A Review of the Effectiveness of Problem-based Learning

Ai-Girl Tan 대한사고개발학회 2005 The International Journal of Creativity & Problem Vol.15 No.1

This paper examines the effectiveness of problem-based learning. The presentation of the paper is divided into four parts. In the introduction, features and characteristics of problem-based learning are presented. In the second part, main findings of a meta-analytic (Dochy, Segers, Van den Bossche, & Gijbels, 2003) and two review papers (Baker, 2000; Hmelo-Silver, 2004) are highlighted. In part three, referring to empirical and other studies, advantages and challenges of problem-based learning are elicited. Finally, in the concluding session, some other issues such as group size and academic achievement are discussed.

Clinical Decision Support Functions and Digitalization of Clinical Documents of Electronic Medical Record Systems

박영택,김연숙,이병기,김상미 대한의료정보학회 2019 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.25 No.2

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical decision support (CDS) functions and digitalization of clinical documents of Electronic Medical Record (EMR) systems in Korea. This exploratory study was conducted focusing on current status of EMR systems. Methods: This study used a nationwide survey on EMR systems conducted from July 25, 2018 to September 30, 2018 in Korea. The unit of analysis was hospitals. Respondents of the survey were mainly medical recorders or staff members in departments of health insurance claims or information technology. This study analyzed data acquired from 132 hospitals that participated in the survey. Results: This study found that approximately 80% of clinical documents were digitalized in both general and small hospitals. The percentages of general and small hospitals with 100% paperless medical charts were 33.7% and 38.2%, respectively. The EMR systems of general hospitals are more likely to have CDS functions of warnings regarding drug dosage, reminders of clinical schedules, and clinical guidelines compared to those of small hospitals; this difference was statistically significant. For the lists of digitalized clinical documents, almost 93% of EMR systems in general hospitals have the inpatient progress note, operation records, and discharge summary notes digitalized. Conclusions: EMRs are becoming increasingly important. This study found that the functions and digital documentation of EMR systems still have a large gap, which should be improved and made more sophisticated. We hope that the results of this study will contribute to the development of more sophisticated EMR systems.

An Exploratory Study on Children's Views of a Creative Teacher

Tan Ai-Girl,Raslinda Rasidir 대한사고개발학회 2006 The International Journal of Creativity & Problem Vol.16 No.2

This paper reports findings of an exploratory study on children’s views of a crea-tive teacher. A total of 163 children participated in a survey, comprising 51.1% girls and 86% high achievers. The children were between eight and eleven years old. They attended to an instrument developed from responses of open-ended ques-tions about a “good teacher” and a “creative teacher”, as well as from categories and items presented in studies on a good teacher (e.g., Kutnick & Jules, 1993; Jules & Kutnick, 1997) and a creative person (e.g., Sternberg, 1985). There were main gender and achievement level effects. Girls rated significantly higher than boys on general good qualities. High achievers rated significantly higher than other chil-dren on general good qualities, basic pedagogical competence, positive qualities, and role modeling.

계절수요예측을 활용한 공급사슬 내 재고관리 개선 방안 연구

Seung-Min Noh(노승민),Seung-Hwan Gu(구승환),Seong-Yong Jang(장성용) 한국경영과학회 2019 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.4

High School Students' Perceived Creativity Self-efficacy and Emotions in a Service Learning Context

Ai-Girl Tan,Valerie Ho,Elizabeth Ho,Steve Ow 대한사고개발학회 2008 The International Journal of Creativity & Problem Vol.18 No.2

Our study examined the relationship of creativity self-efficacy and emotions of high school students (n = 279) in Singapore before and after they attended a three to five-day international service learning program. Participants completed a creativity self efficacy scale, the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) and Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS). We found a positive, significant correlation between creativity efficacy and positive affect, life satisfaction and subjective happiness but negative correlation with negative mood affect. In addition, students whose creativity efficacy was moderately high were found to have reported higher ratings of life satisfaction after having participated in service learning. Our findings provide initial evidence suggesting that service learning with positive intervention is positively related to creativity self-efficacy and happiness of youth.

