치환된 프로탈로시아닌의 합성 방법 연구

河潤卿,金永寬,孫秉淸,申鉉萬,朴美敬 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1996 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.7 No.1

The octadodecanoxy derivative of the phthalocyanine which has such long hydrocarbon chains around the skeleton of the phthalocyanine was synthesized. First of all, ortho-catechol was treated with 2 moles of 1-bromododecane to yield ortho-didodecanoxybenzene(I). Second, bromination of I resulted in dibromo-didodecanoxy benzene(II) where the para positions to the dodecanoxy groups were brominated. Finally, reaction of II with an excess of CuCN under an N₂atmosphere gave the intermediate dicyano-didodecanoxy-benzene(III), in situ, and futher heating in dry DMF with more CuCN gave the final product, octadodecanoxy derivative of the phthalocyanine. The synthetic method developed herein provides a general way to synthesize the variety of the phthalocyanines which displays many different substituents such as long hydrocarbons around its skeleton and contains a various metal inside of the phthalocyanine.

유기 전계 발광 소자(OELD) 개발을 위한 PVK 박막의 특성 연구

河潤卿,魯碩源 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1998 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.9 No.1

Organic-based electroluminescent devices have attracted lots of interests because of their possible applications as large-area flat panel display. The devices that were used in this study were fabricated with poly(9-vinylcarbazole)(PVK) of two different molecular weights. The molecular weights of PVK for the devices were 58,600 and 1,100,000. UV/vis absorption peaks of both PVK films appeared at 296, 330,344nm. PL spectra and EL spectra of both PVK films showed the same pattern around 420nm. Thickness of both PVK films was determinad. For both PVK films, as increased coating rpm, thickness decreased. The film thickness decreased exponentially. Thickness of 1,100,000 PVK was higher than that of 58,600 PVK.

유기 전계 발광 소자의 효율에 관한 연구

河潤卿,魯碩原 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1999 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.10 No.1

2,4,6-Triphenyl-1,3,5-Triazine (TRZ) has been used as a hole blocking material for electroluminescent device(ELD)[4]. The EL devices of the four layer structure, ITO/hole transporting layer(HTL)/emitting layer/Al, were fabricated. TRZ was doped into the poly(n-vinylcarbazole)(PVK), which was spin-coated on indium tin oxide(ITO) film. The emitting layer, tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum(Alq₃), was deposited on top of PVK film. The ELD emits characteristic green color generated from Alq3 emitting layer. As the percentage of TRZ was increased, the efficiency of devices increased. The devices, which contained higher concentration of blocking material, were driven at a lower current under the same voltage. The optimum concentration of hole blocking material was 10wt%, which produced the highest ELD luminescence.

아렌이 배위된 금속 착물들의 합성과 그 반응성 연구

河潤卿 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1997 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.8 No.-

Synthesis of (η??-arene)M(CO)₃ where arene is either hexamethylbenzene(C??(CH₃)??) or mesitylene(C??H₃(CH₃)₃) and M is Mo or W was performed via a substitution reaction of three carbonyl ligands in M(CO)?? by an arene in two ways. The first direct synthesis of (η??-arene)M(CO)₃ from an arene and M(CO)?? without any solvent gave the product but the yield was rather low. Introduction of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether as a solvent in the second method made the synthetic process easier and gave the product in a higher yield. Presence of the arene in the resulting complex was confirmed in FT-IR spectra, showing peaks around 2900 cm??. CO stretching peaks between 1700 and 2000 cm?? in FT-IR spectra revealed that W is more electron-donating than Mo and hexamethylbenzene is also more electron-donating than mesitylene as expected. More electron donation from the metal center and the arene ligand makes the anti-bonding orbital of CO ligands filled and thus the CO stretching vibration frequencies become lower. Identification of this trend may help us to predict the possibility of isolating further reaction products and contribute to the study of their stability and reactivity.

