2003년 국내 중증급성호흡기증후군 진료 현황 및 문제점 분석

이진수,김은실,정문현,백제중,정선화,안주희,최영화,이선희,고철우,김성범,김민자,박승철,기현균,송재훈,최상호,김양수,이상오,조용균,박영훈,정숙인,김연숙,이흥범,손창희,장성희,정희진,김우주 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

목적 : 2002년 말 중국에서 SARS가 발생한 이후 국내에서도 2003년 10월까지 총 3명의 추정환자, 17명의 의심환자가 보고되었다. 향후 추가적인 SARS의 유행이 우려되는 상황에서, 그간의 SARS 환자 진료에 있어서의 실질적인 준비사항, 진료 현황 등에 대한 조사를 통해 문제점을 파악하여, 향후 더 나은 대비가 될 수 있도록 개선점을 제시하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : SARS로 의심되는 환자를 진료 경험이 있는 병원의료진을 대상으로 2003년 10월에 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문에는 SARS 환자 진료 시의 실질적인 조치, 진료 현황, 병실, 응급실 및 외래에서의 격리 시설과 준비사항, 보건당국의 관리와 지원에 관한 사항을 포함하였다. 결과 : 대상이 되는 22개 병원 중 17개(17/22, 77.2%) 병원이 설문에 응하였다. SARS 환자를 위한 격리실은 응급실, 외래, 일반병실 및 중환자실에서 각각 9개(9/17, 52.9%), 5개(5/17, 29.4%), 15개(15/16, 93.7%), 4개(4/16, 25%) 병원에서 음압처리가 되어있지 않은 일인실 혹은 다인실이 사용되었고, 1개(1/16, 6.3%) 병원에서만 일반병실에서 음압격리실이 운영되었다. 입원환자의 진찰 시 개인보호구의 착용은 거의 모든 의료기관에서 이루어졌다. 보건당국에서 SARS지정병원의 시설 등을 사전에 확인한 곳은 1곳(1/12, 8.3%)이였고, 14개 병원(14/15, 93.3%)에서는 보건당국에 의뢰한 검사결과를 통하 받지 못하였다. 결론 : 의료기관에서 SARS 환자용 격리실뿐만 아니라 기존의 격리실 설비 등이 미흡하였으며, 특히 중환자실 및 외래의 준비가 더욱 부족하였다. 보건당국의 의료기관에 대한 종합적인 지원이 부족하였고, 병원과의 원활한 연계가 잘 이루어지지 않았다. SARS 만이 아닌 격리를 필요로 하는 질환의 적절한 진료를 위해 향후 병원 시설의 정비와 정부차원에서의 보다 구체적이고 실질적인 대책마련이 필요하다. Background : There was an worldwide outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) originated from China in late 2002. During that period three cases of suspected SARS and 17 cases of probable SARS were reported in Korea. With the concerns about the reemergence of SARS-coV transmission, it is important to be prepared for any possibility. So, this study is aimed to analysis the past measures in managing SARS and propose the amendatory plans to improve the preparedness. Materials & Methods : Questionnaires were collected among clinicians with any experience in managing the probable or suspected SARS cases in Oct. 2003. 17 out of 22 hospitals responded to the questionnaire. The contents in the questionnaire were practical activities, personal equipments, response plans, isolation facilities in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards and intensive care units, and relationship with the public health department. Results : The dedicated isolation rooms in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards, and intensive care units were prepared in 9 (9/17, 52.9%), 5 (5/17, 29.4%), 15 (15/16, 93.7%), and 4 (4/16, 25.0%) hospitals, respectively. Except for one hospital that newly made negative pressure room for SARS, single or multi-bed rooms without airborne infection control were used in all the other hospitals. The personal precaution principles were kept quite well in general wards. Before the designation of SARS hospital by the public health department prior evalution to see if the hospital was suitable for managing SARS was conducted in only 1 (1/12, 8.3%) hospital. The results of laboratory diagnosis were reported back in 1 (1/15, 6.6%) hospital. Conclusions : The isolation facilities which can control airborne infection were almost deficient not only for SARS but also for other respiratory transmissible diseases. For the infection control of transmissible diseases including SARS, more investment is needed on medical facilities and comprehensive support from the public health department required.

