & Tea Leaf, Hollys, Angel-in-us Coffee customers to recognize inability to images that are not differentiated and showed that the fierce rivalry. Coffee quality, menu variety, interior, accessibility, affordability, human services, sanitation, seat convenient composed of 8 items by analyzing the properties of the selection of coffee shops, Starbucks coffee quality, menu variety, and human services in the topic showed the highest level and gain a competitive advantage in accessibility, menu variety, interior, seats, convenience and sanitation items from Caffe Bene was the highest. Ediya Coffee was able to see that indicates that the item is relatively higher than other competing brands in the competitive advantage of affordability. Based on these studies, this study presented several suggestions that may be helpful for a coffee brand.

회계정보의 질과 경쟁강도가 노동투자효율성에 미치는 영향

강선아(Sun-A Kang),조상민(Sang-Min Cho) 한국경영학회 2017 Korea Business Review Vol.21 No.1

본 논문은 기업의 내부와 외부에서 지배구조의 역할을 담당하는 회계정보의 질과 경쟁강도가 노동투자(Labor Investment)의 효율성을 개선하는지 분석한다. 노동투자는 결정 후 번복이 어렵고 향후 지속적인 현금유출을 수반하며 기업구조조정에 부정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있기 때문에 신중하게 결정되어야 하지만, 경영자의 기회주의적 행동 및 경영자와 외부투자자의 정보비대칭으로 인하여 비효율적인 투자가 발생할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 회계정보의 질이 노동투자의 비효율성을 완화한다는 해외 선행연구 결과를 확장하여 국내노동시장을 대상으로 회계정보의 질과 경쟁강도가 노동투자 효율성을 개별적으로 개선하는지 분석하고 회계정보가 노동투자 효율성을 개선하는 정도가 경쟁강도에 따라 차이를 보이는지 검증한다. 노동투자 비효율성은 노동투자의 기대수준과 실제 노동투자의 차이(절대값)으로 정의하고 노동투자 기대수준은 Pinnuck and Lillis(2007)의 모형을 사용한다. 분석결과, 회계정보의 질과 경쟁강도는 각각 노동투자 효율성을 개선하는 것으로 나타났다. 회계정보와 경쟁강도 모두 경영자의 기회주의적 의사결정 유인을 억제하고 경영자와 외부투자자의 정보비대칭을 완화함으로써 노동투자 효율성을 개선하는 것으로 해석된다. 추가적으로 전체표본을 과잉투자와 과소투자 표본으로 구분하여 분석한 결과 회계정보는 과소투자 표본에서, 경쟁강도는 과잉투자 표본에서 유의성이 확인되었다. 이러한 결과는 투명한 회계정보는 노동투자를 촉진하는 방식으로, 경쟁강도는 과잉투자를 억제하는 방식으로 효율적인 노동투자를 유도하는 것을 의미한다. 또한, 회계정보와 경쟁강도의 상호작용효과를 검증한 결과 경쟁강도가 낮은 상황에서 회계정보가 노동투자 효율성을 개선하는 효과가 크게 나타났고 이러한 결과는 과소투자표본에서 유의하게 발견되었다. 최근 해운업과 조선업에서 구조조정이 이슈가 되는 상황에서, 회계정보와 경쟁강도가 각각 그리고 상호보완적으로 노동투자 효율성을 개선하며 회계정보는 노동투자를 촉진하는 방향으로 경쟁강도는 과잉 노동투자를 억제하는 방향으로 노동투자의 효율성을 개선함을 확인하였다는 점에서 본 논문의 의의가 있다. 또한, 과소노동투자 문제를 해결함에 있어서 회계정보와 경쟁강도가 상호 보완적인 역할을 하고 있음을 확인했다는 점에서도 논문의 의의를 찾을 수 있다. This paper examines whether two corporate governance factors, accounting quality and competition intensity, improve labor investment efficiency in Korea. Managers opportunistic behavior and the information asymmetry between manager and investors cause labor investment inefficiency. Labor investment inefficiency is defined as the gap between expected and real labor investment and the expected labor investment is measured with Pinnuck and Lillis(2007). The results are as follows. First, AQ and competition separately improve labor investment efficiency as expected. They decrease manager’s opportunistic behavior and information asymmetry between manager and investors. We document AQ increases labor investment in underinvestment sample whereas competition decreases it in over sample. Second, AQ improve labor investment efficiency much more in lower competitive situation, which is significant in under sample. It suggests both AQ and competition have complementary relationships in improving labor investment efficiency. Contributions of this paper are as follows. First, it examines whether AQ and competition improve labor investment efficiency in Korea. Second, it reports AQ has complimentary role of competition in improving labor investment efficiency.