유기전기발광 소자용 다이포스핀-다이골드 착물 발광체의 합성과 특성 연구

河潤卿 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 2001 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.12 No.-

Diphosphine dinuclear gold(I) complexes were synthesized from reaction of 1,1'-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene(dppf) and gold ions. As anionic ligands, Cl was first coordinated to form (dppf)(AuCl)₂(I). Then, the ligand, SPh, was substituted for Cl in the complex I to give (dppf)(AuSPh)₂ (II). The melting points of the resulting complexes, I and II, were investigated at first hand to confirm that the gold complexes were in fact formed. The digold complexes were decomposed above 200℃ while the ligand, dppf, itself melts at 182℃. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the spin-coated thin films showed the maximum peak at 590 and 540nm for the complex, I and II, respectively. These complexes were thus found to give the orange color phosphorescence. Therefore, these digold complexes may be candidates for orange-red phosphorescent materials in organic electroluminescent devices (OELD). Further studies on application of the complexes as a dopant in an emitting layer are in progress in our laboratory.

두 종류의 고리화 리간드가 배위된 이리듐 착물의 합성과 그 발광 특성 연구

朴貴蓮,河潤卿 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 2005 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.16 No.-

The new types of iridium complexes with two kinds of (CˆN) ligands were designed and synthesized to improve the luminescence efficiency by avoiding triplet-triplet (T-T) annihilation. Ir(ppy)_(2)(piq) and Ir(ppy)_(2)(piq-F) were designed and prepared, where ppy, piq and piq-F represent 2-phenylpyridine, 1-(phenyl)isoquinoline and 1-(4'-fluorophenyl)isoquinoline, respectively. These heteroleptic complexes are expected to have a high luminescence efficiency by the intramolecular energy transfer from the energy absorbing ligand (ppy) to the luminescent ligand (piq derivatives), leading to a decrease on quenching or energy deactivation. Luminescent characteristics of the heteroleptic Ir complexes were inviestigated photophysically and compared with homoleptic Ir complexes, Ir(ppy)_(3), Ir(piq)_(3), and Ir(piq-F)_(3).

열공형과 비열공형 피질하 혈관성 치매에서 위험인자의 차이에 관한 비교 연구

배희준,정지향,유경호,나덕렬,김상윤,최경규,양동원,손의주,이상도,김재우,박경원,김응규,이재홍,박미영,한일우,함동석,최문성,하충건,최성혜,이애영,이병철,한설희 대한치매학회 2003 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.2 No.2

Backgrounds and Objectives: Vascular dementia is a group of dementing disoders arising from various stroke syndrome. Among these. subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD) is regarded as a relatively distinct clinical entity. However, MRI patterns of SIVD are not homogenous. In some patients, lacunes are dominant, and in others, subcortical white matter changes are. This study was designed to compare risk factor profiles between SIVD with and without multiple lacunes. Methods: We divided 47 subjects (22 males, mean age. 68 years) recruited from VADAPET (Multicenter Trial For Evaluation Of The Changes In the PET Images Of Subcortical Vascular Dementia Patient) study into two groups one with more than 5 lacunes in deep gray matter (lacune group) and the other with 5 or less(non-lacune group) Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of two groups were compared. Results: Nineteen of 47 patients (40%) belonged to the lacune group. The lacune and non-lacune groups d d not differ in the following variables: age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia heart disease, history of stroke or TIA, history of trauma or major surgery, family history of hypertension stroke, or dementia, age at diagnosis of dementia, body mass index, white blood cell count, ESR, CRP, fibrinogen, hemoglobin A1C, total cholesterol. LDL cholesterol creatinine, proteinuria, glucosuria, and microhematuria. However, male sex, smoking alcohol. hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were possibly associated more with lacune group SIVD than with non-lacune group (p<0 1) Multivariate analyses revealed that smoking, hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were independent predictors of SIVD with multiple lacunes Conclusion: Our study suggests that SIVD with multiple lacunes may be significantly different in smoking habits hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol from SIVD without multiple lacunes.