신고리 지역 기상관측을 통한 계절별 대기안정도 특성분석

송상근,김유근,오인보,정주희,조윤미,우경은,강태훈 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 2003 環境硏究報 Vol.21 No.-

In this study, we analyzed the characteristics of atmospheric stability to investigate local environment change at an atomic power plant in Gori region. The used data was obtained from field observation of major meteorological variables such as wind direction and speed, air temperature, relative humidity, and solar radiation using AWS (Automatic Weather System) in Gori region from February to September in 2003. As a result, when strong northerly winds (more than 4~6 m/s) and weak northwesterly winds (2~3m/s) blow, atmospheric stability was neutral and stable from winter to spring, respectively. Atmospheric stability (neutral) in summer was similar to that in two other seasons (winter and spring), but it was stable for weak southwesterly winds (2~3 m/s). Finally, atmospheric stability was neutral for strong winds (over 4~6 m/s) in fall without respect to wind direction, while that was stable for very weak winds (less than 2 m/s).

토당귀 종자의 형태적 특성과 발아와 입모율에 대한 저장방법,생장조절제 및 프라이밍 처리 효과

안희정,안복주,·김도현,·안영섭,·김영국,박춘근,이상원,·박충범·차선우,·송범헌, 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2015 農業科學硏究 Vol.31 No.1

This study was conducted to have basic and applied informations to establish the cultivation method and to improve the cultivation techniques of Angelica gigas Nakai through investigating the rates of germination and seedling establishment with treatment of plant growth regulator and seed priming. The germination rates of round shape seed were about 0.3~12% higher than those of parallel shape. The germination rates with different storage durations were increased at the level of 25oC and 4oC with the storage days, while they were clearly higher at -20oC compared to those at 4oC and 25oC without the storage durations. With the results of germination rates with treating of plant growth regulator and seed priming, their rates with the round shape seeds were comparatively higher about 6% than those with parallel shape seed and they were increased with increasing of the storage durations. The germination rates were generally appeared higher with GA3 than did those with seed priming. The highest germination rate was appeared at 50 ppm GA3 of plant growth regulator and at -0.5 MPa PEG6000 of seed priming. The germination rates?ㅤ ?ㅤ of Angelica gigas were different with different temperature, storage durations and the treatments of plant growth regulator and seed priming. These results could be used according to different cultivating conditions.

에너지 소비를 고려한 Ad-Hoc 네트워크에서의 라우팅 알고리즘

송지원,박희주,차은희,이주영 덕성여자대학교 자연과학연구소 2004 자연과학 논문집 Vol.10 No.-

Ad-Hoc 네트워크는 배터리를 에너지원으로 사용하는 휴대용 기기들이 동적으로 연결되어 자치적인 네트워크 망을 형성한다. 따라서 제한된 에너지 자원을 효율적으로 관리하는 것은 시스템 수명(활동시간)을 좌우하는 중요한 문제가 된다. 본 논문에서는 위치 정보를 기반으로 한 라우팅에서 다양한 metric으로 이동 호스트의 에너지 소비와 네트워크의 시스템 수명을 비교하며, 각 이동 호스트의 잔여에너지와 소모된 에너지의 비율, 그리고 메시지 전송에 필요한 에너지들을 함께 고려한 새로운 라우팅 방법을 제시한다. 이 방법은 전체 네트워크 시스템 수명을 최대화하는 균형된 에너지 소모를 고려한 라우팅 방법이다.

Osteotome Sinus Floor Elevation Procedure를 이용한 임프란트 매식

송종운,조용기,박홍주,김영운,오희균,유선열 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2002 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.24 No.2

Maxillary sinus has an anatomic limitation to bone support available for dental implant. When there is less than 10㎜ of bone remaining between the upper alveolar ridge crest and the maxillary sinus floor, bone augmentation should be considered. In 1994, Summers reported two sinus floor elevation techniques of limmediate implant insertion, using osteotomes, for patients who have at least 5㎜ of bone remaining between the alveolar ridge crest and the maxillary sinus floor. One technique is osteotome sinus floor elevation (OSFE) procedure in which uses osteotomes to elevate the sinus floor. The other is bone-added OSFE (BAOSFE) procedure in which bone graft is added into osteotomy site. Both procedures conserve all of the remaining bone and selectively displace it upward, thereby raising sinus floor. This study was aimed to evaluate the long-term success rate of implants which had been placed by osteotome sinus floor elevation procedure. Between February 1996 and June 1998, 10 implants were placed using OSFE or BAOSFE procedures in 6 patients who had at least 6㎜ of bone remaining between the alveolar ridge crest and the sinus floor. OSFE procedures were performed in patiens, 2∼4㎜ sinus floor elevation was needed, whereas BAOSFE procedures were done in patines, more than 4㎜ sinus floor elevation was needed. During the mean follow-up period of 4 years 4 months (3 years 6 months ∼ 5 years 9 months), no implant was failed and all patients showed good functional results. OSFE and BAOSFE procedures seemed technically easier and less invasive compared to conventional sinus lift procedure. And both procedure have good success rate.