Adolescents' Perceived Decisional Balance, Task Specific Efficacy and Stages of Change in Early Computer Gaming Behavior

Ai-Girl Tan,Albert K. Liau,Lee-San Teoh,Sooyin Tan,Chih-Chin Chou,Jacqueline Leong Yu 대한사고개발학회 2008 The International Journal of Creativity & Problem Vol.18 No.1

Adolescents’ perceptions of decisional balance, task specific efficacy and stages of changes related to their gaming behavior in an Asian context were examined. A total of 414 adolescents (girls, n = 171, 41.3%) participated in the study, with their age ranged between 12 and 17 (M = 13.8, SD = 1.37) years old. The participants reported their particulars and rated three scales, i.e., decisional balance, task specific and stages of changes. Nearly all subscales had good international consistency. The precontemplation subscale was significantly related to the DB-pro subscale, r(409)=.29, p<.01 . Significant correlations were observed between the DB-con subscale with the contemplation r(409)=.35, p<.01, action r(409)=.32, p<.01, and maintenance r(409)=.34, p<.01 subscales. The action subscale was positively correlated to the task specific efficacy – school situation subscale, r(408)=.20, p<.01. Significantly correlations were reported between the frequency of gaming and the DB-pro r(412)=.28, p<.01, the ARC Action subscale r(409)=-.13, p<.01, and the TSSE school subscale r(410)=-.14, p<.01.

Exploring Educator Roles in Cultivating Creativity

Tan Ai Girl 대한사고개발학회 1998 The International Journal of Creativity & Problem Vol.8 No.1

The importance of cultivating creativity has attracted educators ' attention. Educators or teachers are socialising agents who help cultivate pupils creativity in the classroom. What kinds of roles do educators play in promoting creativity? This paper addresses the question with reference to the Singapore current educational concerns. First, the vision of Thinking Schools which outlines new challenges for Singapore educators is presented. Second, various ways to promote creative thinking are discussed with reference to findings of a brainstorming session conducted at the National Institute of Education, Singapore. Then, four educator roles are identified and discussed: Creators, leaders, mentors, and facilitators. Finally, discussion on educators' concerns about present and future challenges is presented.

International High School Students' Perceived Creativity Self-Efficacy

Alan Hill,Ai-Girl Tan,Akio Kikuchi 대한사고개발학회 2008 The International Journal of Creativity & Problem Vol.18 No.1

A total of 416 high school students rated their perceptions of creativity self-efficacy, emotions and achievement goal orientation. Three subscales of creativity self-efficacy were developed - abilities to generate novel ideas, tolerate uncertainty and focus. Affect was assessed using three scales: the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, The Satisfaction with Life Scale and the Subjective Happiness Scale. An achievement goal-orientation scale was used to assess four possible achievement goal-orientations. Acceptable Cronbach’s Alphas demonstrated the reliability of the scales and hence the appropriateness of using them with the international students. Creativity self-efficacy was positively correlated with positive affect and a mastery-approach orientation that was consistent with current theory and research findings. The relationships between the other three achievement goal-orientations (performance-approach, performance-avoidance, and mastery-avoidance) and creative self-efficacy were less clearly established. Each goal-orientation was positively correlated with some, but not all, aspects of creativity efficacy. The performance approach orientation was negatively correlated with the uncertainty subscale of creativity self-efficacy.

Affect and Successful Performance: A Study on the Tower of Hanoi and Nine-dot

Madeline L. Pe,Ai-Girl Tan,Kurt A. Heller 대한사고개발학회 2008 The International Journal of Creativity & Problem Vol.18 No.1

A study was conducted to investigate the relation between positive affect, feeling, task interest and performance. The participants of the study were 109 post secondary students from the business school in Singapore. The age range was between 17 and 20 years old (M = 18.13, SD = .70). The students of the study solved two problems, the Tower of Hanoi task (paper and pen format, well-defined task) and nine dot problem (insight task). Before problem solving, the participants rated their mood using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS, Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988) and pleasantness rating of unfamiliar words (Isen, Daubman, & Nowicki, 1987). After the tasks, they rated the PANAS and task interest. The findings supported the hypotheses that there is a positive relation between positive affect and successful task completion (Fredrickson, 1998), between task interest and successful performance (Amabile, 1983). The findings suggest a change in negative affect (lower than the initial state) as an indicator of the presence of successful performance, particularly in solving a well-defined task (Schwarz, 1990). The study expands the paradigm of inclusion of emotions in regulating performance, including positive and negative affect, task interest and general feeling.