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근대시기 중국동북지역 민간신앙의 ‘복합성’ - 이민의 유입에 따른 민간신앙의 이식과 융합을 중심으로 -
박경석 중앙대학교 중앙사학연구소 2014 중앙사론 Vol.0 No.40
本稿分析了近代以來東北地區民間信仰的地域特色。首先,可以看出清末的移民增多和東北地區民間信仰的發展有著非常密切的關係。和各種‘旣成宗敎’或‘民間宗教結社’一樣,民間信仰大概也是和移民一起從關內流入的。通過在崇拜對象或祠廟,廟會等方面移植、複製關內的民間信仰, 東北地區形成了新的宗教信仰。但是,近代東北地區的民間信仰不是單純的從關內移植和複製而形成的。關內流入的民间信仰和東北固有的信仰體系及自然地理條件相互作用从而出體現了東北地區民間信仰自有的地域性。首先,在關內的民間信仰的流入擴散過程中,東北固有的萨满教也相當活躍。第二,關內的民間信仰和東北地區重迭積澱,根據影響程度的不同體現出明顯的地域差異,反映了東北固有的地域情況。第三,關內的神祗不是依次取代現有的神祗流入的,而是重疊流入的。由于移民的涌入,对信仰的需求多样化,从而出現了濃厚的‘多教一廟及一人多教’的狀況。第四,森林地帶广袤的東北地區由于自身自然地理因素的影响,也出現了重視動物神等自然崇拜的傾向。最後,移居和東北移民帶來的信仰,作為收容方的東北原有的信仰體系,自然地理環境的特點,以及移民在東北所處的社會環境,這些因素相互作用,通過‘復合化’這一過程,其結果具有了自己獨特的‘復合性’。如此,關內的信仰在不同的方向性相互作用下共存,可以看出這種共存是外來和當地融合成的一種形態。這不是傳統的持續或中斷的單線發展過程,而是根據現實需要‘不斷累積的解析’的歷史過程。东北地区形成并经历了充满离散,定居,流离,逃逸,彷徨的文化认同,考虑到这一过程的历史性和现代性。作为“惯行”的民间信仰,经历了近代的再构成过程,本稿将这一过程和充满多种矛盾,飘摇的近代东北社会的变化相结合,进行了综合的考察。伴随着清末以来的大规模移民,关内的传统在空间上转移到东北地区,体现了近代的再构成过程。即,由传统到近代的過程中, 持续和中断的时间性变化在东北得到了在空间上發展.
통상적 신경전도검사에서 이상이 없는 당뇨병성 감각 다발신경병증에서 발바닥신경전도검사
박경석,김범준,김진수,홍윤호,성정준,박성호,이광우 대한신경과학회 2009 대한신경과학회지 Vol.27 No.2
Background: The results of a routine nerve conduction study (NCS) are sometimes normal in diabetic patients with clinical manifestations of sensory polyneuropathy, especially in the early stage. We report on the value of a plantar NCS in diabetic sensory polyneuropathy with normal results from a routine NCS. Methods: Mixed nerve conduction data in the medial and lateral plantar nerves of both feet were obtained orthodromically in 47 normal subjects and 30 patients with diabetic sensory polyneuropathies with normal results from a routine NCS. The latency and amplitude of compound nerve action potentials (CNAPs) of plantar nerves were normal in the normal subjects. The results of a plantar NCS in the patient group were compared with these normal values. Results: Nerve conduction abnormalities were found in 14 patients (46.7%). The rates of abnormal findings were 33.3% (20 of 60 nerves) and 31.7% (19 of 60 nerves) in the medial and lateral plantar nerves, respectively. A definite polyneuropathy pattern was found in 10 patients (33.3%). The CNAP amplitude was low or absent in 12 patients (85.7%) with abnormal nerve conduction, and 8 patients (57.1%) showed a prolonged CNAP latency. Conclusions: A plantar NCS is useful for detecting nerve conduction abnormalities in diabetic sensory polyneuropathy when normal results are obtained from a routine NCS. The diagnostic sensitivity of a routine NCS can be significantly increased by adding a plantar NCS when evaluating patients with sensory polyneuropathies, especially in the early stage. Background: The results of a routine nerve conduction study (NCS) are sometimes normal in diabetic patients with clinical manifestations of sensory polyneuropathy, especially in the early stage. We report on the value of a plantar NCS in diabetic sensory polyneuropathy with normal results from a routine NCS. Methods: Mixed nerve conduction data in the medial and lateral plantar nerves of both feet were obtained orthodromically in 47 normal subjects and 30 patients with diabetic sensory polyneuropathies with normal results from a routine NCS. The latency and amplitude of compound nerve action potentials (CNAPs) of plantar nerves were normal in the normal subjects. The results of a plantar NCS in the patient group were compared with these normal values. Results: Nerve conduction abnormalities were found in 14 patients (46.7%). The rates of abnormal findings were 33.3% (20 of 60 nerves) and 31.7% (19 of 60 nerves) in the medial and lateral plantar nerves, respectively. A definite polyneuropathy pattern was found in 10 patients (33.3%). The CNAP amplitude was low or absent in 12 patients (85.7%) with abnormal nerve conduction, and 8 patients (57.1%) showed a prolonged CNAP latency. Conclusions: A plantar NCS is useful for detecting nerve conduction abnormalities in diabetic sensory polyneuropathy when normal results are obtained from a routine NCS. The diagnostic sensitivity of a routine NCS can be significantly increased by adding a plantar NCS when evaluating patients with sensory polyneuropathies, especially in the early stage.
중국 가족․종족 관행의 전개와 변천 - 중국 가족․종족 자료집의 편찬과 의의 -
박경석,송요후,손승희 중앙대학교 중앙사학연구소 2012 중앙사론 Vol.0 No.35
This paper is to introduce the compilation process and significance of three books of Chinese family source book that the HK(Humanity Korea) Research Center for Chinese Practices, Humanities Research Institute of University of Incheon compiled. First source book is a collection of laws related to family in the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, and second is a collection of family laws in the People's Republic of China. The rest of source books is to collect the race-related data set focusing on the Chinese Genealogies material. To recap the significance of the compilation of kit are as follows:First, these source books have provided baseline data to enable the empirical studies about Chinese families and tribes for a variety of issues. Family-related laws and regulations were collected, as well as several broken down by category was presented. Second, from the establishment of the People's Republic of China to today by covering laws and regulations related to the family, the family laws of the People's Republic of China period shows the outline of the major changes or trends. On this topic in academia are expected to spark interest. As well as, by providing the text of legislation to undertake practical research would be helpful. Third, "Ethnic Source Book" co-edited with Shanxi University that put together a race classification for the data have significant implications. This is unprecedented in China and abroad. In addition, this source book is helping to improve the level of understanding on the Chinese society and history through the excavation of new genealogy materials. Finally, the real value of these source books is to provide original text in the form of a searchable text. As e-book publishing, these source books are free keyword search, as well as the original text is provided in the digital archive(http://hka.incheon.ac.kr/) of the HK Research Center for Chinese Practices, Humanities Research Institute of University of Incheon.