Azotobacter sp.에 의한 Butyric Acid와 Valeric Acid로부터 Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)의 생산

송희주,이일석,방원기 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.1

Butyric acid 와 valeric acid로부터 poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (P(3HB-co-3HV))를 생산하기 위하여 P(3HB-co-3HV)의 생산능력이 있는 10종의 균주를 토양으로부터 분리하였으며 분리된 균주들중에서 P(3HB-co-3HV)의 생산능력이 가장 우수한 균주 HJ-067을 선별하였고, Azotobacter sp.로 부분 동정하였다. P(3HB-co-3HV)의 생산에 있어서 butyric acid 와 valeric acid의 최적 기질 농도는 각각 3.0g/l이었다. 질소원으로는 (NH_4)_2SO_4가 가장 우수하였으며, 최적 농도는 0.75 g/l(C/N ratio=21.36)이었다. 금속이온(Zn^2+, Co^2+, Mn^2+)의 결핍은 P(3HB-co-3HV)의 생산에 영향을 미치며, 특히 Mn^2+을 첨가하지 않은 경우에 P(3HB-co-3HV)의 생산량이 증가하였다. P(3HB-co-3HV)의 생산을 위한 최적 배양 온도는 27℃였으며, 최적 초기 pH는 7.0이었다. 상기의 최적 조건하에서 36시간 배양하여 얻어진 건조균체량 및 P(3HB-co-3HV)의 생산량은 각각 3.00 g/l, 1.82 g/l이었다. 이때의 P(3HB-co-3HV) yield는 건조 균체량의 60.60%(w/w)이었으며, HV%는 15.92%(w/w)이었다. For the production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (P(3HB-co-3HV)) from butyric acid and valeric acid, 10 strains of bacteria capable of producing P(3HB-co-3HV) wee isolated from soil. Among them, the strain HJ-067 showed the best ability of producing P(3HB-co-3HV), and was identified as a Azotobacter sp. For the production of P(3HB-co-3HV), the optimum concentrations of butyric acid and valeric acid were 3.0 g/l, respectively. The most effective nitrogen source was (NH_4)_2SO_4 at an optimum concentration of 0.75 g/l, which was equivalent to 21.36 in C/N ratio. Deficiency of the cationic metal ions (Zn^2+, Co^2+, Mn^2+) in the production medium had stimulating effect on P(2HB-co-3HV) accumulation, especially in the managanese deficient medium. The optimum temperature for P(3HB-co-3HV) production was 27℃ and the optimum initial pH was 7.0. Under the optimum conditions, 1.82 g/l of P(3HB-co-3HV) and 3.00 g/l of dry biomass were produced after 36 hour cultivation, and the P(3HB-co-3HV) yield and HV% were 60.60% (w/w), 15.92% (w/w), respectively.

전국 10개 종합병원 중환자실 환자의 직장내 Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci(VRE) 보균율, 보균의 위험요인 및 유전적 다양성 조사

정희진,송준영,엄중식,김우주,최선주,최정현,이혁,정문현,이광미,신동현,손보라,최종성,우흥정,권정아,이경원,최강원,박승철 대한감염학회 2002 감염 Vol.34 No.5

중첩 방전을 이용한 CO₂레이저의 동작 특성 : 다중펄스 중첩을 이용한 long 펄스형 CO₂레이저의 펄스 형상 제어 Pulse shape control of pulse CO₂laser using multiple-pulse superposition

정현주,김근용,정용호,정종한,송건주,김희제 부산대학교 생산기술연구소 2001 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.60 No.-

본 연구에서는 PIC 원 칩 마이크로 프로세서 기술을 접목시켜, 저전압 측에서 2단 또는 3단의 회로를 능동적으로 중첩시킴으로써, 다양한 펄스폭을 가지는 고전압의 펄스형상을 만들었다. 이렇게 만들어진 다양한 중첩펄스를 현재 산업용 및 의료용으로 많이 사용되고 있는 CO2 레이저에 적용하여 각 단의 스위치의 트리거 지연시간에 따른 레이저 빔의 출력 특성을 고찰하였다. 그 결과 다양한 펄스폭을 가지는 레이저 빔을 얻을수가 있었고 특히, 3단 중첩회로에서 스위칭 지연 시간을 변화시킴에 따라 얻어진 레이저 펄스폭은 최소 약 4ms였고 최대 약 10ms였다. In this study, a variable pulse length, high duty cycle Pulse Forming Network(PFN) is constructed by time sequence. The power supply for this experiment consists of three switching circuits. Each switching circuit uses 2 mesh PFN, a charging circuit, a HV leakage transformer, and bridge rectifier on each transformer secondary. The PFN elements operate at low voltage and drive the primary of HV leakage transformer. The secondary of the transformer has a full-wave rectifier, which passes the pulse energy to the load in a continuous sequence. We investigated laser pulse width of pulsed CO2 laser as various delay time among three switching circuits. As a result, we can obtain various laser pulse width from about 4 to 10ms.

