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총인 수질기준강화를 위한 국내 하수종말처리장의 물리화학적처리 특성조사 및 경제성 분석
박혜영,박상민,이기철,권오상,유순주,김신조,Park, Hye-Young,Park, Sang-Min,Lee, Ki-Cheol,Kwon, Oh-Sang,Yu, Soon-Ju,Kim, Shin-Jo 대한환경공학회 2011 대한환경공학회지 Vol.33 No.3
우리나라의 공공하수처리시설은 생물학적 인 제거공정을 운전하고 있으나, '12년부터 지역구분(I, II, III)에 따라 각각 0.2, 0.3 및 0.5 mg/L로 강화되는 방류수수질기준을 준수하기 위해서는 화학물질을 이용한 추가적인 인 처리시설을 적용할 필요성이 대두되었다. 강화된 총인의 수질기준을 만족하기 위해 적용된 물리화학적 처리기술 성능의 구체적인 운영자료 구축을 위하여, 화학적 응집제 사용 중인 인 처리시설 중 모범적으로 가동하고 있는 국내 시설의 운영 데이터를 분석하여 처리성능을 평가하였다. 또한, jar 테스트를 이용해 물리화학적 인 제거공정 적용 시 최적 응집제 주입율 도출, 인 제거 및 슬러지 발생특성을 관찰하고 약품비용과 슬러지 발생증가량을 산정하여 실처리장에 응집제 적용 시 예상되는 경제성 분석을 하였다. 활성슬러지를 이용한 jar 테스트 결과, 0.5와 0.2 mg/L 이하의 총인 농도를 달성하기 위해 필요한 최소한의 응집제(황산알루미늄, 폴리염화알루미늄)의 주입농도는 각각 25와 30 mg/L (as $Al_2O_3$)이며, 2차 처리수의 경우에는 동일한 총인 농도를 달성하기 위해 요구되는 응집제 주입농도가 활성슬러지에 비해 약 1/12~1/3 수준으로 감소하였다. jar 테스트 결과, 활성슬러지에 응집제를 주입할 경우에 고형물 농도가 약 10~11%가 증가할 것으로 예측되었다. 한편, 활성슬러지에 응집제를 주입하는 경우의 응집제(황산알루미늄) 구입비는 2차 처리수에 주입하는 경우에 비해 약 4~10배 정도가 증가할 것으로 산정되었다. 또한, 슬러지 발생량은 약 4~10배 정도 증가할 것으로 예측되었다. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are required to meet the reinforced discharge standards which are differentiated as 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 mg-TP/L for the district I, II and III, respectively. Although most of WWTPs are operating advanced biological phosphorus removal system, the supplementary phosphorus treatment facility using chemical addition should be required almost at all WWTPs. Therefore, water quality data from several exemplary full-scale plants operating phosphorus treatment process were analyzed to evaluate the reliability of removal performance. Additionally, a series of jar tests were conducted to find optimal coagulants dose for phosphorus removal by chemical precipitation and to describe characteristics of the reaction and sludge production. Chemical costs and the increasing sludge volume in physicochemical phosphorus removal process were estimated based on the results of jar tests. The minimum coagulant (aluminium sulfate and poly aluminium chloride) doses to keep TP concentration below 0.5 and 0.2 mg/L were around 25 and 30 mg/L (as $Al_2O_3$), respectively, in the mixed liquor of activated sludge. In the tertiary treatment facility, relatively lower coagulant doses of 1/12~1/3 the minimum doses for activated sludge were required to achieve the same TP concentrations of 0.2~0.5 mg/L. Increase in suspended solids concentration due to chemical precipitates in mixed liquor was estimated at 10~11%, compared to the concentration without chemical addition. When coagulant was added into mixed liquor, chemical (aluminium sulfate) cost was estimated to be 4~10 times higher than in secondary effluent coagulation/separation process. Sludge production to be wasted was also 4~10 times higher than secondary effluent coagulation/separation process.
박혜영,최은정,이은남,Park, Hye Young,Choi, Eun Jung,Lee, Eun Nam 한국중환자간호학회 2013 중환자간호학회지 Vol.6 No.2
Purpose: The purposes of this study were to examine a attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavior control, intention to report child abuse and to identify predictors of emergency room (ER) nurses' intention to report child abuse cases. Methods: A total of 364 nurses in ER participated in this study. Data were collected by self-administered questionnaire and analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test or ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Results: 84.1 % of emergency room nurses reported feeling of obligation to report child abuse. Attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavior control were positively correlated with intention to report child abuse. Intention to report child abuse was predicted by emergency room nurse's attitude, perceived behavior control, subjective norm, ER nurse career, and recognition as a reporting obligator. Conclusion: Child abuse education program should be developed to help ER nurses to report child abuse case and positive attitude toward reporting the cases.
