영어교육 발달사 비교

홍종선 한국영어교육연구학회 1993 영어교육연구 Vol.- No.13

This study is to suggest some effective ways of English education in Korea through a survey of the history of methods for English teaching in this country and also the main stream of foreign language teaching methods worldwide. After World War II, there has been a rising interest in research into language as such, into the acquisition of language and its use by individuals, and into the way language functions within society. This intense interest has led to a continuing re-examination of language teaching methods. Also, with the extension of educational opportunity the humanism of educational philosophy has influenced the teaching methods of foreign language. The method of teaching English in Korea was the direct method at the beginning stage of English education during the late Yi Dynasty period when English teachers were native speakers of English. During the Japanese occupation period, the grammar-translation method was the principle teaching method and it was written language oriented. Until now about a half century has passed since the 1945 liberation. During this period there have been changes six times in educational curriculum for middle and high school students. Throughout these changes, the basic policy for the operation of middle and high school English curriculum has been proper motivation for English learning with the objective of four elementary skins of English study: hearing, speaking, reading and writing, in that order. This ideal policy follows the developed linguistic theories and foreign language teaching methods, but it is hardly realized. Some effective ways for realization of this ideal policy and its objectives of English curriculum are suggested as follows: 1) The actual time allowed for English within school curriculum is much shorter than the established goal of English education in Korea. Therefore, it would be best if spoken English (hearing and speaking) could be taught in elementary school. Children's vocal organs are more flexible the younger they are. Learning proper pronunciation comes easily for them. Therefore, opportunity for their language education is the sooner the better. 2) It is not necessary to choose English as an official language but considering the increase of international exchange between our country and the rest of the world, it is important that Koreans learn to use English confidently and with ease. 3) To achieve the goal of integrative motivation of hearing, speaking, reading and writing in English education, middle and high school teachers themselves must have ability in the language, have the interest in educational goals, and have the intention to put their goals into practice. Also, they must have the knowledge of modern teaching methods and try to use them properly in the educational field. 4) It is better for teachers and students to have an interest in the integrative motivation of English study and find joy in the study activities than to have only the instrumental motivation for passing the examinations. With this kind of interest they will progress voluntarily and continuously beyond the classroom. 5) Classroom activities should follow the educational objectives and evaluation should follow the classroom activities. Therefore, the evaluation should be directly related to the classroom activities.

이중언어 교육과 한국의 외국어교육 과제

洪鐘善 한국영어교육연구학회 2000 영어교육연구 Vol.- No.21

This study reviewed the extensive professional literature on bilingual education. It also, investigated and analyzed the problems of English teaching as a foreign language in Korea. The purposes of the study were (1) reviewing the extensive professional literature on the various aspects of bilingual education, (2) comparing and analyzing the difference of the bilingual education policy of other countries, (3) attempting to find any significance in Korea where English is taught not as a second language (ESL), but as a foreign language (EFL), and (4) proposing alternative ways to produce more proficient bilinguals in Korea. The language proficiency of multi languages has been required by most elite societies in the world. However, multi-language education program should be provided for all the people to prepare the 21st century. The concept of bilingual education is different in between ESL society and EFL society. In EFL society, the English is mostly used for the international affairs and communications while the English is not taught as a subject but used as an educational language in ESL society. Five recommendations for implementation were made based upon the results of the literature review and empirical study: (1) Additional research is needed to deal with different aspects of bilingual education. (2) Early English education should be continued because the earlier the opportunity for children's language education is, the more effective the education will be. (3) To achieve the goal of integrative motivation for listening, speaking, reading and writing in English education, middle and high school teachers themselves must have ability in the language, and have the intention of putting the goal into practice. Also, they must have the knowledge of various aspects of bilingual education and try to use them properly in the educational field. (4) For efficient college English education in an EFL environment developing a social atmosphere where English can be used naturally is necessary, and the comprehensive area study programs should be provided. (5) To prevent from a lot of abroad language tour during vacations, English village where all the students are learned by English speakers should be established in Korea.