간호사의 이직의도 구조모형

김창희,양승순,김연자,손연정,유미애,송주은 대한간호학회 간호행정학회 2009 간호행정학회지 Vol.15 No.4

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to construct and test a structural equation model of nurses' turnover intention. Method: The participants were 716 nurses at 4 university hospitals. Data were collected by a self-report questionnaire in 2008 and analyzed using SPSS 12.0 and AMOS 4.0 Win program. Results: The fit indices of modified model were x²=285.928(p<.001),x²/df=1.958GFI=0.964, RMSEA=0.037, AGFI=0.944, NFI=0.947, NNFI=0.961, CFI=0.973, PNFI=0.658 and showed high compatibility with the empirical data. In the final model, job stress and satisfaction were found to have significant direct effects on nurses' turnover intention, while organizational culture and emotional labor were very important factors to have indirect effects on turnover intention via job stress and satisfaction. Nurses' turnover intention was accounted for 41.2% of covariance by these factors. Conclusions: Comprehensive nursing interventions for decreasing nurses' turnover intention should be focused on reducing job stress and increasing job satisfaction. Also, Nursing strategy for enhancing positive organizational culture and decreasing emotional labor would be helpful for decreasing nurses' turnover intention, too. Further studies are needed to prospectively conduct to verify these causal relationships with larger sample.

五臟背兪穴 部位의 神經領域 및 穴位 特性에 대한 硏究

安成薰,裵柱東,朴正俊,卞成熙,孫仁喆 한국전통의학연구소 1998 한국전통의학지 Vol.8 No.1

五臟兪穴과 근접神經幹의 위치적 유사성을 토대로 내장에 대한 직접적 神經支作用을 살펴본 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 五臟兪穴은 足太陽膀胱經 背部 제 1선에 위치한 五臟의 背兪穴로,肺兪는 第 3椎下, 心兪 第 5椎下, 肝兪는 第 9椎下, 脾兪는 第 11椎下, 腎兪는 第 14椎下의 兩傍 各1寸分 部位에 있다. 2. 五臟兪穴 部位에 분포하고 있는 신경을 보면, 胸背部의 肺兪와 心兪부위에는 external branch of accessory N, N. of the rhomboids, post. branch of thoracic N가, 肝兪부위에는 subseapular N, post. branch of thoracic N, 脾兪부위에는 post. branch of thoracic N이며, 腎兪부위에는 post. branch of lumbar N.가 분포하고 있다. 또한 이러한 신경이 支配하는 근육은 僧帽筋, 菱形筋, 最長筋, 廣背筋, 腸骨肋筋, 腰背筋膜이다. 3. 유기체인 인간에 있어서 대뇌가 인지하지 못하는 도중이거나 또는 자극전달과정을 차단하는 과정이라도 신경의 여러 종류 중 근접신경간 또는 신경절간의 최소거리에서 자극전달과정이 일어날 수 있다고 사료되며 특히 病理的 狀況에서 기능의 혼란성은 더욱 심화되리라고 예상된다. 따라서,五臟兪穴에 대한 刺鍼효과는 자극전달과정의 혼란성을 惹起하여 일어나는 交感神經系의 內部臟器에 대한 직접적 作用일 수 있다고 思料되며 여기에 대한 실험적 연구가 思料된다. This research was studied how muscle and nerve system were placed according to accupuncture point of B13 (肺兪), B15(心兪), B18(肝兪), B20(脾兪), B23(腎兪), OH-JANG-SUE(五臟兪). And studied it to be possibility that muscle and nerve system of this area connected to organ of human, so we acquired following results. 1. There are B13 1.5 dlon(寸) area besides under the 3rd thoracic vertebra, B15 under the 5th thoracic vertebra, B18 under the 9th thoracic vertebra, B20 under the 11th thoracic vertebra, B23 under the 14th thoracic vertebra. 2. Thee are external branch of accessory N, N. of the rhomboids, post. branch of thoracic N. in B13(肺兪) and B15(心兪), subscapular N, post. branch of thoracic N. in B18(肝兪), post. branch of thoracic N. in B20(脾兪), post. branch of lumbar N. in B23(腎兪). This nerves rule trapezius M., rhomboideus major M., longissimus M, serratus post. info M. fascia lumbodorsalis. 3. We proposed that the accupuncture effect of B13(肺兪), B15(心兪). B18(), B20(肝兪), B23(腎兪) might be confusion of nerve system.