언어평가 도구로서의 제2외국어 SNULT 문제 유형 분석 - 독일어와 일본어 시험을 중심으로
박혜영,강미란 서울대학교 언어교육원 2019 語學硏究 Vol.55 No.특별호
The purpose of this article is to analyze major attributes and features of different question (or item) types used in Seoul National University Language Tests (SNULT) as a way to verify the validity of these tests. A total of 50 reading and listening items each were selected from SNULT German vol. 2. (in press) and SNULT Japanese vol. 2. (2019) and then analyzed by using Bachman’s (1990) Test Method Facets framework. Results of analysis have shown that the reading and listening sections of both tests are so constructed that each question has not only various degrees of difficulties, but also focuses on measuring test taker’s ability to grasp main ideas, to understand details, and to make plausible inferences. These findings suggest that both SNULT German and Japanese tests are equipped with appropriate formats and contents for testing test-takers’ foreign language competence and therefore seen to be valid foreign language testing tools.
수용모델을 이용한 광양만권 주거지역 대기 중 초미세먼지발생원 기여도 평가(II)
박혜영,박현수,이보람,최희진,김학림,임희정,박찬오,김익산,박귀환,전두영,배민석 한국환경분석학회 2022 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.25 No.1
The source contributions in PM-2.5 were investigated in two residential areas (i.e., Yeosu and Suncheon of Gwangyang Bay) using a source apportionment model. As a result, eight sources have been identified such as secondary sulfate (31%), mobile (16.8%), secondary nitrate (15.9%), soil and road emission (15.2%), biomass burning (11.5%), oil combustion (4.2%), coal combustion (3.7%), and industry activity (1.7%) in the Yeosu area. In the Suncheon area, secondary sulfate (27.3%), biomass burning (16.4%), and secondary nitrate (15.3%) were investigated as the major sources. Clustering of the trajectories revealed dominant wind patterns associated with high concentrations due to long range transport. In conclusion, this study shows that the source apportionment model yields results for identifying pollutant sources in two receptor locations.
A Case of Cerebellar Infarction Caused by Acute Subclavian Thrombus Following Minor Trauma
박혜영,김희진,차명진,이종윤,고임석,남효석 연세대학교의과대학 2013 Yonsei medical journal Vol.54 No.6
Subclavian steal syndrome caused by an acute thrombus is very rare. We present a case of cerebellar infarction with proximal subclavian artery thrombosis. A 56-year-old woman was admitted for sudden vertigo. One day prior to admission, she received a shoulder massage comprised of chiropractic manipulation. On examination,her left hand was pale and radial pulses were absent. Blood pressure was weak in the left arm. Downbeat nystagmus and a right falling tendency were observed. Brain MRI showed multiple acute infarctions in the left cerebellum. The findings of Doppler ultrasonography in the left vertebral artery were compatible with a partial subclavian artery steal phenomenon. Digital subtraction angiography demonstrated a large thrombus in the left subclavian artery. After heparin infusion, thrombus size markedly decreased. Cerebellar infarction caused by acute subclavian thrombosis following minor trauma is rare, but the thrombus can be successfully resolved with anticoagulation.
The Import Demand for Fresh Raspberries and Well-being Diet Trends in Hotel and Restaurant Industry
박혜영 한국자료분석학회 2011 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.13 No.2
As people have been much more interested in health, and wellbeing trends, food habits have gradually changed. Especially, the high percentages of antioxidant ingredients in raspberries, and variety kinds of antioxidant ingredient in raspberries have been getting lots of attention. Upon these well-being trends, this study explores the total demands of raspberry collected from the four major different countries, which South Korea has imported from. This study aims to identify the price elasticities of the imported raspberries by applying Marsharllian demand systems and testing the AIDS model to increase possibility to better analyze the demand system for the raspberry. Findings from the results of this study shed light on consumer preferences in South Korea in regard to imported raspberries. The estimated expenditure elasticities indicate that the USA has the highest elasticity to raspberry category as a result of an increase in the size of the imported demand for raspberry market in Korea.