파생접사의 생산성

洪鍾善 한국영어교육연구학회 2002 영어교육연구 Vol.- No.24

As far as morphology is concerned, the most relevant innovation of Halle's proposal is the introduction of Word Formation Rules (WFR). Halle distinguishes two types of WFR, (a) those that apply to stems and form linear sequences of "stem + one or more morphemes", with or without internal structure, and (b) those that apply to words. Aronoff went a step further, in the same direction, and rejected the morpheme as basis of derivational morphology. The differences observed between Halle's and Aronoff's theories of morphology are basically the following: (a) Halle's system rests on a morpheme-based hypothesis, while Aronoff's system rests on a word-based hypothesis, and (b) WFR's have a global power in Halle's proposal, while they have no such power in Aronoff's proposal. The word-based hypothesis has three different points: (a) All regular word formation processes are word based. (b) A new word is formed by applying a regular rule to a single already existing word. (c) Both the new word and the existing word are members of major lexical categories. According to Aronoff, productivity goes with semantic coherence. The research on the productivity of derivational affixes as well as the productivity of compound words, will help not only the native speakers of English but also the speakers of English as a foreign language with their memory of words.

目標語 學習과 理性主義的 接近

洪鍾善 한국항공대학교 1990 論文集 Vol.28 No.-

The rationalists assume that the language is a producation of the human innate mind which has a characteristic of universality and the huuman language acquisition is acquired by inherent ability. This assumption leads up to Chomsky's L.S.D.(Language Acquisition Device) and his transformational generative grammar that reveals a contrary thesis to the empiricists who insist a thesis on which the languages are different from each other and the language acquisition is fulfilled only by imitation and repetition, because the human mind is built on tabula rasa. To know by memory even an ample stock of ready-made sentences in a language is not the same as to know that language. After all, the ability to produce unlimited sentencs through limited laguage experience can be explained by the creativity of human language and the language universality makes us assume a similarity between native language acquisition and target language learning. So, the language teachers need to consider the adult language teaching curriculum to prepare the similar environment to that of childern's environment in learning their own language. Guided meaningful practice in thinking(through speaking, writing, listening or reading) rather than drill is what enables a person to learn a living language in which he can think.

자궁내막증 판별에 대한 표지자로 β-catenin에 대한 연구

최종환,류려선,서재홍 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2008 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.33 No.2

Backgrounds: β-catenin, a member of the catenin family, is an adhesion molecule normally present in the sub-plasmalemmal cell membrane. It is abnormally transferred to the nuclei when the adenomatous polyposis coli pathway, on which it depends, is altered. Abnormal β-catenin expression is documented in fibromatosis, intestinal polyps and endometrial carcinoma. The diagnosis of endometriosis is usually straightforward. However, it may be difficult to distinguish between endometriosis and other entities when the epithelial component is scare. There is currently no other marker that helps support the diagnosis of endometriosis. Design: This study aimed at: (a) determining whether β-catenin can identify normal endometrial tissue (proliferative phases and secretory phases), and (b) Validating the potential utility of β-catenin in identifying the stroma and glands in endometriosis. In addition to 22 cases of normal endometrial tissue. We tested 46 cases of endometriosis using β-catenin antibody (clone 14, transduction Labs) via immunohistochemistry. Results: 43 out of 46 cases of endometriosis showed Co-expression of β-catenin on both the gland and storma (either nuclear or membranous pattern). In the remaining 3 cases, β-catenin's expression was only focal. The stroma in 21 out of 22 cases of normal endometrium was detected by β-catenin, showing either a membranous or nuclear signal. In only 1 case, the signal distribution was very focal. No of the internal negative control tissues (ovarian stroma, myometrium) showed any significant levels of β-catenin expression. Conclusion: This study shows that β-catenin can successfully detect the glandular and stromal components of endometriosis, with a striking contrast to surrounding tissue, resulting in a very 'clean' background. β-catenin, thus, has the potential of identifying these lesions in morphologically equivocal situations. The mechanisms of abnormal expression of β-catenin on the stroma of endometriosis is unclear, and warrants further investigations.

연속주조 몰드의 구조해석 비교

원종진,이종선,홍석주,이현곤 한국공작기계학회 2000 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2000 No.-

This study is object to structural analysis comparison of continuous casting mold. A two-dimensional finite element model was developed to compute the temperature distribution, thermal stress and thermal strain behavior for continuous casting mold. For structural analysis using thermal analysis result from ANSYS. In other to structural analysis of continuous casting mold, many variables such as casting speed, cooling condition, film coefficient, convection and load condition are considered.