칭찬활동 프로그램이 청소년의 희망과 자아존중감에 미치는 효과

김혜숙,민순,박종,김경미,하윤주,김은아,정선주 韓國學校保健學會 2009 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.22 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of the praising activity program on hope and self-esteem of adolescents. Methods: From Jan 26th to 29th 2009. 193 of subjects were participated in investigation in G city. After 4 days of data collecting in praising activity program, research is the pre and post similarity test to investigate hope and self-esteem of adolescents. Results: The average hope score of adolescents significantly increase from 3.39 before the program to 3.60 after the program. The average self.esteem score of adolescents significantly increased(p<.00l) from 3.01 before the program to 3.15 after the program. From the resuits. the program showed that it has significant effect on hope and self-esteem of adolescents. Conclusion: The praising activity program as an affirmative mass psychological program is confirmed that it affects on hope and self-esteem. Therefore. it is expected to be utilized as promotion of health program for adolescents.

Brassinosteroid reduces ABA accumulation leading to the inhibition of ABA-induced stomatal closure

Ha, Yun Mi,Shang, Yun,Yang, Dami,Nam, Kyoung Hee Elsevier 2018 Biochemical and biophysical research communication Vol.504 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Proper regulation of stomatal movement in response to various environmental stresses or developmental status is critical for the adaptation of many plant species to land. In plants, abscisic acid (ABA)-induced stomatal closure is a well-adapted method of regulating water status. In addition to ABA, we previously showed that plant-specific steroidal hormone, brassinosteroid (BR), also induces stomatal closure; however, BR modulates ABA-induced stomatal closure negatively at high concentrations. In this study, we further investigated the cross-talk between ABA and BR in relation to stomatal movement. In contrast to previous reports that ABA-induced stomatal closure was inhibited by brassinolide (BL), the most active BR, we showed that BL-induced stomatal closure was enhanced by ABA, indicating that the sequence of ABA or BL treatments led to different results. We found that this phenomenon occurred because the guard cells still had the capacity to be closed further by ABA, as the degree of stomatal closure by BL was always less than that by ABA. We also found that BL-induced stomatal closure required Open Stomata 1 (OST1) activity and the induced expression of <I>OST1</I> was indifferent to the sequence of ABA and/or BL treatments. In addition, we examined the underlying mechanism by which inhibition of ABA-induced stomatal closure by BL occurred. We revealed that the downregulation of ABA-biosynthetic genes by BL resulted in a lower accumulation of ABA. These results suggested that the regulation of stomatal movement is finely controlled by the combined effects of plant hormones, ABA and BR.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> ABA strengthened BL-induced stomatal closure. </LI> <LI> Expression of <I>OST1</I> was induced by BL, and BL-induced stomatal closure required OST1. </LI> <LI> Inhibition of ABA-induced stomatal closure by BR was due to reduced ABA accumulation. </LI> </UL> </P>

Synthesis of Several Organometallic Compounds as Electroluminescent Materials

Ha,Yun-kyoung Research Institute for Science & Technology HONG-I 1998 Hongik Journal of Science and Technology Vol.2 No.-

To develop practical electroluminescent devices, a lot of efforts such as finding a good candidate for emitter materials, employing a variety of hole transporting layers, and incorporating electron transporting materials to the devices have been made by many researchers. As one of there efforts, synthesis of eight organometallic complexes for the use as emitter materials in electroluminescent devices was performed here in. The compounds synthesized in this study include Be(bq)₂, Zn(bq)₂, Be(mq)₂, Zn(mq)₂, Be(box)₂, Zn(box)₂, Tb(MeOBB)₃, and Eu(MeOBB)₃[where bq = the anion of 10-hydroxybenzo[h]quinoline; mq = the anion of 8-hydroxyquinaldine; box = the anion of 20)20hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole; MeOBB = 4-methoxy benzoylbenzoate] As a ligand for the lanthanide ions(Tb and Eu), MeOBB was also synthesized in this study. The luminescence colors of solid compounds listed above were reviewed through the 365nm light irradiation. These compounds will be applied to electroluminescence devices as emitter materials and/or electron transporting layers, and their applicability for the efficient electroluminescent devices will be shortly evaluated.