복합적층원통셸의 좌굴거동

원종진,이종선,홍석주 한국공작기계학회 1997 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.6 No.2

The objective of this study is to investigate effects of prebuckling on the buckling of laminated compostie cylindrical shells. Both axial compression and lateral pressure are considered for laminated composite cylindrical shells with length to radius ratios. The shell walls are made of a laminate with several symmetric ply orientations. The study was made using finite difference energy method, utilizing the nonlinear bifurcation branch with nonlinear prebuckling displacements. The results are compared to the buckling loads determined when membrane prebuckling displacements are considered.

양성, 전암성, 암성 표피종양에서의 p21, p27 and β-catenin 발현에 대한 분석

류려선,최종환,서재홍 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2008 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.33 No.2

Analysis of p21, p27 and β-catenin protein expression in the non cancerous, precancerous and cancerous epidermal skin tumors. Background: The epidermal skin tumors encompass a wide range of non cancerous, precancerous and cancerous conditions. The pathogenesis of seborrheic keratosis, keratoacanthoma, actinic keratosis, Bowen's disease and squamous cell carcinoma is not well understood. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of p21, p27 and β-catenin in this lesions. Methods: Immunoperoxidase staining methods were applied to analyze p21, p27 and β-catenin expression in a total of 61 cases, including 21 seborrheic keratosis, 9 keratoacanthoma, 8 actinic keratoses, 6 Bowen's diseases and 17 squamous cell carcinoma. p21 is thought to mediate p53 signaling, induced by a DNA-damaged status, to arrest the cell cycle, the mechanism that controls p21 expression has not been clearly elucidated yet. p27 is a member of cip/kip family of cydin-dependent kinase inhibitors, which include the p21, p27, and p57 protein, the p27 protein is present in quiescent cells are stimulated by growth factors, a decrease or an absence of p27 protein expression has been suggested to be a powerful negative prognostic marker in patients with various malignancies, including breast, colon, and esophageal cancers. Results: p21 was expressed in 85.7% (18/21) of seborrheic keratsis, 33.3% (3/9) of keratoacanthoma, 75% (6/8) of actinic keratosis, 33.3% (2/6) of Bowen's Disease and 76.5% (13/17) of squamous cell carcinoma An increased expression of p21 was found 85.7% (18/21) of seborrheic keratosis. p27 was expressed in 100% (21/21) of seborrheic keratosis, 11.1% (1/9)of keratoacanthoma, 25% (2/8) of actinic keratosis, 83.3% (5/6) of Bowen's disease and 82.4% (14/17) of squamous cell carcinoma An increased expression of p27 was found 100% (21/21) of seborrheic keratosis. β-catenin expressed in 100% (21/21) of seborrheic keratosis 100% (8/8) of actinin keratosis, 100% (9/9) of actinic keratosis, 83.3% (5/6) of Bowen's disease and 88.2% (15/17) of squamous cell carcinoma in conclusion. Expression for p21 are low in seborrheic keratosis, keratoacanthoma, actinic keratosis, Bowen's disease and squamous cell carcinoma. In the seborrheic keratosis, strong expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor. Our results support that p21, p27 protein and β -catenin play a role in keratinocyte differentiation and tumorigenesis of skin lesion.

儀式으로 본 通度寺 空間動線 조사 연구

오흥선,이영한,박기홍,문종만,노정선 서울産業大學校 1999 논문집 Vol.49 No.2

This study deals mainly with relationships between the spatial composition and the Buddhist rituals of monks at the Tongdosa temple. The results of study are summarized as followed. Many of rituals are performed in the Sangrohjun(上爐殿) and, in particular, handled in the Sulbujun(說法殿), but not performed in the Jungrohjun(上爐殿) and Harohjun(下爐殿) except for the time of Buddhist mass held in the every morning and night. The main activities of all rituals were based on the Kumkang Stupa in the past and such a tendency continues in the present time. The characteristics of temple space reflected by the movement of monks and believers who take advantage of the Kumkang Stupa's Structure in the significant rituals such as the entrance of priesthood, reception of Buddhist confirmation, Buddha's Birthday and establishment of Tongdosa Temple.

구멍이 있는 공작물의 가공시 형상특성

이종선,원종진,안운상,홍석주,윤희중 한국공작기계학회 2002 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.11 No.5

This study is to investigate the characteristics of the surface around a hole and outlet of product which are manufactured by face mill or end mill cutting with a hole or a pocket in its surface. Furthermore, experiments for optimization of process conditions to minimize the change of characteristics of milling cut surface after a hole cutting operation are implemented. This result is apply manufacture of mold products and metal products by diecasting.